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Questions and Answers
What does the presence of a very small vulva in early mated heifers suggest?
What does the presence of a very small vulva in early mated heifers suggest?
- Prolonged unhygienic interference (correct)
- Severe laceration or perforation in the birth canal
- Early mated heifers
- Normal physiological condition
What does excessive vulval edema indicate?
What does excessive vulval edema indicate?
- Normal physiological condition
- Fresh profuse bloody discharge
- Prolonged unhygienic interference (correct)
- Juvenile vulva
What does odorless fetal fluid indicate?
What does odorless fetal fluid indicate?
- Fresh profuse bloody discharge
- Severe laceration or perforation in the birth canal
- Life fetus (correct)
- Prolonged unhygienic interference
What may completely dry vulval lips indicate?
What may completely dry vulval lips indicate?
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What does the presence of old scar on the vulval lips indicate?
What does the presence of old scar on the vulval lips indicate?
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Study Notes
General Clinical Examination
- If the parturient animal is standing, inspection of certain signs may be sufficient for the obstetrician.
- If the animal lies down and is unable to rise, severe signs of fatigue are present, and the following measurements should be taken:
- Temperature
- Pulse and heartbeats
- Respiratory rate
- Color of the mucus membrane
Special Outer Examination
- Inspection of the udder:
- Size
- Degree of edema
- Content (Colostrum)
- Inspection of the pelvic diaphragm:
- Degree of relaxation
- Inspection of the external indicator for the bony birth canal dimension:
- Wide or narrow
- Inspection of the external genitalia:
- Presence of any fetus or fetal membrane parts:
- If absent: early dilatation stage, tortion, or inertia
- If present:
- Moist, glistening, or with fluid in their folds: fresh case
- Dry, edematous, and/or cyanosed: prolonged case of dystocia
- Presence of any abnormal parts:
- Intestine or other visceral organs: uterine rupture or Schistosoma reflexus fetus presented ventrally
- Presence of any fetus or fetal membrane parts:
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Description
Test your knowledge on the examination process for parturient animals in veterinary obstetrics, including general clinical examination and special outer examination techniques.
