Veterinary Blood Transfusion Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended amount of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) to transfuse for a stable dog to raise PCV by 1%?

BW{kg} div 1.5

BW{kg} times 1.5 (correct)

BW{kg} \times 1

BW{kg} times 2

What is the recommended amount of fresh whole blood (FWB) to transfuse for a stable dog to raise PCV by 1%?

$BW_{kg} \div 2$

$BW_{kg} \times 3$

$BW_{kg} \times 1.5$

$BW_{kg} \times 2$ (correct)

What is the revised formula for the amount of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) to raise PCV by 1% in dogs, according to recent studies?

$1ml/kg$

$0.5ml/kg$

$1.5ml/kg$ (correct)

$2ml/kg$

What is the recommended amount of fresh whole blood (FWB) to transfuse for a stable feline to raise PCV by 1%?

$BW_{kg} \times 2$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) to transfuse for a 30kg dog to raise PCV by 5%?

$225ml$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of packed red blood cells (pRBCs) to transfuse for a 45kg dog to raise PCV by 5%?

$337.5ml$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of fresh whole blood (FWB) to transfuse for a 4.5kg cat to raise PCV by 1%?

$9ml$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to transfuse for a 20kg dog to raise PCV by 1%?

$30ml$ Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended amount of fresh whole blood (FWB) to transfuse for a 25kg dog to raise PCV by 1%?

$50ml$ Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential reason for transfusing fresh whole blood?

To replace multiple components in cases of massive hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

When would you consider using platelet products in a transfusion?

When there is a deficiency in clotting factors VIII and V Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential risk of transfusion mentioned in the text?

Transfusion reactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of transfusing fresh frozen plasma (FFP)?

To replace functional coagulation factors and fibrinogen Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand 'when to transfuse'?

To avoid unnecessary transfusions and their potential risks Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential consequence of transfusion without considering the 'why'?

Increased risk of unnecessary transfusions Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to understand 'how much to transfuse'?

To avoid complications and risks associated with over-transfusion Signup and view all the answers

Why is understanding antigens and antibodies crucial in blood transfusions?

To ensure donor-recipient compatibility and prevent immune-mediated destruction of transfused RBCs Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of crossmatching in blood transfusions?

To test for compatibility beyond blood typing and prevent immune-mediated destruction of transfused RBCs Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential consequence of mismatching donor and recipient blood types in a transfusion?

Immune-mediated destruction of transfused RBCs Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended storage temperature for pRBCs in a blood bank?

1-6°C for 20-37 days Signup and view all the answers

What are the blood types in dogs and cats mentioned in the text?

DEA 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, Dal, Kai 1/Kai 2, A, B, AB, Mik Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential risk of xenotransfusion in veterinary medicine?

Development of antibodies in the recipient Signup and view all the answers

What are the in-house blood typing methods for dogs mentioned in the text?

Immunochromatographic strip typing and card typing Signup and view all the answers

What is the decision of when to transfuse RBCs based on in veterinary medicine?

Not based on a single 'transfusion trigger' PCV for all patients and varies by the clinical scenario Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of newer 'cage-side' crossmatching techniques in veterinary medicine?

To simplify the crossmatching process and improve user-friendliness and accuracy Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Blood Transfusion in Veterinary Medicine

Packed red blood cells (pRBCs) are obtained by spinning whole blood and separating plasma from pRBCs, which contain mainly RBCs and minimal plasma.
pRBCs are commonly used in blood banks and are stored at 1-6°C for 20-37 days, with older pRBCs leading to increased storage lesions.
Leukoreduction, which involves removing white blood cells from blood prior to storage, aims to reduce immunomodulation, non-hemolytic febrile reactions, and some storage lesions.
The decision of when to transfuse RBCs is not based on a single "transfusion trigger" PCV for all patients and varies by the clinical scenario.
Understanding antigens and antibodies is crucial in blood transfusions, as blood types and the presence of alloantibodies can determine donor-recipient compatibility.
Blood types in dogs and cats include DEA 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, Dal, Kai 1/Kai 2, A, B, AB, and Mik, with each having different compatibility requirements.
In-house blood typing methods for dogs include immunochromatographic strip typing and card typing, with severe anemia potentially affecting the accuracy of results.
Compatibility between donor and recipient blood types is vital, as mismatching can lead to immune-mediated destruction of transfused RBCs.
Xenotransfusion, where blood from one species is transfused to another, is possible in certain situations, but the development of antibodies in the recipient poses risks.
Crossmatching, which involves testing for compatibility beyond blood typing, is essential due to the presence of other RBC antigens and the potential for antibody development.
The decision on how much to transfuse depends on the patient's stability and whether they are actively bleeding, with specific calculations used to determine the volume of blood needed.
Newer "cage-side" crossmatching techniques aim to simplify the process and make it less impacted by auto-agglutination, potentially improving user-friendliness and accuracy.

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Description

Test your knowledge of blood transfusion in veterinary medicine with this quiz. Explore topics such as packed red blood cells, leukoreduction, blood types in dogs and cats, in-house blood typing methods, donor-recipient compatibility, crossmatching, and transfusion volume calculations.