Untitled Quiz

A model that clearly defines security responsibilities between a cloud provider and their customer. The provider manages cloud security (infrastructure, hardware, data centers), while the customer handles security within the cloud (data, applications, access management).

Dividing a network into separate virtual segments using VLANs. This ensures that if one segment is compromised, others remain unaffected, enhancing security.

The process of regularly updating and patching container images to address vulnerabilities and maintain security. This ensures that containers are running the latest, secure versions.

In a serverless architecture, functions are temporary and may not exist consistently. Therefore, security policies must adapt to manage these transient resources effectively.

A critical security risk associated with SCADA systems, where a cyber breach can lead to real-world physical consequences, including operational disruptions and safety hazards.

A common security risk associated with IoT devices, where they often have weak or default authentication mechanisms, making them vulnerable to unauthorized access.

Maintaining consistent security policies across both private and public cloud environments is challenging due to differing infrastructures and management tools in a hybrid cloud model.

Implementing code reviews and automated testing helps identify and rectify security issues within IaC scripts before deployment, ensuring infrastructure is provisioned securely and consistently.

Microservices architecture breaks applications into smaller, independent services, making each service a potential attack vector. Robust security measures are needed for communication between services and strong authentication and authorization.

The SDN controller is a central component that manages the network. If compromised, it can lead to widespread network vulnerabilities. Protecting the controller is crucial to ensure SDN security.

Maintaining updates and transferring data to air-gapped systems is challenging due to their isolation from unsecured networks, often requiring manual processes or physical media.

Securing the hypervisor against breaches is essential in a virtualized environment to prevent attackers from gaining control over all virtual machines.

In serverless environments, adopting stateless security practices and ensuring proper isolation between functions helps maintain security. Functions are transient and stateless, so security measures must adapt to this ephemeral nature.

Centralized architectures consolidate control and data in one location, creating a single point of failure. If the central system is compromised or fails, the entire organization could be affected.

Securing load balancers and clusters against attacks is crucial in high availability configurations to prevent them from becoming attack vectors that could disrupt services.

Network segmentation and proper access controls can isolate virtual machines from each other, reducing the risk of one VM compromising others.

Mutual TLS (mTLS) ensures that both parties in a communication are authenticated and that the data is encrypted, enhancing security in microservices architectures.

Implementing code reviews and automated security scanning in the IaC workflow helps detect and prevent malicious code injections, ensuring that infrastructure is deployed securely.

Regularly updating and scanning container images helps identify and address vulnerabilities, ensuring that containers remain secure.

Decentralized systems distribute data across multiple nodes, making it more robust against tampering and eliminating single points of failure, enhancing security by ensuring that no single node can compromise the entire system.

Securing the communication channels between cluster nodes is essential to prevent unauthorized access and potential breaches within the cluster in a highly available system.

Centralized security management tools that support hybrid environments enable consistent application of security policies across both on-premises and cloud services.

Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) used in medical devices require strict timing and reliability to ensure proper functionality. They must also incorporate robust security measures to protect against breaches, as failures can have serious real-world consequences.

Logical Segmentation using VLANs or subnetting divides the network into distinct segments, ensuring that a compromise in one segment does not affect others. This protects the entire network.

Ensuring that third-party vendors adhere to robust security standards is essential to prevent introducing vulnerabilities into the organization's environment when integrating third-party solutions.

Regularly updating and patching load balancer software is crucial to protect against vulnerabilities and ensure the high availability setup remains secure.

Integrating automated security linting and compliance checks into the IaC pipeline helps identify and remediate security vulnerabilities in configurations before deployment.

Air-gapped systems are physically isolated from unsecured networks, including the internet, providing a high level of security against remote attacks. This isolation prevents unauthorized access and data breaches originating from online threats.

Decentralized systems like blockchain distribute data across multiple nodes, making it more robust against tampering and eliminating single points of failure. This enhances security by ensuring that no single node can compromise the entire system.

