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Vasculature of the Lower Limb
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Vasculature of the Lower Limb

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Questions and Answers

What is the main artery of the human body?

  • Aorta (correct)
  • Brachiocephalic trunk
  • Left subclavian artery
  • Left common carotid artery

    • What is the direction of the arch of aorta?

  • To the right side
  • To the left side (correct)
  • Upwards
  • Downwards

    • How many branches does the arch of aorta have?

  • 3 (correct)
  • 4
  • 2
  • 5

    • What is the location of the thoracic aorta?

    <p>Left to the vertebral bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the thoracic aorta?

    <p>Supplies the thoracic wall and cavity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the abdominal aorta divided into?

    <p>Common iliac arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the superior gluteal artery?

    <p>Internal iliac artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the path of the superior gluteal artery through the pelvic cavity?

    <p>Suprapiriform foramen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the inferior gluteal artery?

    <p>Internal iliac artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the obturator artery?

    <p>Supplying the medial side of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure that the external iliac artery passes under?

    <p>Inguinal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the three compartments of the femoral sheath?

    <p>Lateral, intermediate, and femoral canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that is the largest branch of the femoral artery?

    <p>Deep artery of the thigh</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that supplies the neck of the femur?

    <p>Medial circumflex femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the canal where the femoral artery, vein, and saphenous nerve are located?

    <p>Adductor canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that becomes the popliteal artery and vein after exiting the adductor hiatus?

    <p>Femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that gives a branch to supply the knee joint?

    <p>Femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which location does the femoral artery pass through?

    <p>Adductor canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that descends in the popliteal fossa?

    <p>Popliteal artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the arteries that branch from the popliteal artery to supply the calf muscles?

    <p>Sural arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the vessels that pass under the arch of ligament of soleus muscle?

    <p>Popliteal vessels and tibial nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At which location does the popliteal artery divide into anterior and posterior tibial arteries?

    <p>Posterior compartment of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the artery that becomes the popliteal artery at the posterior aspect of the lower thigh?

    <p>Femoral artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the arteries that create anastomoses around the knee joint?

    <p>Medial and lateral genicular arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the posterior tibial artery supply?

    <p>The posterior and lateral compartments of the leg</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the circumflex fibular artery?

    <p>A branch of the posterior tibial artery that anastomoses with the arterial network of the knee</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the perforating branch of the fibular artery?

    <p>It passes anteriorly through the inferior aperture in the interosseus membrane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deep plantar artery?

    <p>The terminal branch of the dorsalis pedis artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the medial plantar artery?

    <p>A branch of the posterior tibial artery that supplies the medial side of the foot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which artery forms the deep plantar arch?

    <p>Lateral plantar artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the course of the posterior tibial artery?

    <p>It passes posteriorly through the tarsal tunnel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lateral plantar artery?

    <p>A branch of the posterior tibial artery that curves medially to form the deep plantar arch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the vein that originates from the medial side of the dorsal venous arch?

    <p>Great saphenous vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein drains into the femoral vein?

    <p>Great saphenous vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the deep plantar arch formed by?

    <p>The union of the lateral plantar artery and the dorsalis pedis artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the aperture in the fascia lata through which the great saphenous vein passes?

    <p>Saphenous opening</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vein forms the common iliac vein with the internal iliac vein?

    <p>External iliac vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the vein that receives blood from the lower limb and passes under the inguinal ligament?

    <p>Femoral vein</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the vein that pierces through the diaphragm and enters the thoracic cavity?

    <p>Inferior vena cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which chamber of the heart does the inferior vena cava drain into?

    <p>Right atrium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Vascular Structures of the Lower Limb

    • Arteries:
      • Main artery: Aorta
      • Aorta arches to the left side (Arch of aorta)
      • Arch of aorta has 3 branches:
        • Brachiocephalic trunk
        • Left common carotid artery
        • Left subclavian artery
      • Descending aorta has 2 parts:
        • Thoracic aorta (located left to the vertebral bodies, supplies thoracic wall and cavity)
        • Abdominal aorta
      • Abdominal aorta divides into common iliac arteries
      • Common iliac artery divides into:
        • Internal iliac artery
        • External iliac artery
    • Superior and Inferior Gluteal Arteries:
      • Originate from the internal iliac artery
      • Leave the pelvic cavity through the suprapiriform and infrapiriform foramina, respectively
      • Accompanied by the corresponding nerves (sup. and inf. gluteal n.)
    • Obturator Artery:
      • Originates from the internal iliac artery
      • Enters through the obturator canal
      • Bifurcates into anterior and posterior branches
      • Supplies the medial side of the thigh
    • Femoral Artery:
      • Continues from the external iliac artery
      • Passes under the inguinal ligament
      • Divides into:
        • Femoral artery (in the femoral triangle)
        • Profunda femoris artery (deep artery of the thigh)
      • Four small branches originate from the femoral artery in the femoral triangle:
        • Superficial epigastric artery
        • Superficial circumflex iliac artery
        • Superficial external pudendal artery
        • Deep external pudendal artery
      • Supplies the skin of the upper thigh, lower abdomen, and perineum
    • Femoral Sheath:
      • Compartments:
        • Lateral (contains femoral artery and femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve)
        • Intermediate (contains femoral vein)
        • Medial (femoral canal, contains lymphatic vessels)
      • Pulse of the femoral artery is easily felt in the femoral triangle
    • Deep Artery of the Thigh (Profunda Femoris Artery):
      • Largest branch of the femoral artery
      • Major blood supply to the thigh
      • Has several branches:
        • Lateral circumflex femoral artery
        • Medial circumflex femoral artery
        • Three perforating branches
    • Popliteal Artery:
      • Continues from the femoral artery in the adductor canal
      • Passes through the popliteal fossa
      • Divides into:
        • Anterior tibial artery
        • Posterior tibial artery
      • Gives several branches to supply the knee joint
        • Superior medial genicular artery
        • Inferior medial genicular artery
        • Superior lateral genicular artery
        • Inferior lateral genicular artery
    • Veins of the Lower Limb:
      • Deep veins follow the arteries and have similar names
      • Superficial veins are in the superficial fascia and interconnect with deep veins
      • Great saphenous vein and small saphenous vein originate from the dorsal venous arch on the foot
      • Great saphenous vein drains into the femoral vein
      • Small saphenous vein drains into the popliteal vein
      • Femoral vein drains into the external iliac vein
      • External iliac vein joins the internal iliac vein to form the common iliac vein
      • Right and left common iliac veins join together to form the inferior vena cava
      • Inferior vena cava drains into the right atrium of the heart

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    Related Documents

    Vasculature of the lower limb ES 2024-compressed.pdf

    Description

    This quiz covers the anatomy of the lower limb's vasculature, including the main arteries and their branches. Learn about the aorta, arch of aorta, and descending aorta.

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