Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary mode of CMV infection?

  • Vector-borne transmission
  • Direct contact with bodily fluids (correct)
  • Food-borne transmission
  • Airborne transmission

Which drug is a DNA polymerase inhibitor used in the treatment of CMV infection?

  • Amphotericin B
  • Azithromycin
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Cidofovir (correct)

In which patient population is Maribavir specifically used for resistant CMV?

  • Pediatric patients
  • Pregnant women
  • Renal patients (correct)
  • Elderly patients

Which organ transplantation procedure is most affected by CMV reactivation?

<p>Kidney transplantation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the hallmark of CMV infection histologically known as?

<p>&quot;Owl eyes&quot; inclusion bodies (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is associated with Burkitt lymphoma in immunocompromised individuals primarily outside the U.S.?

<p>Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common mode of transmission for Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)?

<p>Saliva (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus causes over 90% of cases of infectious mononucleosis, also known as the 'kissing disease'?

<p>Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a symptom associated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection?

<p>Pneumonia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is commonly treated with Ganciclovir or Valganciclovir?

<p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which virus is the main focus of treatment with Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir?

<p>Cytomegalovirus (CMV) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which infection is commonly associated with symptoms like postherpetic neuralgia?

<p>Shingles (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In case of resistance to acyclovir in HSV infections, which drug is used as an alternative (though nephrotoxic)?

<p>Foscarnet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is known for causing nephrotoxicity and is primarily used in the treatment of CMV infections?

<p>Foscarnet (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which antiviral drug is known for inhibiting viral DNA polymerase to stop DNA synthesis in the treatment of various herpes infections?

<p>Acyclovir (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended treatment for Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompromised patients?

<p>Valganciclovir (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of Ganciclovir therapy for CMV infection?

<p>Peripheral neuropathy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mode of transmission of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)?

<p>Respiratory droplets (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following antiviral drugs is a pyrophosphate analog used in the treatment of Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis?

<p>Foscarnet (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which patient population is Maribavir primarily indicated for the treatment of CMV infection?

<p>Immunocompromised patients (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which treatment for CMV works by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase and causing termination of DNA elongation?

<p>Foscarnet (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir in treating CMV?

<p>Selective inhibition of CMV replication by DNA incorporation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential side effect of Foscarnet used in CMV treatment?

<p>Nephrotoxicity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which medication used for CMV treatment can lead to the development of retinitis as a side effect?

<p>Cidofovir (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which CMV treatment is known for its mechanism of action involving inhibition of the viral terminase complex?

<p>Maribavir (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

CMV Transmission

Direct contact with bodily fluids, particularly saliva, urine, blood, and semen.

Cidofovir

A DNA polymerase inhibitor used to treat CMV infection.

Maribavir

Specifically used to treat resistant CMV in renal transplant patients.

CMV Reactivation and Transplantation

Kidney transplantation is most affected by CMV reactivation due to the immunosuppressant drugs used.

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"Owl Eyes" Inclusion Bodies

"Owl eyes" are distinctive nuclear inclusions found in infected cells, characteristic of CMV.

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EBV and Burkitt Lymphoma

EBV is linked to Burkitt lymphoma in immunocompromised individuals outside the US.

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EBV Transmission

Saliva is the primary mode of EBV transmission, making it highly contagious.

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EBV and Infectious Mononucleosis

EBV is responsible for most cases of infectious mononucleosis, a common illness, especially in young adults.

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EBV Symptoms

Pneumonia is not a typical symptom of EBV infection. Other symptoms include fatigue, fever, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes.

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Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir for CMV

Ganciclovir and Valganciclovir are commonly used to treat CMV infection.

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Targeting CMV with Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir

Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir are primarily used to treat CMV infections, targeting the virus's replication.

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Shingles and Postherpetic Neuralgia

Shingles, caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus, can lead to postherpetic neuralgia, a painful condition.

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Foscarnet as an Alternative

When acyclovir fails to treat HSV infections, foscarnet is an alternative, but it can cause kidney damage.

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Foscarnet and Nephrotoxicity

Foscarnet is a drug primarily used for CMV infections and can lead to kidney toxicity.

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Acyclovir Mechanism of Action

Acyclovir is an antiviral drug that inhibits viral DNA polymerase, halting DNA synthesis in various herpes infections.

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Valganciclovir for Immunocompromised Patients

Valganciclovir is the recommended treatment for CMV infection in immunocompromised individuals.

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Ganciclovir Side Effects

Peripheral neuropathy, a condition affecting the nerves, is a potential side effect of Ganciclovir therapy.

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EBV Transmission via Droplets

Respiratory droplets are the primary route of transmission for EBV, similar to how many respiratory viruses spread.

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Foscarnet for CMV Retinitis

Foscarnet, a pyrophosphate analog, is used to treat CMV retinitis, a serious complication in the eye.

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Maribavir for Immunocompromised Patients

Maribavir is primarily indicated for the treatment of CMV infection in immunocompromised patients, especially those with resistance to other drugs.

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Foscarnet Mechanism of Action

Foscarnet inhibits viral DNA polymerase, preventing DNA elongation, thus stopping CMV replication.

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Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir Mechanism of Action

Ganciclovir/Valganciclovir selectively inhibit CMV replication by incorporating into the virus's DNA, effectively halting its growth.

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Foscarnet and Nephrotoxicity

Nephrotoxicity, damage to the kidneys, is a potential side effect of Foscarnet treatment.

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Cidofovir and Retinitis

Cidofovir, used for CMV treatment, can lead to retinitis, an inflammation of the retina, as a side effect.

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Maribavir Mechanism of Action

Maribavir inhibits the viral terminase complex, a crucial factor in DNA packaging and release, effectively stopping the virus's spread.

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