I-D-03 Vehicle Fires 12/11/2020

Questions and Answers

What primary characteristic distinguishes All-Electric Vehicles (EVs) from other vehicle types?

They utilize one or more electric motors powered by rechargeable batteries. (correct)

They combine electric motors with liquid fuels.

They have a high-pressure container for fuel storage.

They are propelled solely by internal combustion engines.

What type of fuel is primarily used in Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) vehicles?

Electric energy from batteries.

Natural gas stored under high pressure. (correct)

Hydrogen fuel cells.

Biodiesel derived from vegetable oils.

Which of the following statements about Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) is true?

It is stored at atmospheric pressure.

It primarily consists of propane and butane. (correct)

It is exclusively used in electric vehicles.

It must remain in a gas state to be effective as a fuel.

What is the primary function of the Energy Storage System (ESS) found in DTPW buses?

To store high-voltage energy using nickel metal hydride technology. Signup and view all the answers

Who is responsible for modifying firefighting procedures in unusual circumstances according to the guidelines?

The Unit Officer-in-Charge (OIC) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for personnel involved in vehicle firefighting operations?

Full protective clothing and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes hybrid vehicles?

Vehicles that combine internal combustion and electric sources. Signup and view all the answers

What is a common hidden hazard associated with vehicle fires that firefighters may encounter?

Exposure to toxic gases and chemicals. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done to ensure safety when working with DTPW buses?

Chock the wheels and ensure the engine shutoff is OFF. Signup and view all the answers

How can the fire suppression system in DTPW buses be activated?

Manually or automatically by heat sensors. Signup and view all the answers

What unique feature identifies CNG vehicles from standard vehicles?

A blue diamond-shaped decal with 'CNG'. Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of compromising the fuel system of CNG buses?

Catastrophic consequences could arise due to flammability. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the low-voltage battery cable located in electric vehicles?

On the upper left-hand side under the front hood. Signup and view all the answers

What activates the pressure relief device on CNG buses?

Temperature exceeding 217°F or pressure exceeding 6,000 psi. Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the CNG bus has the manual fuel shutoff located?

Near the fuel storage cylinders on the roof. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between electric vehicles and traditional vehicles?

Electric vehicles have rechargeable batteries, not gas tanks. Signup and view all the answers

What must be done before extinguishing vehicle fires in EVs?

De-energize the vehicle according to manufacturer specifications. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done if gas leak detection is activated in a CNG vehicle?

Shut off the fuel supply to the bus. Signup and view all the answers

What should be done when cooling a small amount of burning magnesium?

Allow it to burn out while cooling the area around it. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action to take when a CNG vehicle is on fire?

Isolate the area for 300 feet and allow it to burn. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to identify hybrid vehicles in an emergency?

They require different firefighting techniques. Signup and view all the answers

What hazard is primarily associated with hybrid vehicles?

High-voltage electricity. Signup and view all the answers

What color identifies the high-voltage cables in hybrid vehicles?

Orange Signup and view all the answers

How can one prevent unexpected movement of a hybrid vehicle during an emergency?

Ensure the ignition is switched off and remove the key. Signup and view all the answers

What action should be taken when fighting a deep-seated fire in a hybrid vehicle's high-voltage battery?

Allow it to burn while cooling adjacent areas. Signup and view all the answers

What could happen if water is applied to CNG tanks during a vehicle fire?

It may cause the tanks to explode due to pressure buildup. Signup and view all the answers

What is the best method for disconnecting a hybrid vehicle's high-voltage battery?

Remove the negative cable of the low-voltage battery. Signup and view all the answers

What should personnel do if they suspect a vehicle is carrying hazardous materials?

Identify hazards and manage the incident accordingly. Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of cooling CNG tanks with water if they are under fire?

It may obstruct pressure relief mechanisms. Signup and view all the answers

What should be remembered about the ignition in hybrid vehicles?

Ignition must be turned off to ensure safety. Signup and view all the answers

How should personnel react during a fire involving hazardous materials in vehicles?

Protect themselves and withdraw from the scene. Signup and view all the answers

What should be the primary consideration when determining the placement of the apparatus during a vehicle fire?

Wind direction, slope, and traffic Signup and view all the answers

Why should personnel avoid standing directly in front of vehicles with shock-absorbing bumpers?

They can explode due to extreme heat Signup and view all the answers

In which situation is it most appropriate to use a booster line?

