Nervous System: Lecture 1

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Questions and Answers

What type of receptors provide information about internal organs?

Somatic receptors

Visceral receptors (correct)

Cranial receptors

Spinal receptors

What type of regulation is provided by the autonomic nervous system?

Motor regulation

Involuntary regulation (correct)

Sensory regulation

Voluntary regulation

What type of information is provided by somatic receptors and sensory neurons?

Information about smooth muscle contractions

Information about cardiac muscle contractions

Information about internal organs

Information about position, touch, pressure, pain, and temperature (correct)

What is the main difference between afferent and efferent?

Afferent is sensory, efferent is motor Signup and view all the answers

What type of neurons are involved in providing information about internal organs?

Sensory neurons Signup and view all the answers

What is sytem is responsible for flight or flight?

Sympathetic nervous system Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of the Hands-off system?

More than one Signup and view all the answers

What type of reactions are involved in the Hands-on system?

Postural reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the sensation of pain?

Nociception Signup and view all the answers

What is the main objective of a neurological examination?

To localize the problem Signup and view all the answers

What are the two major subdivisions of the mammalian nervous system?

Central and peripheral nervous systems Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of sensory neurons?

To receive and process sensory information Signup and view all the answers

What is protected by the armor skull and vertebrae?

The brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of motor neurons?

To carry motor commands from the CNS Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

To connect the CNS to the limbs and organs Signup and view all the answers

What is the central nervous system (CNS) composed of?

Brain and spinal cord Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of afferent neurons?

To bring information to the CNS from receptors Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of efferent neurons?

To carry motor commands from the CNS Signup and view all the answers

What is NOT a subdivision of the peripheral nervous system?

Brain Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

The Mammalian Nervous System

The mammalian nervous system has 2 major subdivisions: Central Nervous System (CNS) and Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Comprises the brain and spinal cord
Protected by armor-like skull and vertebrae

Peripheral Nervous System (PNS)

Consists of receptors, nerves, and ganglia
Connects the CNS to limbs and organs

Sensory Neurons

Receives and processes sensory information
Initiates responses, stores memories, and generates thoughts and emotions
Brings information to the CNS from receptors in peripheral tissues and organs

Motor Neurons

Carries motor commands from the CNS to peripheral tissues and systems
Conducts signals to and from the brain, controlling reflex activities
Controls skeletal muscle contractions (voluntary control)

Neurological Examination

Main objective: to understand the patient's problem and locate the lesion
Hands-off examination: assesses level of consciousness, content of consciousness, posture, and gait
Hands-on examination: assesses cranial nerves, postural reactions, spinal nerves, and nociception (sensitivity to painful stimuli)