90 Questions
Which cells secrete inhibin B, which inhibits FSH?
Sertoli cells
What is the function of the blood-testis barrier?
To isolate gametes from autoimmune attack
Which cells secrete androgen-binding protein, which concentrates testosterone locally?
Sertoli cells
Which cells produce MIF (Müllerian inhibiting factor)?
Sertoli cells
Which cells support and nourish developing spermatozoa?
Sertoli cells
What happens to sperm production and inhibin B levels with increased temperature?
Sperm production decreases and inhibin B levels decrease
Which cells are temperature sensitive in relation to sperm production and inhibin B levels?
Sertoli cells
Which cells convert testosterone and androstenedione to estrogens via aromatase?
Granulosa cells
Which cells secrete testosterone in the presence of LH?
Leydig cells
Which cells are the homologs of female theca interna cells?
Leydig cells
Which vein drains the left ovary/testis?
Left gonadal vein
Which vein drains the right ovary/testis?
Right gonadal vein
What is the cause of varicocele being more common on the left side?
Higher venous pressure on the left side
Where do the ovaries, testes, and fundus of the uterus drain to?
Para-aortic lymph nodes
Where does the body of the uterus, cervix, and superior part of the bladder drain to?
External iliac nodes
Where does the prostate, cervix, corpus cavernosum, proximal vagina, and the inferior part of the bladder drain to?
Internal iliac nodes
Where does the distal vagina, vulva, scrotum, and distal anus drain to?
Superficial inguinal nodes
Where does the clitoris and glans penis drain to?
Deep inguinal nodes
What is the other name for the infundibulopelvic ligament?
Suspensory ligament of the ovary
Which ligament connects the uterine horn to the labia majora?
Round ligament
Which ligament connects the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall and contains the uterine vessels?
Cardinal Ligament
What is the term for the twisting of the ovary and fallopian tube around the infundibulopelvic ligament and ovarian ligament?
Torsion
What is the most common type of pelvic organ prolapse that involves the bladder?
Anterior Compartment Prolapse
Which type of injury occurs almost exclusively in males and presents with blood at the urethral meatus, hematuria, and difficulty voiding?
Posterior Urethral Injury
Which part of the urethra is disrupted in an anterior urethral injury and may be associated with a scrotal hematoma?
Spongy urethra
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for erection?
Parasympathetic nervous system
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for emission?
Sympathetic nervous system
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for expulsion?
Visceral and somatic nerves
What type of epithelium covers the vulva?
Stratified squamous epithelium
What type of epithelium covers the transformation zone of the cervix?
Simple columnar epithelium
Which cells maintain the germ cell pool and produce primary spermatocytes?
Spermatogonia
Which cells secrete inhibin B, which inhibits FSH?
Sertoli cells
Which cells support and nourish developing spermatozoa?
Sertoli cells
Which cells are temperature sensitive in relation to sperm production and inhibin B levels?
Sertoli cells
Which cells secrete androgen-binding protein, which concentrates testosterone locally?
Sertoli cells
Which cells convert testosterone and androstenedione to estrogens via aromatase?
Granulosa cells
Which cells produce Müllerian inhibiting factor (MIF)?
Sertoli cells
Which cells secrete testosterone in the presence of LH?
Leydig cells
What is the function of the blood-testis barrier?
Isolate gametes from autoimmune attack
What happens to sperm production and inhibin B levels with increased temperature?
Decrease
Which vein drains the left ovary/testis?
Left gonadal vein
Where does the clitoris and glans penis drain to?
Deep inguinal nodes
Which cells secrete inhibin B, which inhibits FSH?
Granulosa cells
Which part of the nervous system is responsible for erection?
Parasympathetic nervous system
What is the function of the blood-testis barrier?
Prevents the entry of immune cells into the seminiferous tubules
Which cells produce MIF (Müllerian inhibiting factor)?
Sertoli cells
What is the term for the twisting of the ovary and fallopian tube around the infundibulopelvic ligament and ovarian ligament?
Ovarian torsion
Where does the prostate, cervix, corpus cavernosum, proximal vagina, and the inferior part of the bladder drain to?