For small, incipient fires only Signup and view all the answers

How should a vehicle fire be approached to minimize the risk of explosion?

From a 45-degree angle whenever possible Signup and view all the answers

What safety precaution should be taken when dealing with a vehicle's fuel tank exposed to fire?

Cool the tank by deflecting a straight stream from the ground Signup and view all the answers

What should be the priority when conducting a size-up for a vehicle fire?

Ensuring the safety of personnel and assessing hazards Signup and view all the answers

Which type of fire extinguisher is recommended to be placed close to the incident in case of a flammable liquid fire?

20-lb dry chemical extinguisher Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical warning when firefighting near magnesium components in vehicles?

Magnesium will ignite if water is used Signup and view all the answers

When should the apparatus be placed back in service during a firefighting operation?

When directed by the Unit OIC Signup and view all the answers

What precaution should be taken to prevent unexpected movement during firefighting operations?

Chock the vehicle's wheels Signup and view all the answers

What potential hazard comes from split rims on heavy-duty vehicles during a fire?

They can explode and propel solid metal rings Signup and view all the answers

When may it be necessary to use foam application during a vehicle fire?

When large quantities of fuel are involved Signup and view all the answers

What is an appropriate approach for personnel to take regarding live electrical wires during a vehicle fire?

Avoid making contact and assess from a distance Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Vehicle Fire Hazards

Vehicle fires are common incidents for firefighters, ranging from small passenger to large commercial vehicles.
Hidden hazards are present, necessitating extreme care during firefighting operations.
Procedures may require modification by the Unit Officer in Charge (OIC) based on unique circumstances.

Types of Vehicles and Fuels

All-Electric Vehicles (EVs): Propelled by electric motors using rechargeable batteries, with no internal combustion engine.
Compressed Natural Gas (CNG): Fuels internal combustion engines, stored in high-pressure containers (3,000-3,600 PSI).
Energy Storage System (ESS): Nickel metal hydride batteries in public transit buses, providing 700 volts DC power, located on buses' roofs.
Hybrid Vehicles: Combine electric motors and internal combustion engines for propulsion.
Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG): A mixture of propane and butane, stored under pressure and used as fuel in various vehicles.

Firefighting Procedures

Personnel must wear full Personal Protective Equipment (PPE), including self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA).
Attack line selection is determined after a size-up by the OIC, considering various hazard factors.

Fire Response Guidelines

Upon arrival, the OIC assesses the scene, ensuring crew safety from hazards like electrical wires and gas leaks.
The Driver/Operator (D/O) positions the apparatus with consideration for wind direction, slope, and traffic barriers.
The OIC directs deployment of the attack line; firefighter positions may be adjusted based on apparatus placement.

Safety Precautions

Maintain awareness of electrical hazards and potential vehicle movement, especially with hybrid vehicles.
Vehicle fires should be attacked from uphill and/or upwind to minimize smoke and toxic gas exposure.
Use of a dry chemical extinguisher should be readily available for flammable liquid fires.
Approach fires at a 45-degree angle to avoid flying parts from exploding struts or tires.

Special Considerations for Vehicle Types

Hybrid Vehicles: Identify them via markings/badges, handle high-voltage batteries with care.
Hybrid fires may require cooling adjacent surfaces rather than extinguishing the battery fire directly.

All-Electric Vehicles (EVs) Specifics

EVs lack a gas tank; rely solely on electrical systems for operation.
Important to de-energize low-voltage battery cables before firefighting.

Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicles

CNG vehicles are typically marked with a blue "CNG" decal.
Stored in high-pressure cylinders; compromising the fuel system can lead to catastrophic outcomes.
Fire suppression and gas leak detection systems are present; the manual fuel shutoff should be activated if accessible.

General Firefighting Notes

When fighting CNG fires, do not use water to cool tanks as it may restrict pressure relief.
Identify and manage hazardous materials transported by vehicles due to risks during fire incidents.
Awareness of vehicle construction materials like magnesium is crucial, as they present unique fire hazards.

Conclusion

Vehicle fires demand an understanding of the various types, fuel sources, and specialized safety measures to protect firefighters and effectively manage incidents.

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Description

This quiz explores the critical aspects of vehicle fire hazards and the varying types of fuels used in different vehicles. Understand the unique challenges that firefighters face and the specific characteristics of electric, hybrid, and gas-powered vehicles. Test your knowledge on firefighting procedures and modifications required for different situations.