Questions and Answers
What is the drug class of Valsartan?
Which of the following are contraindications for Valsartan?
Name two side effects of Valsartan.
Dizziness and drowsiness
What is one life-threatening adverse reaction associated with Valsartan?
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What can increase the hypotensive effects of Valsartan?
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What should patients avoid while taking Valsartan?
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What should be assessed periodically throughout therapy with Valsartan?
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Study Notes
Valsartan (Diovan)
- Drug Class: Antihypertensive medication categorized as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB).
Contraindications
- Not suitable for individuals with hypersensitivity to valsartan.
- Should be avoided during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Exercise caution in patients with renal or hepatic impairments, hypotension, hypovolemia, or hyperkalemia.
Side Effects
- Common side effects include dizziness, drowsiness, and blurred vision.
- Other reactions may involve headache, diarrhea, insomnia, fatigue, and arthralgia.
- Rarely, a cough may occur.
Life-threatening Adverse Reactions
- Potentially life-threatening: renal dysfunction.
- Other complications might include orthostatic hypotension, hypoglycemia, and hyperkalemia.
Drug and Lab Interactions
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Drug interactions:
- Antihypertensives, diuretics, MAOIs, and alcohol may enhance hypotensive effects.
- ACE inhibitors and aspirin can elevate the risk of hyperkalemia and renal dysfunction.
- Digoxin and NSAIDs may worsen renal function.
- Lithium toxicity may increase due to valsartan.
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Lab interactions:
- Valsartan may elevate levels of AST, ALT, ALP, bilirubin, BUN, creatinine, hematocrit (Hct), and hemoglobin (Hgb).
Assessment
- Monitor blood pressure in various positions (lying, sitting, standing) throughout treatment.
- Review patient's entire drug regimen for potential drug-drug interactions.
Patient Teaching
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Stress the necessity of adhering to prescribed dosage, even if patient feels well.
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If a dose is missed, instruct to take it as soon as remembered, avoiding double doses.
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Consistency in timing of medication administration is important; take at the same time daily.
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Advise against using salt substitutes high in potassium and foods containing excessive potassium or sodium.
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Warn about the risk of orthostatic hypotension; encourage patients to stand up slowly.
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Caution patients against activities requiring alertness until they know how the medication affects them.
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Instruct to report any swelling of face, lips, or tongue, or issues with swallowing or breathing.
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Advise women of childbearing age to consider contraception or inform healthcare provider if pregnancy is suspected.
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Educate about alternative hypertension reduction methods: weight loss, low sodium diet, quitting smoking, moderating alcohol consumption, regular exercise, and stress management.
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Instruct not to consume grapefruit, as it can amplify drug effects.
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Description
Test your knowledge with these flashcards on Valsartan, an antihypertensive medication classified as an angiotensin II receptor blocker. Explore key concepts such as drug class, contraindications, and potential side effects. Perfect for students or healthcare professionals looking to enhance their understanding of this medication.
