Verapamil Flashcards

Study Notes

Brand Name

Calan, Calan SR, Isoptin SR, Verelan, Verelan PM are the various brand names for Verapamil.

Generic Name

The generic name for these medications is Verapamil.

Therapeutic Classification

Primarily classified as antianginals, antiarrhythmics, antihypertensives, and vascular headache suppressants.

Pharmacologic Classification

Functions as a calcium channel blocker, affecting calcium transport in muscle cells.

Mechanism of Action

Inhibits calcium transport in myocardial and vascular smooth muscle cells.
Results in decreased excitation-contraction coupling and overall contraction.
Reduces conduction through the SA and AV nodes, lengthening the refractory period in conduction tissue.

Therapeutic Effects

Promotes systemic vasodilation, leading to decreased blood pressure (BP).
Induces coronary vasodilation, reducing the frequency and severity of angina attacks.
Lowers ventricular rate in cases of atrial fibrillation or flutter.

Adverse Reactions/Side Effects

Potentially causes congestive heart failure (CHF), severe hypotension, AV block, severe bradycardia, hepatotoxicity.
Other side effects may include dizziness, edema, and fatigue.

Route and Dosage

Administered as a 120 mg tablet by mouth, typically once daily.

Contradictions

Use with caution in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and the elderly population.

Interactions

May cause additive hypotension when used with other antihypertensives.
Effectiveness can be decreased by the concurrent use of NSAIDs.
Co-administration with IV beta blockers should be approached with caution.
Grapefruit juice can increase serum levels and effects of Verapamil.

Implementation

Monitor blood pressure and pulse prior to beginning therapy.
Assess elderly patients for fall risks and monitor intake and output, along with daily weights.
Look for signs of heart failure, and report any palpitations, edema, or weight gain.
Tablets should not be crushed or chewed.
Avoid alcohol and grapefruit juice while on medication.
Patients also taking digoxin should have serum levels checked regularly and observed for signs of toxicity.
Regular monitoring of potassium levels is essential.
Administer with meals or milk to reduce gastric irritation.

Description

Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Verapamil, including its brand and generic names, therapeutic classifications, pharmacologic details, and action mechanisms. Perfect for students and professionals in the pharmaceutical field.