Variable Gage R&R and Average/Range Method

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Questions and Answers

What does GRR stand for in the context of measurement systems?

General Reliability and Reassurance
Gauge Repeatability and Reproducibility (correct)
Gauge Review and Regression
Group Repeatability and Review

Which term refers to the variation in measurements taken by the same operator using the same measuring device?

Accuracy
Reproducibility
Repeatability (correct)
Precision

What does the 'R' in R&R specifically measure?

Random error in measurements
Repeatability of a single measurement
Resolution of the measurement system
Reproducibility across different operators (correct)

Why is it important to check the stability of a measurement system before conducting a Gage R&R?

It verifies that the measurement does not change over time. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What guideline does the AIAG provide related to Gage R&R?

The measurement system must be capable of distinguishing between different products. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does accuracy refer to in a measurement system?

Closeness to the true value (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes precision in a measurement system?

The degree of repeatability of measurements (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is considered a measurement system's bias?

The difference between observed averages and reference values (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does repeatability measure in a measurement system?

Variation in measurements using one gage by one operator (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does stability refer to in measurement systems?

The consistency of bias as time progresses (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is linearity in the context of measurement systems?

The change in bias over the normal operating range (D) Signup and view all the answers

What does GRR stand for, and what does it estimate?

Gage Repeatability and Reproducibility; estimates combined measurement variation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which percentage indicates that a measurement system is considered precise?

GRR < 30% (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does repeatability refer to in the context of measurement?

The variation in measurements by the same appraiser using the same device. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which variation is assessed when considering multiple appraisers using the same measurement device?

Reproducibility (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct interpretation of 'bias' in measurement systems?

The deviation of measured values from the true value. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the variation in measurements taken by the same device over time?

Stability (A) Signup and view all the answers

What must be established before trusting measurement decisions about products?

That measurement precision and accuracy are verified. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which variation is NOT related to the equipment used in measurements?

Appraiser Variation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does uniformity refer to in the context of measurement?

The consistency of measurements across different trials. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect of measurement refers to the capability of a measurement system to provide the same results under consistent conditions?

Repeatability (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of conducting the Average and Range Method?

To assess measurement system precision and accuracy (C) Signup and view all the answers

How many appraisers should be selected for the Average and Range Method?

Two to three (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is required for the gauge before conducting measurements?

It must be calibrated if necessary (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which method can be used if Minitab software is not available?

Average and Range Method (A) Signup and view all the answers

What does the total Gage R&R represent?

The sum of repeatability and reproducibility variance components (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of repeatability in Gage R&R?

Variability in measurements by the same operator (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these steps is part of conducting a Gage R&R study using the Average and Range Method?

Randomize the order of parts for each appraiser (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential drawback of using Excel for the Average and Range Method?

It can complicate the calculations (A) Signup and view all the answers

What indicates that linearity is not acceptable in a graphical analysis?

The bias = 0 line does not lie entirely inside the 95% confidence interval (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the p-value threshold indicating acceptable linearity in numerical analysis?

p-value should be greater than 0.05 (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a possible cause for significant bias in linearity?

Large sample size (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of poor maintenance that could affect linearity?

Poor air filtration in the measurement environment (D) Signup and view all the answers

What should be considered if the calibration of an instrument does not cover the operating range?

It may lead to biased results (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following distributions could indicate data is not normally distributed?

Uniform distribution (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential issue that may arise from using the wrong gage for an application?

Reduced measurement precision (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a possible outcome of not having enough data in a linearity analysis?

Potential misrepresentation of variability (C) Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Variable Gage R&R

The Variable Gage R&R measures the measurement system variation related to Repeatability and Reproducibility.
Repeatability is the variation in measurements taken by the same appraiser using the same measurement device on the same part.
Reproducibility is the variation in measurements taken by different appraisers using the same measurement device on the same part.
The Average and Range Method can evaluate a measurement system if Minitab software is unavailable.

Average and Range Method

The Average and Range Method uses at least ten parts that represent the range of the process variation.
The selected parts should be numbered to prevent appraisers from identifying them.
Two to three appraisers are required, and each appraiser should measure the same part two to three times.
The Average and Range method uses the Gage R&R Study (crossed) in Minitab.

Accuracy Analysis - Linearity

If the Bias = 0 line is entirely inside the 95% confidence interval, then linearity is acceptable.
If the Bias = 0 line is not entirely inside the 95% confidence interval, then linearity is not acceptable.
If the Slope and Intercept p-values in the numerical analysis are greater than 0.05, then linearity is acceptable.

Possible causes for significant bias (or linearity)

Possible causes of significant bias (or linearity) include instrument calibration, worn instrument or fixture, poor maintenance, worn or damaged master(s), improper calibration, poor quality instrument, wrong gage for the application, and different measurement methods.
Possible causes of non-normality in data could include outliers, poor equipment resolution, insufficient data, or a data set that follows a different distribution such as Poison, Uniform, Weibull, Gamma, or Beta.

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