Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a recommended practice for maintaining good hygiene during an outbreak?
What is a recommended practice for maintaining good hygiene during an outbreak?
- Use a tissue when sneezing or coughing (correct)
- Avoid frequent handwashing
- Engage in close physical contact
- Share food and cutlery with others
Which of the following is NOT advised as a part of managing symptoms during an outbreak?
Which of the following is NOT advised as a part of managing symptoms during an outbreak?
- Consuming hot, spicy foods (correct)
- Resting adequately
- Utilizing cold compresses
- Staying hydrated
What should be avoided to further prevent the spread of infection?
What should be avoided to further prevent the spread of infection?
- Hydrating frequently
- Kissing (correct)
- Resting at home
- Using sunblock
Which of the following actions contributes to effective infection control?
Which of the following actions contributes to effective infection control?
What is one of the key suggestions for personal care during an outbreak?
What is one of the key suggestions for personal care during an outbreak?
What is a significant complication of mumps in males if contracted after puberty?
What is a significant complication of mumps in males if contracted after puberty?
Which characteristic symptom is associated with measles?
Which characteristic symptom is associated with measles?
What is the duration of swelling of the parotid glands in mumps?
What is the duration of swelling of the parotid glands in mumps?
How is measles primarily transmitted?
How is measles primarily transmitted?
What is a potential fatal complication associated with measles?
What is a potential fatal complication associated with measles?
What proportion of females contracting mumps may experience swelling of the ovaries?
What proportion of females contracting mumps may experience swelling of the ovaries?
What is the characteristic rash associated with measles described as?
What is the characteristic rash associated with measles described as?
Which of the following is NOT a complication associated with mumps?
Which of the following is NOT a complication associated with mumps?
What is a common characteristic presentation of Ramsay Hunt syndrome?
What is a common characteristic presentation of Ramsay Hunt syndrome?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
What type of virus primarily causes Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
What type of virus primarily causes Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
How long can an individual remain contagious with Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
How long can an individual remain contagious with Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
Which statement about Shingles is correct?
Which statement about Shingles is correct?
Which of the following is a typical complication of Shingles?
Which of the following is a typical complication of Shingles?
Which of the following transmission methods is NOT associated with Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
Which of the following transmission methods is NOT associated with Hand, Foot & Mouth disease?
In which population is Hand, Foot & Mouth disease primarily common?
In which population is Hand, Foot & Mouth disease primarily common?
What is the primary condition caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus in children?
What is the primary condition caused by the Varicella-Zoster virus in children?
What symptoms are commonly associated with Varicella?
What symptoms are commonly associated with Varicella?
Which age group is more likely to experience serious effects from contracting Varicella?
Which age group is more likely to experience serious effects from contracting Varicella?
What is a common treatment recommendation for managing symptoms of Varicella?
What is a common treatment recommendation for managing symptoms of Varicella?
How long is the incubation period for Varicella?
How long is the incubation period for Varicella?
What triggers the reactivation of the Varicella-Zoster virus leading to shingles?
What triggers the reactivation of the Varicella-Zoster virus leading to shingles?
What type of lesion characterizes the rash in Varicella?
What type of lesion characterizes the rash in Varicella?
What is a significant difference between the rashes of varicella and shingles?
What is a significant difference between the rashes of varicella and shingles?
Approximately how many bacteria are transferred during kissing?
Approximately how many bacteria are transferred during kissing?
What is one of the primary activities that facilitates the transfer of bacteria?
What is one of the primary activities that facilitates the transfer of bacteria?
Which of the following health topics is most likely associated with the transfer of bacteria?
Which of the following health topics is most likely associated with the transfer of bacteria?
What can be inferred about the role of saliva in bacterial transfer?
What can be inferred about the role of saliva in bacterial transfer?
Which of the following statements about kissing is true?
Which of the following statements about kissing is true?
In terms of bacterial transfer, what might kissing between two people lead to?
In terms of bacterial transfer, what might kissing between two people lead to?
Which of the following is a consequence of kissing in relation to bacteria?
Which of the following is a consequence of kissing in relation to bacteria?
What is the general public perception regarding the transfer of bacteria through kissing?
What is the general public perception regarding the transfer of bacteria through kissing?
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Study Notes
Varicella-Zoster Virus (Human Herpes Virus 3)
- Causes chickenpox (primary infection) and shingles (reactivation).
- Chickenpox is common in children, usually mild and self-limiting. More serious in adults.
- Two-week incubation period.
- Symptoms include fever and a vesicular, itchy rash (unlike the shingles rash).
- Shingles is triggered by trauma or immunosuppression. It affects dorsal root ganglia and the trigeminal nerve.
- Shingles presents unilaterally.
- Ramsay Hunt syndrome is a rare complication involving shingles of the facial nerve, with a vesicular rash on the tympanic membrane and auditory canal, and unilateral facial palsy. Symptoms may include changes in taste, dry mouth, and hearing loss.
Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease
- Primarily caused by Group A Coxsackie viruses.
- Symptoms include malaise and spots on the buttocks and groin.
- Highly transmissible via air, coughing, fecal contact, and contaminated objects.
- Common in children and outbreaks occur in nurseries. Can last up to 8 weeks.
Mumps (Paramyxoviridae)
- Usually a childhood illness causing painful parotitis (inflammation of the parotid glands).
- If contracted after puberty: 1 in 4 males experience testicular swelling and pain; 1 in 20 females experience ovarian swelling.
- Other potential complications: 1 in 20 experience temporary hearing loss, 1 in 1000 viral meningitis, and 1 in 20 acute pancreatitis.
- Most contagious before symptom onset. Swelling of parotid glands lasts 1-2 weeks.
Measles (Measles morbillivirus)
- Highly infectious disease spread through air droplets and surfaces.
- Characteristic exanthematous rash and Koplik's spots in the mouth.
- Associated symptoms include headache, fever, sore throat.
- Serious complications include stillbirth/miscarriage (in pregnancy), vision loss, subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (1 in 25,000), fits/seizures. Management involves eating cool soft foods, avoiding NSAIDs, cold compresses, sunblock, hydration, and rest.
General Management of Viral Infections
- Staff protection and infection control measures are crucial.
- Symptomatic management and referral as needed.
HIV
- Refer to separate Sexually Transmitted Disease lecture.
Kissing and Bacterial Transfer
- Approximately 80 million bacteria are transferred during a kiss.
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