Internal iliac nodes
Where do the ovaries, testes, and fundus of the uterus drain to?
Para-aortic lymph nodes
Where does the body of the uterus, cervix, and superior part of the bladder drain to?
External iliac nodes
Which ligament connects the cervix to the lateral pelvic wall and contains the uterine vessels?
Cardinal ligament
What is the term for the herniation of pelvic organs into or beyond the vaginal walls?
Pelvic organ prolapse
Which compartment is most commonly involved in pelvic organ prolapse and leads to a condition called cystocele?
Anterior compartment
What is the term for the twisting of the ovary and fallopian tube around the infundibulopelvic ligament and ovarian ligament?
Adnexal torsion
Which ligament connects the cervix to the sacrum?
Uterosacral ligament
Which compartment is involved in pelvic organ prolapse that leads to the herniation of the rectum or small bowel?
Posterior compartment
What is the term for the severe form of pelvic organ prolapse that involves all three compartments (anterior, posterior, and apical)?
Uterine procidentia
Which type of epithelium covers the vulva?
Stratified squamous epithelium
Which type of epithelium covers the transformation zone of the cervix, which is the most common area for cervical cancer?
Simple columnar epithelium
Which type of epithelium covers the vagina?
Stratified squamous epithelium
True or false: Sertoli cells secrete inhibin B to inhibit FSH.
True
True or false: Sertoli cells secrete androgen-binding protein to concentrate testosterone locally.
True
True or false: Sertoli cells produce Müllerian inhibiting factor (MIF).
True
True or false: Tight junctions between adjacent Sertoli cells form the blood-testis barrier.
True
True or false: Sertoli cells support and nourish developing spermatozoa.
True
True or false: Sertoli cells regulate spermatogenesis.
True
True or false: Increased temperature leads to a decrease in sperm production and inhibin B levels.
True
True or false: Leydig cells secrete testosterone in the presence of LH.
True
True or false: Leydig cells are temperature sensitive in relation to sperm production and inhibin B levels.
False
True or false: Leydig cells are the homolog of female granulosa cells.
False
True or false: The left gonadal vein drains into the left renal vein before entering the inferior vena cava (IVC).
True
True or false: Varicocele is more common on the right side due to higher venous pressure.
False
True or false: Ovaries, testes, and the fundus of the uterus drain to the para-aortic lymph nodes.
True
True or false: The infundibulopelvic ligament connects the ovary to the lateral pelvic wall.
True
True or false: Ligating the ovarian vessels in the infundibulopelvic ligament during oophorectomy carries the risk of damaging the ureter.
True
True or false: The ovarian ligament connects the ovary to the uterine horn.
True
True or false: The round ligament connects the uterine horn to the labia majora.
True
True or false: The broad ligament connects the uterus to the lateral pelvic wall.
True
True or false: The clitoris and glans penis drain to the superficial inguinal nodes.
False
True or false: The prostate, cervix, corpus cavernosum, proximal vagina, and the inferior part of the bladder drain to the internal iliac nodes.
True
True or false: Adnexal torsion is often associated with ovarian masses, such as ovarian cysts.
True
True or false: Pelvic organ prolapse refers to the herniation of pelvic organs into or beyond the vaginal walls.
True
True or false: Anterior Compartment Prolapse involves the bladder, leading to a condition called cystocele.
True
True or false: Posterior Compartment Prolapse involves the rectum or small bowel.
True
True or false: Apical Compartment Prolapse involves the uterus, cervix, or vaginal vault.
True
True or false: Uterine procidentia is a severe form of pelvic organ prolapse that involves all three compartments.
True
True or false: The vulva is covered by stratified squamous epithelium.
True
True or false: The vagina is covered by stratified squamous epithelium.
True
True or false: The ectocervix is covered by stratified squamous epithelium.
True
True or false: The transformation zone is the most common area for cervical cancer.
True
Test your knowledge on the venous drainage of the ovaries and testes with this quiz. Learn about the pathways and anatomical differences that contribute to the difference in venous pressure between the left and right side.
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