19 Questions
Which type of veins are located underneath the deep fascia of the lower limb, accompanying the major arteries?
Deep veins
What is the main venous structure of the foot that mostly drains into the superficial veins?
Dorsal venous arch
Which veins combine to form the posterior tibial and fibular veins in the foot?
Medial and lateral plantar veins
Where do the anterior tibial, posterior tibial, and fibular veins unite to form the popliteal vein?
Posterior surface of the knee
What role do arterial pulsations play in the deep vein systems of the lower limb?
Aid venous return
Where are the superficial veins found in relation to the lower limb?
In the subcutaneous tissue
Which veins are located within the same vascular sheath as the major arteries in the lower limb?
Posterior tibial and anterior tibial veins
Which vein in the thigh leaves by running underneath the inguinal ligament?
External iliac vein
What is the main complication of deep vein thrombosis (DVT)?
Pulmonary embolism
What is formed by the dorsal venous arch of the foot and the dorsal vein of the great toe?
Great saphenous vein
What causes varicose veins in the lower limbs?
Increased intra-luminal pressure due to incompetent valves
Which vein can be used as a vessel in coronary artery bypasses?
Great saphenous vein
What causes mechanical shock in pulmonary embolism?
Prevention of blood returning to the heart
Which veins drain into the internal iliac vein from the gluteal region?
Inferior and superior gluteal veins
What is the main venous structure in the thigh that is situated anteriorly and accompanies the femoral artery?
Femoral vein
In deep vein thrombosis (DVT), what is the main complication that can occur as a result of a dislodged thrombus?
Pulmonary embolism
Which vein in the lower limb runs between the two heads of the gastrocnemius muscle and empties into the popliteal vein?
Small saphenous vein
Which condition in the lower limbs results in increased intra-luminal pressure, causing veins to become dilated and tortuous?
Varicose veins
What surgical procedure involves injecting a sclerosing agent directly into varicosed veins to close off the vein through an inflammatory response?
Foam sclerotherapy
Study Notes
Venous Drainage of the Lower Limb
- Can be divided into two groups: deep and superficial veins
- Deep veins are located underneath the deep fascia of the lower limb and accompany major arteries
- Superficial veins are found in the subcutaneous tissue and eventually drain into the deep veins
Deep Veins of the Lower Limb
- Located beneath the deep fascia of the lower limb
- Named after the major arteries they accompany (e.g., anterior tibial vein, posterior tibial vein, fibular vein)
- Often share the same vascular sheath with the accompanying artery, allowing arterial pulsations to aid venous return
Veins of the Foot and Leg
- Dorsal venous arch is the main venous structure of the foot
- Some veins from the arch penetrate deep into the leg, forming the anterior tibial vein
- Medial and lateral plantar veins arise on the plantar aspect of the foot
- Medial and lateral plantar veins combine to form the posterior tibial and fibular veins
- Posterior tibial vein accompanies the posterior tibial artery, entering the leg posteriorly to the medial malleolus
Veins of the Knee and Thigh
- Anterior tibial, posterior tibial, and fibular veins unite to form the popliteal vein on the posterior surface of the knee
- Popliteal vein enters the thigh via the adductor canal
Learn about the venous drainage system of the lower limb, including the deep and superficial veins located underneath the deep fascia and in the subcutaneous tissue. Understand how these veins eventually drain into the deep venous system.
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