18 Questions
What structure separates the lungs from the abdomen area?
Diaphragm
Which of the following structures is responsible for the gaseous exchange in the lungs?
Alveoli
What is the main component that holds the airways open?
Cartilage
Which structure allows food to pass down the oesophagus behind the trachea?
Trachea
In which part of the respiratory system are alveoli clusters found?
Bronchioles
What is the main difference between bronchi and bronchioles in terms of structure?
Presence of cartilage
What is the role of gill filaments in bony fish in gas exchange?
To participate actively in gas exchange
Why do fish need a specialized exchange surface for gas exchange?
To maintain a high surface area to volume ratio
How does ventilation begin in fish when they are actively exchanging gases?
By raising the floor of the buccal cavity
What prevents gill filaments from sticking together when fish are in water?
Counter current flow of blood and water
Why can't fish survive for extended periods out of water?
Because their gills collapse without water support
In insects, how is oxygen transported to tissues for respiration?
Directly through the skin
Which structure in the mammalian gaseous exchange system helps prevent the lungs from collapsing during exhalation?
Cartilage
What is the function of goblet cells in the mammalian gaseous exchange system?
Secrete mucus to trap bacteria and dust
During inspiration in ventilation, what causes the volume inside the thorax to increase?
Contraction of diaphragm
In the gaseous exchange system, what is the function of ciliated epithelium in bronchi and bronchioles?
Move mucus along to prevent lung infection
What role do elastic fibers play in the flow of air during inhalation and exhalation?
Control the flow of air by stretching and recoiling
Which muscle plays a crucial role in controlling the diameter of the airway in the mammalian gaseous exchange system?
Smooth muscle
Explore the unique mechanisms of gas exchange in bony fish, focusing on their specialized gill structure. Learn about the importance of surface area to volume ratio and impermeable membranes in facilitating efficient gas exchange. Compare the adaptations of bony fish and insects for respiratory functions.
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