Changing default passwords to strong, unique passwords is essential to secure IoT devices against unauthorized access.

Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) divide a physical network into separate virtual segments, isolating traffic and limiting impact in case of compromise.

Regularly updating and patching container images ensures that containers are running the latest, most secure software versions and reduces vulnerability risks.

Serverless functions are transient and ephemeral, requiring security policies that cater to their temporary nature and handle security considerations for each invocation.

SCADA systems control physical infrastructure, making their cyber vulnerabilities a serious concern because breaches can have real-world physical consequences, such as operational disruptions or safety hazards.

IoT devices often have weak authentication mechanisms, making them vulnerable to unauthorized access and exploitation.

Maintaining consistent security policies across both private and public cloud environments is challenging due to differing infrastructures and management tools in hybrid cloud models.

Code reviews and automated testing help identify and rectify security issues within Infrastructure as Code (IaC) scripts before deployment, ensuring that infrastructure is provisioned securely.

Microservices architecture increases potential attack vectors due to the numerous independent services, necessitating robust security measures for communication between services.

The SDN controller, a central part of Software-defined Networking (SDN), is a potential vulnerability. If compromised, it can lead to widespread network security issues.

Keeping systems isolated from unsecured networks like the internet enhances security, but it poses a challenge for updating systems and transferring data, as these processes often require manual methods or physical media.

Securing the hypervisor, which manages virtual machines, is essential to protect the entire virtualized environment against breaches, preventing attackers from gaining control over all virtual machines.

Leveraging stateless security practices and ensuring proper function isolation in serverless environments, where functions are transient, is crucial to maintain security as each invocation is independent and temporary.

Centralized systems consolidate control and data in one location, creating a single point of failure where if compromised or unavailable, the entire organization is affected.

Load balancers and clusters, key parts of high availability configurations, need robust security measures to prevent them from becoming attack vectors and disrupting services.

Network segmentation and proper access controls isolate VMs, preventing malicious actors within one VM from compromising others, enhancing security in a virtualized environment.

Mutual TLS (mTLS) ensures both parties in service-to-service communication within microservices architecture are authenticated and data is encrypted, enhancing security compared to plain HTTP or unrestricted communication.

Code reviews and automated security scanning help identify and prevent malicious code injections in Infrastructure as Code (IaC) scripts, ensuring secure infrastructure configuration and deployment.

Regularly updating and scanning container images for vulnerabilities helps maintain security in containerized environments, addressing vulnerabilities before they can be exploited.

Decentralized systems distribute data across multiple nodes, reducing the risk of a single point of failure and making it more robust against tampering, enhancing security.

Securing communication channels between cluster nodes in highly available systems is essential to prevent unauthorized access and potential breaches within the cluster.

Centralized security management tools that support hybrid environments enable consistent application of security policies across both on-premises and cloud services, ensuring unified security across the organization.

Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) in medical devices require strict timing and reliability to function correctly and robust security measures to protect against breaches, as failures can have serious consequences.

Logical Segmentation using VLANs or subnetting divides the network into distinct segments, ensuring that a compromise in one segment does not affect others, enhancing overall network security.

Ensuring that third-party vendors adhere to robust security standards is crucial to prevent introducing vulnerabilities into an organization's environment when integrating third-party solutions.

Regularly updating and patching load balancer software is crucial to protect against vulnerabilities and ensure that the high availability setup remains secure.

Integrating automated security linting and compliance checks into the Infrastructure as Code (IaC) pipeline helps identify and remediate security vulnerabilities in configurations before deployment.

Air-gapped systems are physically isolated from unsecured networks, including the internet, providing a high level of security against remote attacks by preventing unauthorized access and data breaches originating from online threats.

Decentralized blockchain systems distribute data across multiple nodes, making it more robust against tampering and eliminating single points of failure, which enhances security by ensuring that no single node can compromise the entire system.

