Lecture 27 – Metabolism

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Questions and Answers

What is metabolism primarily concerned with?

  • Reproduction of cells
  • Cellular communication
  • Growth of organisms
  • Energy conversions and chemical processes (correct)

What are the two main processes of metabolism?

  • Fermentation and glycolysis
  • Oxidation and reduction
  • Photosynthesis and respiration
  • Anabolism and catabolism (correct)

Which process converts light energy into chemical potential energy?

  • Photosynthesis (correct)
  • Fermentation
  • Glycolysis
  • Cellular respiration

According to the first law of thermodynamics, what happens to energy in a system?

<p>It is constant and can only be converted. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of energy in a biological context?

<p>The ability to maintain homeostasis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a biochemical reaction, what does ΔH represent?

<p>Change in energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of reaction is characterized by the release of energy?

<p>Exothermic reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the second law of thermodynamics state about entropy?

<p>It is always increasing in an isolated system. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is Gibbs Free Energy (ΔG) used to predict?

<p>The spontaneity of a reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If ΔG is negative, what does this indicate about the reaction?

<p>The reaction proceeds spontaneously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does it mean if ΔG is positive?

<p>The reaction is unfavorable or not spontaneous. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs when ΔG equals zero?

<p>The system is in dynamic equilibrium. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true regarding ΔG?

<p>It indicates whether a reaction will occur spontaneously. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between heat lost (Q) and work done (W) in a system?

<p>Energy change is the sum of Q and W. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary source of energy for most biological processes?

<p>ATP (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In biological systems, how does pressure and volume change during a reaction?

<p>Neither pressure nor volume change significantly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes an endergonic reaction?

<p>ΔG is positive. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Anabolic processes involve:

<p>Synthesizing larger molecules from smaller ones. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of catabolic processes?

<p>To break down complex molecules and release energy. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term "dynamic equilibrium" imply in a biochemical context?

<p>Reactions are occurring at equal rates in both directions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why might a reaction with a negative ΔG still not occur rapidly?

<p>The activation energy is too high. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following factors can influence the rate of metabolic reactions?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do metabolic pathways often involve?

<p>A series of interconnected enzymatic reactions. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How is energy stored in biological systems?

<p>As ATP and other high-energy molecules (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of increasing entropy in a system?

<p>It can drive spontaneous reactions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes a system at equilibrium?

<p>Reactants are converted to products at equal rates. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a biochemical reaction, what does the term "exergonic" imply about the free energy change?

<p>It is negative. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true regarding enzymes in metabolic reactions?

<p>They lower the activation energy barrier. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role does ATP play in metabolism?

<p>It provides energy for cellular processes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary consequence of a reaction being endothermic?

<p>It requires energy input from the surroundings. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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