Veterinary Dentistry

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Questions and Answers

What is a primary reason for providing routine dental care to pets?

To ensure pets have straight teeth

To enhance pet grooming experiences

To prevent halitosis (correct)

To stimulate the appetite of pets

Which type of teeth are characterized by a large reserve crown and continuous growth?

Brachydont

Diphyodont

Hypsodont (correct)

Exodontic

What dental procedures fall under the category of endodontic treatments?

Tooth extractions

Teeth cleaning

Filling cavities

Root canal treatments (correct)

According to AVMA regulations, what tasks may veterinarians delegate regarding dental care?

Charting and taking dental radiographs Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of plaque in veterinary dentistry?

A soft film formed from food particles and bacteria Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes a complicated crown fracture?

The fracture involves the crown and exposes the pulp. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fracture is confined only to the enamel?

Enamel fracture Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of periodontal disease?

It consistently leads to attachment loss and tooth mobility. Signup and view all the answers

What type of tooth resorption is common in feline patients?

Forl Signup and view all the answers

In the progression of periodontal disease, what happens as bacteria proliferate?

Oxygen demand increases, shifting to Gram-negative anaerobic bacteria. Signup and view all the answers

What is defined as the abnormal breakdown of the crowns of teeth?

Attrition Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms describes the condition where the mandible is shorter than the maxilla?

Brachygnathism Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal sulcus depth for feline dentition?

0-1mm Signup and view all the answers

What type of dental issue is gingivitis?

Inflammation of the gingival tissue Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'furcation' refer to in dental terminology?

The area where the roots of a multirooted tooth divide Signup and view all the answers

What is the main cause of caries?

Bacterial decay from oral bacteria Signup and view all the answers

In terms of calculus and tartar buildup, which area is commonly affected?

Beneath the salivary ducts Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is characterized by severe ulcerative inflammation of the gingival mucosa?

Stomatitis Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Dentistry Charting - VET2210

Routine dental care is crucial for pets, preventing halitosis and oral bacteria from spreading to internal organs (heart, liver, kidneys).
It preserves client/patient and client/clinic bonds, and adheres to best practice standards.
Veterinarians can delegate dental procedures that do not impact tooth shape/structure or position.
Examples of delegated tasks include root planing, charting, creating molds, dental radiographs , and administering nerve blocks.

Veterinary Dental Terminology

Brachydont: Small crowns, well-developed roots. (Humans, pigs, carnivores)
Hypsodont: Large crown beneath gingiva, continual growth throughout life.
Radicular: Horses
Aradicular (Elondont): Rodents
Diphyodont: Two sets of teeth in a lifetime.
Exodontic: Teeth extraction procedures.
Endodontic: Treatments inside the tooth (pulp/root canal)
Plaque: Soft, sticky film on teeth from food, saliva, bacteria, and dead cells.
Calculus (Tartar): Thick, calcified plaque, combined with saliva minerals (calcium phosphate) to harden.
Malocclusion: Incorrect alignment of teeth or jaws.
Anisognathism: Maxilla wider than mandible (can be normal)
Brachygnathism: Mandible shorter than maxilla (overbite)
Prognathism: Mandible longer than maxilla (underbite)
Caries: Bacterial tooth decay triggered by oral bacteria fermenting carbohydrates.
Attrition: Abnormal breakdown of tooth crowns (Tennis balls & bones)
Furcation: Area where multi-rooted teeth roots divide (measured with probe).
Sulcus: Space between marginal gingiva and the tooth

Dentition

Triadan Quadrants System for tooth numbering.
Systems for numbering canine and feline teeth.
Normal occlusion is presented in images.
Dental formulas for animals (dog, cat, pig, sheep; bovine, horse, ferret) are presented.
Juvenile teeth eruption timetable (puppy, kitten, dog, cat) presented, including primary and permanent teeth.

Oral Mucosa

Gingivitis: Gingival tissue inflammation, forming a red line at the gum-tooth junction.
Stomatitis: Severe ulcerative inflammation of the gingival mucosa, potentially spreading to the oropharynx and larynx.

Calculus and Tartar

Calculus: Calcified buildup of debris/bacteria on teeth.
Graded on a 0-4 scale (0=no observable calculus).
Quantified as mild, moderate, or severe.
Often forms beneath salivary ducts (carnassial teeth).
Thickness is measure in millimeters.

Mobility

Using dental probe, evaluate movement of each tooth.
Assess and note tooth movement as normal.
Mobility increases as periodontal attachment loss becomes larger.
Multiple stages of mobility.

Sulcus Depth

Sulcus is the space between marginal gingiva and the tooth (measured with probe).
Canine sulcus depth: 0–3mm
Feline sulcus depth: 0–1mm
Calibration lines used for probe measurements.
Probe is systematically moved around tooth.

Gingival/Alveolar Changes

Non-neoplastic changes include gingival recession, gingival hyperplasia, alveolitis, and epulis.
Neoplastic changes include squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), most common in cats, melanoma, osteosarcoma, and other miscellaneous tumors.

Furcations

Measuring furcation depth with probes to evaluate tissue and bone encapsulation of the furcation
Stages of furcation include different depths and presence / absence of bone
Furcation involvement stages are used to identify the existence of issues.
Feel/appearance of the furcation is smooth

Crown Lesions

Slab fractures, enamel wear, FORL (tooth resorption): Enamel/tooth fractures in felines, commonly found, and much less common in canines
Caries

Types of Fractures

Enamel fractures (involving enamel only)
Uncomplicated crown fractures(crown only, no pulp exposure)
Complicated crown fractures(crown that exposes the pulp)
Uncomplicated crown-root fractures (crown and root surfaces, no pulp exposure)
Complicated crown-root fractures (crown and root involved, pulp exposure)
Root fracture (involving the root of the tooth)

Charting - Grading Periodontal Disease

Periodontal Disease Stages:
Stage 1 (Gingivitis): Inflammation of the gingival margin, plaque covering teeth.
Stage 2 (Early Periodontitis): Inflammation extends, subgingival calculus (tartar) develops, bad breath, pain affects eating/behavior.
Stage 3 (Moderate Periodontitis): Severe attachment loss, red/bleeding gums, chronic infection.
Stage 4 (Advanced Periodontitis): Extensive destruction, possible organ damage from bacteria spreading through bloodstream.

What is Periodontal Disease?

A progressive disease damaging oral tissues and structures (teeth), leading to attachment loss, inflammation, infection, and decay.
Starts with plaque accumulation and bacteria proliferation.
Early stages often Gram-positive bacteria, shifted to Gram-negative anaerobic as oxygen demand increases in the mouth.
Endotoxins are produced, causing inflammation, tissue damage and a resulting increase in depth of the sulcus and tooth mobility.

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Description

Explore the essential concepts of veterinary dentistry in VET2210. This quiz covers routine dental care for pets, critical terminology, and procedures that veterinarians can delegate. Enhance your understanding of dental functions and terminology crucial for veterinary practice.

Veterinary Dentistry - VET2210

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