Viktor Frankl Biography Overview
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Questions and Answers

What term did Viktor Frankl introduce during a public lecture?

  • Behavioral Analysis
  • Logotherapy (correct)
  • Psychotherapy
  • Cognitive Behavioral Therapy

Which influential figures in psychology did Viktor Frankl correspond with during his teenage years?

  • Carl Jung and Alfred Adler
  • Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow
  • Erik Erikson and B.F. Skinner
  • Alfred Adler and Sigmund Freud (correct)

What was the primary focus of the youth counseling centers organized by Frankl?

  • Social development programs
  • Academic assistance
  • Employment opportunities for youth
  • Mental health support for adolescents (correct)

In his early career, what role did Frankl take on after graduating from medical school?

<p>Director of a hospital ward for women with suicidal tendencies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What impact did Frankl's organization of school counseling have on suicide rates?

<p>They remarkably decreased (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the profession of Viktor Frankl's father?

<p>Director of the Ministry of Social Services (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What interest did Viktor Frankl develop as a teenager in Vienna?

<p>Social psychiatry (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Alfred Adler's primary criticism of Frankl's approach to psychology?

<p>Inadequate focus on community involvement (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant academic institution installed a Chair for Logotherapy?

<p>United States International University (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many languages had Man's Search for Meaning been translated into by the time of Frankl's death?

<p>24 languages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year was Frankl's last book, Man's Search for Ultimate Meaning, published?

<p>1997 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What character trait of Frankl is emphasized in the text?

<p>His strong sense of humor (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Frankl's perspective on careless thinking?

<p>He deplored and was annoyed by it. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What immediate fate befell Viktor Frankl's mother upon arrival at Auschwitz?

<p>She was murdered in the gas chamber (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which camp was Tilly, Viktor Frankl's companion, transferred to after Auschwitz?

<p>Bergen-Belsen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What illness did Viktor Frankl contract while in the Tuerkheim camp?

<p>Typhoid fever (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long did Frankl hold the position of director at the Vienna Neurological Policlinic?

<p>25 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of Frankl's book that describes his experiences in the concentration camps?

<p>Man's Search for Meaning (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which prominent university did Frankl eventually hold a professorship at?

<p>University of Vienna (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who helped Frankl secure an apartment and a job after the war?

<p>Bruno Pittermann (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What key theme did Frankl discuss during his lectures at San Quentin prison?

<p>Personal responsibility and redemption (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one of the restrictions placed on Jewish doctors in Nazi-occupied Austria?

<p>They were required to adopt a middle name. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of Viktor Frankl appointing false diagnoses to patients?

<p>To prevent their deportation to concentration camps. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which hospital was available to Jewish patients in Nazi-ruled Vienna?

<p>The Rothschild Hospital (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why did Viktor Frankl and his wife have to abort their pregnancy?

<p>Nazi rules forbade Jewish couples from having children. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the November Pogroms?

<p>Many synagogues were destroyed and hundreds of Jews died. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Viktor Frankl organize in the Terezin camp?

<p>A first response team for new arrivals. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What dilemma did Viktor Frankl face regarding his visa to leave for the United States?

<p>Risking his family's safety versus his own freedom. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was an effect of the aryanization of Jewish properties in Austria?

<p>It caused economic hardships for Jewish families. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Viktor Frankl's Birth Year

1905

Frankl's Family Background

Jewish family in Vienna, Austria, during WWI.

Frankl's Early Interests

Socialistic youth movements, social psychiatry

Frankl's Early Correspondence

Exchanged letters and psychoanalytic ideas with Freud.

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Frankl's Academic Path

Medical school at the University of Vienna

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Frankl's Logotherapy

Meaning-centered approach to mental healing; developed his unique school.

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Frankl's Youth Counseling Centers

Provided free counseling to adolescents during school closures to prevent suicides

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Frankl's Hospital Director Role

Directed a ward for suicidal women in a Vienna hospital.

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Auschwitz-Birkenau

A Nazi concentration camp in Poland where Viktor Frankl was imprisoned and his mother was murdered in the gas chamber.

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Bergen-Belsen

A Nazi concentration camp in Germany where Viktor Frankl's wife, Tilly, was imprisoned.

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Typhoid Fever

A serious bacterial infection Viktor Frankl contracted while imprisoned in the Tuerkheim camp.

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Manuscript Reconstruction

Frankl's strategy to stay awake and avoid fatal vascular collapse during the nights in the camp by reconstructing his book manuscript on pieces of paper.

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Arztliche Seelsorge

Frankl's book on Logotherapy, a new approach to mental healing, published in postwar Vienna.

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Man's Search for Meaning

Frankl's book that describes his experiences in the concentration camps and introduces the principles of Logotherapy.

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Logotherapy

A school of psychotherapy developed by Viktor Frankl that emphasizes finding meaning in life as a primary motivator for living.

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San Quentin prison

Frankl was invited to speak at this prison where his views on personal responsibility, guilt, and redemption resonated strongly with the inmates.

