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Questions and Answers
The discovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) has greatly facilitated living cell experiments because:
The discovery of green fluorescent protein (GFP) has greatly facilitated living cell experiments because:
Endoglycosidase D is a useful reagent because it allows scientists to distinguish glycosylated proteins that:
Endoglycosidase D is a useful reagent because it allows scientists to distinguish glycosylated proteins that:
Yeast sec mutations:
Yeast sec mutations:
Cell-free transport assays:
Cell-free transport assays:
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The first step in the secretory pathway that should be inhibited by a non-functional mutant of NSF is:
The first step in the secretory pathway that should be inhibited by a non-functional mutant of NSF is:
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Given the wild type (normal) yeast on the left and the mutant yeast on the right, identify the defective phenotype for the mutant.
Given the wild type (normal) yeast on the left and the mutant yeast on the right, identify the defective phenotype for the mutant.
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Vesicle budding recruits proteins that are needed for subsequent:
Vesicle budding recruits proteins that are needed for subsequent:
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The presence of clathrin mediates vesicular transport:
The presence of clathrin mediates vesicular transport:
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Which of the following small GTPases are NOT involved in vesicle budding or docking?
Which of the following small GTPases are NOT involved in vesicle budding or docking?
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If Sar1 is inserted into the membrane:
If Sar1 is inserted into the membrane:
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Proteins that function in the ER will encounter which of the following?
Proteins that function in the ER will encounter which of the following?
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What phenotype would be observed in a cell containing a nonhydrolyzable form of ATP with respect to the vesicles of the secretory pathway?
What phenotype would be observed in a cell containing a nonhydrolyzable form of ATP with respect to the vesicles of the secretory pathway?
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COPI coat proteins mediate ______ transport between the Golgi apparatus and other organelles.
COPI coat proteins mediate ______ transport between the Golgi apparatus and other organelles.
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Which of the following is a forward transport sorting signal acting at the ER?
Which of the following is a forward transport sorting signal acting at the ER?
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Soluble and membrane proteins advance through the Golgi complex by:
Soluble and membrane proteins advance through the Golgi complex by:
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Protein sorting of anterograde cargo to different destinations within the Golgi complex occurs in the:
Protein sorting of anterograde cargo to different destinations within the Golgi complex occurs in the:
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In hepatocytes, the process by which apically destined proteins travel from the basolateral region across the cell before fusing with the apical membrane is called:
In hepatocytes, the process by which apically destined proteins travel from the basolateral region across the cell before fusing with the apical membrane is called:
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The mannose 6-phosphate residue is important, as it is required to target soluble enzymes to the lysosome. The two enzymes responsible for attaching this residue onto these soluble enzymes reside in the:
The mannose 6-phosphate residue is important, as it is required to target soluble enzymes to the lysosome. The two enzymes responsible for attaching this residue onto these soluble enzymes reside in the:
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In MDCK cells, which of the following is a sorting signal that allows proteins to be targeted to the apical membrane?
In MDCK cells, which of the following is a sorting signal that allows proteins to be targeted to the apical membrane?
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The LDL receptor is a receptor for:
The LDL receptor is a receptor for:
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Lipoproteins are effective in transporting lipid molecules in an aqueous environment because their surface layer is:
Lipoproteins are effective in transporting lipid molecules in an aqueous environment because their surface layer is:
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Acidification of endosomes is important in dissociating:
Acidification of endosomes is important in dissociating:
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Formation of the late endosome/multivesicular endosome occurs by mechanisms similar to those of:
Formation of the late endosome/multivesicular endosome occurs by mechanisms similar to those of:
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An important molecule for generating fatty acids in the cell enters via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The complex formed between the receptor on the plasma membrane and the important molecule is stable only at neutral pH. Based on this knowledge, you would predict:
An important molecule for generating fatty acids in the cell enters via receptor-mediated endocytosis. The complex formed between the receptor on the plasma membrane and the important molecule is stable only at neutral pH. Based on this knowledge, you would predict:
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The topogenic sequence of transferrin must include:
The topogenic sequence of transferrin must include:
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Receptor-mediated endocytosis of iron-carrying transferrin results in:
Receptor-mediated endocytosis of iron-carrying transferrin results in:
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The mannose 6-phosphate residue is important, as it is required to target soluble enzymes to the lysosome. The two enzymes responsible for attaching this residue onto these soluble enzymes reside in the trans-Golgi.
