Video Modeling for Conversation Skills
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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of using different colors to represent conversation skills?

  • To create visual distractions
  • To simplify complex conversations
  • To identify beliefs and motivations
  • To categorize conversations by emotional tone (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a form of video modeling mentioned?

  • Scripted models (correct)
  • Mixed models
  • Video self-modeling
  • Peer models

    • How are colors introduced when teaching conversation skills?

  • Based on the client's preference for colors
  • Only in specific settings to test understanding
  • All at once to avoid confusion
  • Gradually, one at a time over several conversations (correct)

    • What is a primary benefit of using video modeling for teaching skills to autistic clients?

    <p>Visual learners find it engaging and motivating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following skills can be taught through video modeling?

    <p>A wide range including play, social, academic, and communication skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What primary benefit does play provide in the development of cognitive skills?

    <p>Supports problem-solving abilities</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of play is characterized by children playing alone?

    <p>Solitary play</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In social stories, which type of sentence is used to provide information or descriptions?

    <p>Descriptive sentences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What kind of play assists children in developing symbolic thinking and flexible language use?

    <p>Pretend play</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stage of social play involves children playing next to each other but not directly interacting?

    <p>Parallel play</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following guidelines is important when creating social stories for children?

    <p>Ensure content is need-specific and neurodiverse-affirming</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common play problem observed in children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

    <p>Difficulty with turn-taking</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which developmental area is specifically enhanced through engaging in physical activities during play?

    <p>Motor skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of non-generative language?

    <p>Use of fixed phrases with no context</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes immediate echolalia from delayed echolalia?

    <p>Immediate echolalia involves repetition right after the original speech.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of language indicates flexibility and modification of familiar phrases?

    <p>Transitional Language</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of generative language?

    <p>Ability to create new sentences</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What describes neologisms in language?

    <p>Unique words created by individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes idiosyncratic phrasing?

    <p>Unique combinations that deviate from standard usage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is the Early Milestone Test (EMT) primarily effective for?

    <p>Children in early stages of language learning</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant aspect of the theoretical basis for EMT?

    <p>Combining principles from multiple theories</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be established first to understand what is maintaining problem behavior?

    <p>Use functional assessment techniques</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which communication modality can be chosen when addressing an individual's needs?

    <p>Augmentative and alternative communication (AAC)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When creating a teaching situation, what is essential to consider?

    <p>Create opportunities for communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of prompting communication in a learning setting?

    <p>To introduce alternative communication methods</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct sequence of fading prompts?

    <p>Full physical prompt, partial prompt, gestural prompts, verbal prompts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an appropriate strategy when teaching new communicative responses?

    <p>Introduce new forms of communication gradually</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of behavior is aimed at obtaining desired items or activities?

    <p>Tangible behavior</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be modified to improve student task match in a learning environment?

    <p>Environmental and curriculum changes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of affirmative sentences?

    <p>To reinforce positive behaviors and build confidence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which learning difference is characterized by the ability to understand others' thoughts and feelings?

    <p>Theory of Mind (TOM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the ICEBERG model represent regarding behavior?

    <p>Visible behaviors on the surface and underlying reasons for those behaviors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of organization provides clear physical boundaries and minimizes distractions?

    <p>Physical Organization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aspect is NOT a characteristic of visual supports?

    <p>Physical Appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main difference between daily schedules and work systems?

    <p>Work systems clarify expectations and provide step-by-step tasks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is behavior often interpreted in the context of ASD?

    <p>As a means of communication</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a key characteristic of visually structured tasks?

    <p>Combines and organizes steps for desired outcomes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the M-CHAT?

    <p>To screen for developmental delays in children aged 16-30 months.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what score range is a child considered to be at 'High Risk' on the M-CHAT?

    <p>8-20</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What best describes the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ)?

    <p>It assesses a child's social communication behaviors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which professionals are typically involved in an Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Team for ASD?