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Nazi Restrictions on Jewish Doctors

In Nazi-controlled Austria, Jewish doctors faced severe restrictions, including being forced to label themselves as "Jewish specialists" and having their practices seized.

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Viktor Frankl's Middle Name

Viktor Frankl was forced to adopt the middle name "Israel" by the Nazi regime.

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Frankl's 'Fachbehandler' Label

Under Nazi rules, Viktor Frankl had to identify himself as a "Fachbehandler" (Jewish specialist) instead of simply a physician.

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Arryanization

The process of seizing property from Jews and transferring it to non-Jews by the Nazis.

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Rothschild Hospital

The only hospital in Nazi-ruled Vienna that was accessible to Jews.

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Frankl's First Book

Viktor Frankl began writing the first version of his book, "The Doctor and the Soul," while facing Nazi oppression.

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Frankl's Sabotage of Nazi Procedures

Despite the risks, Viktor Frankl secretly undermined Nazi procedures by providing false diagnoses to protect mentally ill patients from euthanasia.

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Frankl's Family's Protection

By leading the neurology department, Frankl gained some protection from deportation to concentration camps for himself and his family.

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Logotherapy's Recognition

Logotherapy, Frankl's meaning-centered therapy, was officially recognized in Vienna, Austria, and the first professional training program was established.

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Man's Search for Meaning's Impact

Frankl's book, 'Man's Search for Meaning,' was acknowledged as one of the most influential books in America by the Library of Congress.

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Frankl's Character

Frankl was known for his lively spirit, wit, and humility. He valued clear thinking and was sensitive to criticism.

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Frankl's Legacy

Frankl's work, especially 'Man's Search for Meaning,' had a significant impact beyond psychology, influencing fields like philosophy and theology.

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Frankl's Message

Frankl's life exemplifies the importance of finding meaning even in the face of suffering.

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Study Notes

Frankl Biography

  • Early Life (1905-1937): Born Viktor Frankl on March 26, 1905, in Vienna, Austria, second of three children in a Jewish family. His father worked for the Ministry of Social Services. Suffered hardship during World War I. Developed socialistic sympathies and involved in youth organizations.
  • Teen Years: Bright student with an intense interest in social psychiatry. Wrote to Sigmund Freud at the age of 16 (18 he sent a psychoanalytic essay). Eventually published work with Freud in the International Journal of Psychoanalysis.
  • Young Adulthood and College: Studied at the University of Vienna Medical School. Influenced by Alfred Adler's psychology (which emphasized community and social reform). Met Sigmund Freud. Developed the term "logotherapy" in public lectures. His passion to help people overcome depression and find meaning in life is central. Had a relationship with Alfred Adler that declined and also developed a love for climbing mountains.
  • Organized Youth Counseling: Created free youth counseling centers for adolescents, focusing on school counseling at the end of terms (suicides decreasing with programs).

Life During WWII and Holocaust (1938-1945)

  • Annexation by Nazis: Austria annexed by Nazi Germany. Restrictions placed on Jewish doctors. Frankl was forced to change his name & became a "Fachbehandler" to continue practicing. Had to move his practice to his parents' home.
  • November Pogroms: Hundreds of Jews killed in the November pogroms. Frankl's family's Temple was destroyed.
  • Rothschild Hospital: Appointed to the neurological department at Rothschild Hospital, the only hospital open to Jews. Sabotaged Nazi procedures (e.g. false diagnoses to save patients) and extended protection to his family.
  • Concentration Camps: Frankl's family, wife, and mother were sent to concentration camps, many dying, Frankl was moved to other camps (Auschwitz, Theresienstadt). Experienced the psychological crises of the camps, organizing a response team. His wife and mother died and his brother.
  • Escaping via Italy: Frankl briefly tried to escape Via Italy with his first wife but they were sent to concentration camps.

Post-War Life (1945-1997)

  • Liberation: Liberated by US troops on April 27,1945. Became chief doctor at a military hospital for displaced persons. Concerned about his wife, found her dead, and found more family murdered in Auschwitz.
  • Man's Search for Meaning: His book written after the war, "Man's Search for Meaning," was published in 1959, translated into multiple languages and become an influential text in psychology and beyond.
  • Director of Vienna Neurological Policlinic: Director of the Vienna Neurological Policlinic. (held position for 25 years).
  • Marriage and Family: Married Eleonore Schwindt in 1947 and had a daughter named Gabriele.
  • University Professor: Guest professor at universities including Harvard. Took lecture tours in the US, South America, and Asia. Spoke at the prison.
  • Death (1997): Died of heart failure on September 2, 1997.

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Viktor Frankl Biography PDF

Description

Explore the early life and influential years of Viktor Frankl, the renowned psychiatrist and founder of logotherapy. This quiz covers his childhood in Vienna, education, and interactions with notable figures such as Sigmund Freud and Alfred Adler. Test your knowledge about his development and contributions to psychology.

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