Podcast
Questions and Answers
Yellow sticky traps are more effective for capturing Homoptera than water pan traps
Yellow sticky traps are more effective for capturing Homoptera than water pan traps
True
Real-time quantitative PCR methods can only identify viruses in plants, not in vectors
Real-time quantitative PCR methods can only identify viruses in plants, not in vectors
False
Amplicon sequence non-specific methods use fluorescence proportional to total dsDNA
Amplicon sequence non-specific methods use fluorescence proportional to total dsDNA
True
Vector relationships include specificity and persistence
Vector relationships include specificity and persistence
Signup and view all the answers
Factors affecting transmission and epidemic development include the presence of alternate hosts
Factors affecting transmission and epidemic development include the presence of alternate hosts
Signup and view all the answers
Vector-borne pathogens can only be transmitted by insects
Vector-borne pathogens can only be transmitted by insects
Signup and view all the answers
All viruses are transmitted by members of the order Homoptera
All viruses are transmitted by members of the order Homoptera
Signup and view all the answers
Spores of plant pathogenic fungi can be transmitted to flowers by thrips and various pollinators
Spores of plant pathogenic fungi can be transmitted to flowers by thrips and various pollinators
Signup and view all the answers
Pathogen population size is not an important factor in disease development
Pathogen population size is not an important factor in disease development
Signup and view all the answers
For many plant virus diseases, the epidemiologically important propagule is often the plant itself
For many plant virus diseases, the epidemiologically important propagule is often the plant itself
Signup and view all the answers
Vector-borne diseases are generally monocyclic, with only one transmission cycle within one season.
Vector-borne diseases are generally monocyclic, with only one transmission cycle within one season.
Signup and view all the answers
Aphids have two forms of adults: apterae (without wings local movement resulting in aggregation) and alatae (winged forms that can disperse over short and long distances).
Aphids have two forms of adults: apterae (without wings local movement resulting in aggregation) and alatae (winged forms that can disperse over short and long distances).
Signup and view all the answers
The effect of wind on the spatial spread of black currant reversion virus transmitted by aphids can be estimated using the 'multiple infection transformation' ln[1/(1-x)], where x is the proportion of diseased plants or diseased area.
The effect of wind on the spatial spread of black currant reversion virus transmitted by aphids can be estimated using the 'multiple infection transformation' ln[1/(1-x)], where x is the proportion of diseased plants or diseased area.
Signup and view all the answers
Spraying of the vector is always an effective method for controlling vector-borne diseases.
Spraying of the vector is always an effective method for controlling vector-borne diseases.
Signup and view all the answers
Roguing of only latently infected plants can be moderately effective in reducing the incidence of vector-borne diseases.
Roguing of only latently infected plants can be moderately effective in reducing the incidence of vector-borne diseases.
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
- Insect vectors used for quantification: Landing and impaction traps (water pan trap, yellow sticky traps), vertical net, suction traps
- Yellow sticky traps more effective for Homoptera than water pans
- Trap design affects catch: size, color, height, location, position
- Suction traps useful for measuring vector density, but expensive and labor-intensive
- Real-time quantitative PCR methods for identifying and quantifying viruses in plants or vectors
- Amplicon sequence non-specific methods: SYBR Green I, fluorescence proportional to total dsDNA
- Amplicon sequence specific methods: TaqMan, Molecular beacons, Scorpion PCR, probe labeled with a donor fluorophore and acceptor dye
- Vector relationships: specificity (transmission by particular species or non-specifically), persistence (non-persistent, semi-persistent, circulative persistent, or circulative persistent and propagative)
- Persistence in the vector affects epidemic development
- Five steps in vector transmission: acquisition, movement inside the vector, multiplication, inoculation, and movement/replication in the host plant
- Factors affecting transmission and epidemic development: proportion of infected source plants, pathogen content, vector density, vector aggregation, vector movement, presence of alternate hosts
- Modeled virus transmission: acquisition and inoculation over time, disease incidence over time for non-persistent, semi-persistent, circulative persistent, and propagative persistent viruses
- Multiplication and movement of pathogens inside host plants affect epidemic development
- Plant virus infection can affect vector multiplication rate
- Vectors can be more attracted to diseased plants, indicating co-evolution.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Description
Explore the influence of vector-borne pathogens on disease development, including viruses, bacteria, mollicutes, and fungi transmitted primarily by insects, mites, nematodes, and other organisms. Learn about the main insect vectors such as aphids, whiteflies, psyllids, planthoppers, and leafhoppers.