Changing default passwords to strong, unique passwords is essential to secure IoT devices against unauthorized access, as leaving default passwords unchanged is a significant security risk.

A model that defines security responsibilities between a cloud provider and their customer. The provider handles cloud infrastructure security, while the customer manages data, applications, and access within the cloud.

Separating a network into distinct segments to enhance secure communication and prevent cross-communication. For example, using VLANs to isolate traffic between different departments.

The process of regularly updating and patching software and containers to address vulnerabilities and maintain security. This ensures that systems are running the latest, most secure versions.

Protecting data from unauthorized access by encrypting it while stored and during transmission. This prevents data from being read by anyone except authorized parties.

Implementing strong login processes and verifying user permissions before granting access to resources. This prevents unauthorized users from gaining access to sensitive data.

Configuring robust logging systems to monitor activity and identify potential attacks. This allows security teams to detect suspicious events and respond quickly to incidents.

Regularly reviewing security practices and implementing necessary changes to maintain a secure environment. This ensures that security measures remain effective and adapt to evolving threats.

Building security into every stage of software development to prevent vulnerabilities from being introduced in the first place. This helps ensure that applications are secure by design.

Educating employees about security risks and best practices to minimize human error. This helps create a culture of security awareness within the organization.

Developing a plan to handle security incidents effectively. This outlines steps to be taken in case of a breach, including containment, remediation, and recovery.

Using automated tools to scan applications and infrastructure for vulnerabilities and security misconfigurations. This helps identify and address potential issues before they can be exploited by attackers.

Break down applications into smaller, independent services, each with its own dedicated purpose. This makes applications more flexible and scalable but also increases the potential attack surface.

A central component that manages network traffic and communication within a network. If compromised, it can lead to widespread security issues.

Systems physically isolated from unsecured networks, including the internet, to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches. This provides a high level of security, but it can be challenging to manage updates and data transfers.

Virtual machines (VMs) run on a hypervisor, which manages the underlying hardware and resources. Securing the hypervisor is crucial to prevent attackers from gaining control over all VMs.

A common security risk associated with IoT devices, often having weak authentication mechanisms or using default passwords, making them vulnerable to unauthorized access.

Maintaining consistent security policies across both private and public cloud environments can be challenging due to differing infrastructures and management tools in a hybrid cloud model.

The process of changing default passwords to strong, unique passwords and disabling default accounts to enhance security on IoT devices.

Virtual Local Area Networks (VLANs) divide a physical network into separate virtual segments, isolating traffic and limiting impact in case of compromise. This creates a more secure network with fewer potential entry points for attackers.

Centralized systems consolidate control and data in one location, creating a single point of failure. If the central system is compromised or fails, the entire organization could be affected.

The use of multiple authentication mechanisms, such as passwords, two-factor authentication, or biometrics, to make unauthorized access more difficult.

The process of breaking down applications into smaller, independent services, each with its own dedicated purpose. This makes applications more flexible and scalable, but it also increases the potential attack surface as each service can potentially be targeted.

Using strong, unique passwords for each device, application, or service to prevent attackers from using the same password to access multiple systems.

Automated security scanning can identify and prevent potential breaches within the IaC workflow, ensuring that infrastructure is provisioned and deployed securely.

The use of a secure messaging protocol, such as TLS/SSL, for communication between services. This ensures that data is encrypted during transit and protected from unauthorized access.

The process of regularly updating and patching software and containers to address vulnerabilities and maintain security. This includes scanning container images for vulnerabilities before they are deployed.

Implementing secure development practices throughout the software development lifecycle to mitigate vulnerabilities. This includes code reviews, security testing, and secure coding practices.

In serverless environments, adopting stateless security practices and ensuring proper function isolation helps maintain security. Each invocation is independent, so security measures must adapt to this ephemeral nature.

Securing load balancers and clusters against attacks is crucial in high availability configurations to prevent them from becoming attack vectors that could disrupt services.