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Vaccine Development Approaches

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Questions and Answers

What is a benefit of using synthetic peptides in vaccine development?

They eliminate the possibility of reversion to virulence. (correct)
They can only be used for viral proteins with a single antigenic determinant.
They are more cost-effective than recombinant DNA techniques.
They provide a stronger immune response than intact proteins.

What is the main advantage of edible vaccines?

They are more effective than traditional vaccines.
They provide lifelong immunity to viral infections.
They offer a cost-effective way of delivering vaccines. (correct)
They can only be used for a limited number of viral infections.

What is the principle behind naked DNA vaccines?

The use of recombinant DNA techniques to insert the gene of interest into a viral genome.
The injection of plasmids carrying the gene for the protein of interest into host cells. (correct)
The administration of vaccine locally to stimulate a response.
The use of synthetic peptides to stimulate an immune response.

What is the advantage of using recombinant DNA techniques in vaccine development?

They allow for the production of vaccines that are cheaper than traditional methods. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a challenge of using synthetic peptides in vaccine development?

The immune response induced is considerably weaker than that induced by intact proteins. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a goal of the approaches mentioned in the text?

To improve vaccine safety by avoiding the incorporation of viral nucleic acid. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the genetic basis of the attenuation of most viral vaccines?

The genetic basis is not known because it was selected empirically. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of killed-virus vaccines prepared from whole virions?

They stimulate the development of circulating antibody against the coat proteins of the virus. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is a difference between killed-virus vaccines and live-virus vaccines?

Killed-virus vaccines use virus mutants that antigenically overlap with wild-type virus. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of killed-virus vaccines?

They do not provide lifelong immunity to the virus strain. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of mild formalin treatment in vaccine development?

To kill the virus and render it non-infectious. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of live-virus vaccines compared to killed-virus vaccines?

They act more like a natural infection with regard to their effect on immunity. (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of enfuvirtide in treating viral infections?

It blocks the conformational change that initiates membrane fusion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of valacyclovir over acyclovir?

It can be taken orally and is metabolized to acyclovir (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of ganciclovir in treating CMV infections?

DNA polymerase (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the immune response in preventing viral disease?

To recognize and respond to specific antigens on the surface of virus particles (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of enveloped viruses that is important for vaccine development?

The presence of surface glycoproteins (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of viral vaccine development?

To use the adaptive immune response of the host to prevent viral disease (A) Signup and view all the answers

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