    <p>Pediatricians, psychologists, speech-language pathologists, and occupational therapists.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates Medical Diagnosis from Educational Diagnosis?

    <p>Medical Diagnosis is conducted for access to medical services.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant barrier faced by Primary Care Providers (PCPs) in diagnosing ASD?

    <p>They are often undertrained in recognizing ASD symptoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the genetic component relate to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

    <p>ASD has a complex genetic basis with high heritability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important skill typically observed in children by their 1st birthday?

    <p>Engagement in joint attention with others.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    ASD Early Signs/Characteristics

    • ASD prevalence is 1 in 36 children (CDC, 2023).
    • ASD is approximately 4.2 times more common in males.
    • Diagnosis rates vary due to cultural awareness, stigma, and access to healthcare services.
    • More diagnoses among non-Hispanic white children than non-Hispanic black children and Hispanic children.
    • Females are often diagnosed later due to subtler symptoms and "camouflage" behaviors.

    DSM-V Criteria

    • Two core domains: Social communication and interaction deficits, and restricted, repetitive behaviors and interests.
    • Diagnosis must specify with/without language impairment or with/without intellectual disability.

    Severity Levels

    • Level 1: Requires support; may have language but needs help with social interactions.
    • Level 2: Requires substantial support; more social interactions.
    • Level 3: Requires very substantial support; nonverbal.

    Autism as a Culture

    • Acknowledge strengths and unique characteristics of autistic individuals.
    • Moving away from red flags to early signs.

    Early Signs of Autism

    • Limited eye contact; delayed speech/language development; limited use of gestures; and preference for routines.
    • Detailed focus; strong memory skills; analytical thinking; and deep interest in specific topics.

    Difference Between Screening and Diagnosing

    • Screening: Quick, preliminary identification using tools like M-CHAT.
    • Diagnosis: Comprehensive evaluation by a multidisciplinary team using standardized tools (e.g., ADOS-2).

    Screening Guidelines

    • Routine screenings from the CDC at 9, 18, and 24-30 months are recommended.

    Gold Standard ASD Assessment

    • ADOS-2 (Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule): Direct assessment of communication, social interaction, play, and restricted/repetitive behaviors (40-60 minutes).
    • Age range: 12 months-adult.

    M-CHAT Process: Screener

    • Screening tool for children aged 16-30 months.
    • Involves a parent-completed questionnaire and a follow-up interview.
    • Risk levels: Low (0-2), Medium (3-7, requires follow-up), and High (8-20, immediate referral).

    Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ)

    • Used for children 4 years and older to assess social communication behaviors.
    • Lifetime- 40 questions focusing on entire development.

    Current-40 Questions

    • Focuses on the last 3 months.
    • Reviews medical history, direct observations, developmental and behavioral evaluations, parental interviews.

    Interdisciplinary Diagnostic Team

    • Includes pediatricians, psychologists, speech-language pathologists, and occupational therapists.

    Medical Diagnosis vs. Educational Diagnosis

    • Medical Diagnosis: Conducted by healthcare professionals for medical services access.
    • Educational Diagnosis: Conducted within the school system for support needs determination.

    Talking with Families About ASD

    • Use supportive language; highlight strengths; discuss findings; and provide resources.

    PCP Role in Diagnosing/Barriers

    • Early screening and referrals; barriers include time, training, and access to specialists.

    Genetic Component of ASD

    • ASD has a complex genetic basis with high heritability and various genetic variations.

    Language and Theory of Mind

    • Individuals' struggle with theory of mind (understanding others' thoughts and feelings).
    • Impacts social communication.

    Typical Language Development

    • Involves progression from babbling to single words, phrases, and complex sentences.
      • 6 months- generate own responses, demonstrations of joint engagement, nonverbal gestures to indicate an object of interest.
      • 1st Birthday- awareness of others, shared world, differences exist.
      • 12-15 months- value others, social exchange, respond to simple questions.