The mannose 6-phosphate residue is important, as it is required to target soluble enzymes to the lysosome. The two enzymes responsible for attaching this residue onto these soluble enzymes reside in the trans-Golgi.
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Which of the following is TRUE about lysosomes?
Which of the following is TRUE about lysosomes?
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Flashcards
GFP's value in cell experiments
GFP's value in cell experiments
GFP sequences can be easily fused with other proteins, allowing researchers to track their movement and location within cells.
Endoglycosidase D use
Endoglycosidase D use
Endoglycosidase D identifies glycosylated proteins remaining in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
Yeast sec mutations
Yeast sec mutations
Yeast sec mutations often reveal information about secretory pathway mechanisms, but they don't always point to one specific problem/mechanism.
Cell-free transport assays
Cell-free transport assays
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VSV G protein's roles
VSV G protein's roles
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Golgi vesicle direction
Golgi vesicle direction
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NSF mutant effect
NSF mutant effect
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Yeast mutant phenotype
Yeast mutant phenotype
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Vesicle budding function
Vesicle budding function
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Clathrin and vesicular transport
Clathrin and vesicular transport
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Small GTPases not in budding/docking
Small GTPases not in budding/docking
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Coat protein recruitment
Coat protein recruitment
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SNARE protein's function
SNARE protein's function
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Sar1 membrane insertion
Sar1 membrane insertion
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ER protein encounter
ER protein encounter
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Nonhydrolyzable ATP affect
Nonhydrolyzable ATP affect
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COPI coat protein role
COPI coat protein role
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ER forward sorting signal
ER forward sorting signal
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Golgi protein movement
Golgi protein movement
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LDL receptor's target
LDL receptor's target
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Anterograde cargo sorting
Anterograde cargo sorting
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Lysosome cargo targeting
Lysosome cargo targeting
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Apical membrane sorting signal
Apical membrane sorting signal
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Clathrin vesicle pinching
Clathrin vesicle pinching
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Autophagy
Autophagy
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Endosome acidification importance
Endosome acidification importance
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Study Notes
Vesicular Traffic, Secretion, and Endocytosis
- GFP (green fluorescent protein) discovery facilitated living cell experiments due to its ability to fuse with other proteins.
- Endoglycosidase D distinguishes glycosylated proteins that remain in the ER.
- Yeast sec mutations provide insight into mechanisms but may affect non-essential genes.
- Cell-free transport assays offer evidence for secretory pathway analysis, assess glycosylation status, and test protein effects.
- VSV G protein analysis is useful due to its temperature-sensitive folding properties permitting protein synthesis and inhibitor use in experiments.
- Vesicles' movement direction in VSV G-based systems is determined through isolating and characterizing vesicles.
- NSF, a protein in the secretory pathway, is implicated in inhibiting ER-to-Golgi transport.
- Identifying defective phenotype in relation to wild-type yeast.
- Role of vesicle budding, trafficking, and membrane fusion in the secretory pathway for correct movement of proteins through the system.
- COPI, COPII proteins, and GTPases' association in vesicle transport in various cellular locations.
- SNARE proteins' role in membrane fusion; their pairing mechanisms for vesicle and target membrane association.
- Protein sorting signals and how specific enzymes are targeted to particular locations.
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis involving proteins in internalizing different molecules.
- Autophagy process and regulation for cellular cleaning.
- Role of pH in facilitating protein dissociation for different targets.
- Sorting signals for proteins targeted to apical membranes in MDCK cells.
- Clathrin-coated vesicles pinching off through a process mediated by the GTPase Dynamin.
- LDL receptor and its role in targeting apolipoproteins for cellular use or degradation.
- Receptor-mediated endocytosis of iron-carrying transferrin for iron release.
- Importance of mannose 6-phosphate in targeting enzymes to the lysosome.
- Correctly identifying and understanding the enzymes responsible for mannose 6-phosphate addition to enzymes for transport.
- Importance of lysosomal enzymes for protein degradation/removal.
- Processes/molecules involved in transporting proteins to and from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER).
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Description
This quiz covers the essential concepts of vesicular traffic, secretion, and endocytosis, focusing on the discovery and applications of GFP, yeast sec mutations, and the roles of specific proteins in the secretory pathway. Test your understanding of the mechanisms behind vesicle movement and protein glycosylation processes as they relate to cellular functions.
