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Viral Genome Entry and Replication Mechanisms

Learn about how different types of viruses enter host cells and replicate their genomes. Explore processes like bacteriophage injection, endocytosis, and viral envelope fusion. Understand how host cells copy viral genomes and manufacture viral proteins.

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Questions and Answers

What is the name of the viral DNA when it integrates into the host bacterial chromosome?

Prophage

Which type of phages can remain dormant in the host cell until triggered by an environmental signal to switch to the lytic mode?

Temperate phages

What enables viruses to propagate without killing the host cells during the lysogenic cycle?

Integration of prophage into bacterial chromosome

Which enzyme transcribes an RNA template into a DNA copy in retroviruses?

<p>Reverse transcriptase</p> Signup and view all the answers

What triggers the transition from the lysogenic cycle to the lytic cycle in temperate phages?

<p>Environmental signal</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of viruses have the most complicated replicative cycles, involving reverse transcriptase?

<p>'Retroviruses'</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do bacteriophage viruses inject DNA into a bacterium?

<p>Through their elaborate tail apparatus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of the lytic cycle in bacteriophages?

<p>Death of the host cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do phages replicate within a bacterium in the lysogenic cycle?

<p>By integrating their DNA into the bacterial chromosome</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do we call phages that can use both lytic and lysogenic cycles for replication?

<p>Temperate phages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of phage replicates only through the lytic cycle?

<p>Virulent phages</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the outcome of integration of phage DNA into the bacterial chromosome?

<p>Formation of prophages</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is true regarding viruses?

<p>Viruses cannot reproduce outside the host</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the viral envelope membrane is of viral origin?

<p>Glycoproteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure does the arrow point to in a virus?

<p>Capsid</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of virulent phages?

<p>They destroy the host cell upon release</p> Signup and view all the answers

What term describes a phage that integrates its DNA into the host genome?

<p>Prophage</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which process involves a virus remaining dormant within a host cell for an extended period?

<p>Lysogenic cycle</p> Signup and view all the answers

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