    Pragmatic Language

    • Challenges in understanding social cues, expressive/respective language, and nonverbal communication.
    • Often delayed.

    Sensory Processing Issues

    • Hypersensitivity: Oversensitivity to stimuli.
    • Hyposensitivity: Undersensitivity to stimuli (sensory seeking).
    • Joint Attention
    • Play
    • Theory of Mind
    • Language: simple sentences, errors in tense markers, understanding context, phonological processing, figurative language, and turn-taking
    • Echolalia (immediate or delayed repeating of words/phrases)
    • Perseverative Speech
    • Exessive Questioning

    Comprehensive Assessment of Language

    • Formal tools like PPVT, CELF, and OWLS.
    • Informal observations in natural settings.

    Stages of Natural Language Acquisition (NLA)

    • Development described by Marge Blanc.
    • GLPs (gestalt language processors) move from echolalia to spontaneous, flexible language.

    Idiosyncratic Language

    • Unique words/phrases not found in standard language

    Interventions to Support Communication

    • Who: Children in early language stages (MLU<=3.0).
    • Theoretical Bases: behavioral theory, social interactionist theory, and developmental approaches.
    • 6 stages of EMT:
      • Environmental Arrangement
      • Responsive Interaction

    Levels of DIR

    • Shared Attention and Regulation
    • Engagement and Relating
    • Two-Way Intentional Communication
    • Complex Problem Solving
    • Creative Representations
    • Representational Differentiation and Emotional Thinking

    Elements of Individual Processing Profile

    • Sensory Modulation
    • Sensory Processing
    • Motor Planning and Sequencing
    • Sensory-Affective Processing

    Functional Outcomes of DIR

    • Improved social-emotional engagement, communication, and flexible thinking.
    • Interdisciplinary understanding of child's development.

    Practical Requirements of DIR

    • Multidisciplinary collaboration and parent involvement.
    • Parent commitment to 6-8, 20-minute sessions throughout the day.
    • Certification in DIR is ideal.

    DIR Assessment Process

    • Observation-based assessment focusing on functional emotional developmental levels.

    DIR Type and Prognosis for Treatment

    • Categorizing engagement types to guide individualized interventions.

    DIR Data Collection

    • Use of Functional Emotional Assessment Scale (FEAS) for tracking progress.

    JASPER Model

    • Acronym: Joint Attention, Symbolic Play, Engagement, Regulation
    • Goal: Enhance social communication and play skills
    • Target Population: Children up to age 9, particularly those who are minimally verbal.
    • Functional Outcomes: Improved joint attention, play diversity, and engagement.

    Target Areas

    • Joint attention, symbolic play, and emotional regulation.

    Practical Requirements

    • 30-60 minute sessions, 2-4 times per week.

    JASPER Strategies

    • Includes imitation, modeling, and expanding play routines.

    Early Social Interaction (ESI)

    • Parent-implemented intervention aimed at improving developmental outcomes for toddlers at risk for or diagnosed with ASD.

    Key Components of ESI

    • Parent Implemented
    • Natural Environments
    • Family-Centered Framework

    ###Naturalistic Developmental Behavioral Interventions (NDBIs)

    • Integrates principles from ABA and developmentally appropriate strategies.
      • Natural Reinforcement
      • Modeling and Prompting
      • Fading Procedures
    • Goals of ESI
      • enhance social-communication skills
      • embed learning opportunities to promote skill generalization
      • parent empowerment supporting parents in developing skills.

    Executive Function and Social Communication Supports for Autistic Adults

    • Typical areas of support for autistic adults:
      • Sustained Attention
      • Working Memory
      • Time Management
      • Mental Flexibility
      • Emotional Regulation
      • Context Awareness/Social Communication

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    Description

    This quiz explores the use of video modeling as an effective teaching strategy for conversation skills, particularly for autistic clients. It covers color coding methods, benefits of video modeling, and identifies skills that can be taught using this approach.

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