Vaccination Schedule Exam
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Questions and Answers

What is a live attenuated vaccine?

  • A vaccine made from dead viruses or bacteria
  • A vaccine that requires no special handling or storage
  • A vaccine that contains weakened antibodies
  • A vaccine with modified antigens that are still live (correct)

    • What is the primary risk associated with live attenuated vaccines?

  • They can induce illness in immunocompromised individuals (correct)
  • They require special handling and storage
  • They often cause severe infections in patients
  • They are ineffective in stimulating an immunologic response

    • Why are live attenuated vaccines considered labile?

  • Because they contain inactive viruses or bacteria
  • Because they require no special handling or storage
  • Because they are made from weakened antibodies
  • Because they are easily affected by external factors (correct)

    • How are live attenuated vaccines different from the wild strain of the disease?

    <p>They induce a milder form of the disease compared to the wild strain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do frozen vaccines need to be transported in a special cooler?

    <p>To keep them at the right temperature and storage conditions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can interfere with the immune response when giving live attenuated vaccines?

    <p>Antibodies circulating in the patient's body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a booster dose given for live attenuated vaccines in the US?

    <p>To prevent coverage in case the first shot failed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes inactivated vaccines from live vaccines?

    <p>Inactivated vaccines cannot replicate inside the body to cause disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organization is responsible for creating the immunization schedules and recommendations?

    <p>American Academy of Pediatrics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP)?

    <p>To provide guidance on vaccine administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vaccine is mentioned as being given intranasally?

    <p>FluMist</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are inactivated vaccines mostly given with a lot of boosters?

    <p>It takes a lot of antigen to stimulate the immune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes live attenuated vaccines from inactivated vaccines?

    <p>Live attenuated vaccines contain live viruses that can replicate inside the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vaccine is VARIVAX, mentioned in the text?

    <p>Live attenuated vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role do antibodies circulating in the patient's body play when giving live attenuated vaccines?

    <p>They can interfere with the immune response to the vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are booster shots needed for inactivated vaccines like DTaP?

    <p>To prevent coverage in case the first shot failed or didn't take</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can Pneumococcal vaccine be given?

    <p>6 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the catch-up schedule for Pneumococcal vaccine needed?

    <p>At 2 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who needs both the pneumococcal (PCV) and PCV 23 vaccines?

    <p>Children with chronic diseases like asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can't the 23-valent vaccine be used in younger children?

    <p>Younger children don't respond well to this vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age does the Hepatitis A vaccine typically start?

    <p>1 year</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How much time should be between the two doses of Hepatitis A vaccine?

    <p>6 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the MCV4 meningococcal vaccine typically given to children?

    <p>At 11-12 years old</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the booster dose of MCV4 meningococcal vaccine given?

    <p>After age 16-18</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Trumenba or Bexsero vaccines?

    <p>To prevent meningitis B in close quarters living</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication seen from influenza?

    <p>Secondary pneumonia from a bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the danger associated with influenza in children?

    <p>Development of Reyes syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical symptom of having flu A?

    <p>Terrible muscle aches and headaches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do some patients refuse to take the flu shot?

    <p>They believe they can get the flu from the vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do children need to receive a double dose of the influenza vaccine?

    <p>Because one dose is not sufficient for them</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important for parents to know about children getting their first round of flu vaccine?

    <p>They need to receive a split dose of the vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who is recommended to receive the FluMist vaccine?

    <p>Healthy individuals or those who refuse to take a shot</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are patients advised that they cannot get the flu from the non-live vaccine?

    <p>To address misconceptions about getting ill from the vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should patients know about the timing of flu vaccine's full effect?

    <p>$10 to $14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Do I have the flu?' What does this question emphasize?

    <p>'I've got allergies today'</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is important for healthcare professionals during flu season in relation to educating patients?

    <p>Discussing with patients that they can get the flu after getting a flu shot if not enough time has passed for immunity to develop</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine typically given to a newborn?

    <p>At birth, within the first 48 hours</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of combination vaccines like Pediarix and Pentacel?

    <p>They require fewer vaccine doses for the child</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended schedule for administering DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis) vaccine?

    <p>2 months, 4 months, 6 months, and 15 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does HBIG refer to in the context of hepatitis B vaccination?

    <p>Hepatitis B Immune Globulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence if the last DTaP dose was given after the fourth birthday?

    <p>The child doesn't need a fifth dose</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of not restarting a series for hepatitis B vaccines?

    <p>It ensures timely administration of subsequent doses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of giving HBIG within 12 hours of birth to newborns?

    <p>To prevent the transmission of hepatitis B from mother to baby</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens if a patient had two hepatitis B vaccines and then didn't receive another one for four years?

    <p>The last dose needs to be given without restarting the series</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to use the same DTaP product for all doses if possible?

    <p>To reduce confusion and errors in vaccination records</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can the fourth dose of DTaP be administered if six months have elapsed since the third dose?

    <p>15 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be done if a child is unlikely to return at age 15 to 16 months for DTaP vaccination?

    <p>Administer Tdap instead of DTaP at age 12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can the HPV vaccine be given?

    <p>9 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum time gap required between doses of the HPV vaccine?

    <p>4 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text mention that dose three of the HPV vaccine, if given after the fourth birthday, does not need a fourth dose?

    <p>To emphasize the importance of timely vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required time gap between doses for a three-dose series of the HPV vaccine?

    <p>12 weeks</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it mentioned that if a patient has two doses of the HPV vaccine before their 16th birthday, that's considered a complete series?

    <p>To demonstrate the efficacy of a reduced dosage regimen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age can the varicella vaccine dosage number one be given?

    <p>12 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text emphasize that varicella dose number one should be given on or after the first birthday?

    <p>To avoid complications from early vaccination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum time gap for giving a booster dose of varicella after the first dose?

    <p>3 months</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What concept is referred to as 'live to live' in the context of vaccines?

    <p>'Same day' concept</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text emphasize that varicella and MMR vaccines cannot be given together if they are requested a few days apart?

    <p>To highlight potential adverse effects on immune system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes varicella vaccine a tough vaccine mentioned in the text?

    <p>It requires special handling due to its frozen state.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does insurance play in encouraging early administration of HPV vaccine mentioned in the text?

    <p>It assesses vaccination practices based on patient age.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for recommending Tdap for kids ages 11 to 18?

    <p>To prevent pertussis primarily</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should moms be vaccinated with Tdap according to the new recommendation?

    <p>After 20 weeks gestation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of vaccinating pregnant moms with Tdap?

    <p>To protect the fetus from pertussis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    At what age is Tdap used if a patient didn't complete the primary Dtap series?

    <p>At age 7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between Tdap and Dtap vaccines?

    <p>The target age groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main focus of immunization with Tdap for pregnant women?

    <p>Preventing pertussis in infants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why can Tdap be administered to babies as early as six weeks of age?

    <p>To ensure timely immunization in exceptional circumstances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern regarding pertussis that drives the recommendation for Tdap vaccination?

    <p>Its increasing prevalence globally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main objective of recommending Tdap with every single pregnancy?

    <p>To transfer antibodies to each fetus and protect against pertussis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Tdap from DTaP in terms of vaccination schedule?

    <p>Age criteria for vaccine administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does the text emphasize administering Tdap to pregnant moms even after childbirth?

    <p>To help maintain maternal immunity against pertussis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What drives the recommendation to use Tdap in place of Dtap for patients who missed the primary Dtap series?

    <p>Need to ensure complete protection against pertussis at older ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

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