6.1 Vaccination Program Implementation Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of implementing vaccines?

To create individual and heard immunity

What is the difference between mandatory and recommended vaccination?

Mandatory vaccination is required by law, while recommended vaccination is not legally enforced.

Why is it important to evaluate vaccination programs?

To assess their effectiveness and identify areas for improvement.

What is the benefit of community immunity or herd immunity for a population?

Develop protection for entire population, especially those who cannot be vaccinated and those who cannot develop protection after vaccination. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the population needs to be vaccinated to achieve community immunity or herd immunity?

More than 90-95% of the population Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of immunity involved in individual protection?

INNATE IMMUNITY and B cell or humoral immunity, T cell or cellular immunity Signup and view all the answers

tell me a little about poliomyelitis

Its an enterovirus and and RNA vaccine It has 3 diffrent serotypes Transmition is faeco-oral Can cause paralytic palio in children Signup and view all the answers

how does organisation of vaccine work

Define Burden of disease- define target population - how to reach target population - reach high vaccination coverage - sustain high vaccination coverage Signup and view all the answers

What does NITAG stand for and what is it

It stands for national immunization technical advisory group Its the recommendations made per each country Signup and view all the answers

what types of implemetations of vaccin programs are there

Individual- mostly for adults Organized vaccination - in schools and baby clinics Mass vaccination campaign - like covid Signup and view all the answers

What temp are vaccined stored at

varies older ones at 2-8 but the new ones can be -20 or -70 Signup and view all the answers

explain how to evaluate the vaccination programs

<ol> <li>Epidemiology of vaccine preventable disease a pre vaccine b post vaccine era</li> <li>vaccination coverarge studies 3 serporevalence studies</li> <li>vaccinovigilance- adverse event reposrting</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Purpose of Vaccines

Vaccines are designed to stimulate the immune system, providing protection against infectious diseases.
They can prevent outbreaks and control the spread of diseases by enabling the body to recognize and fight pathogens.

Mandatory vs. Recommended Vaccination

Mandatory vaccination is required by law, often for school entry or employment, ensuring high vaccination rates for public safety.
Recommended vaccination is suggested for individuals but not enforced, allowing personal choice while still promoting herd immunity.

Importance of Evaluating Vaccination Programs

Evaluating vaccination programs helps to determine their effectiveness, pinpoint areas for improvement, and ensure resources are used efficiently.
Regular assessment ensures that vaccination strategies evolve based on epidemiological data and public health needs.

Community Immunity (Herd Immunity)

Community immunity occurs when a significant portion of the population is vaccinated, protecting those who are unvaccinated or cannot be vaccinated.
This reduces the overall amount of the virus or bacteria available to spread, decreasing disease transmission.

Percentage for Herd Immunity

The percentage of a population that needs to be vaccinated to achieve herd immunity varies by disease, generally ranging from 70% to 95%.
High levels of vaccination are crucial for diseases like measles which require about 95% for effective herd immunity.

Types of Immunity for Individual Protection

Active immunity is acquired through infection or vaccination, leading to the development of antibodies by the immune system.
Passive immunity is given through external sources, such as maternal antibodies or antibody-containing treatments, providing immediate but temporary protection.

Poliomyelitis Overview

Poliomyelitis, commonly known as polio, is a highly infectious viral disease that can lead to paralysis or even death.
Vaccination has led to a significant decline in polio cases worldwide, working towards global eradication.

Organization of Vaccine Distribution

Vaccine delivery involves planning logistics, including storage, transportation, and administration strategies.
Effective organization addresses cold chain requirements, ensuring vaccines remain effective throughout distribution.

NITAG Definition

NITAG stands for National Immunization Technical Advisory Group.
NITAG provides expert advice on immunization policies, helping to guide decisions on vaccine usage and policy implementation.

Types of Vaccine Program Implementations

Routine vaccination programs deliver vaccines as part of standard healthcare practices.
Mass vaccination campaigns target specific populations during outbreaks or in high-risk areas to quickly increase immunization rates.

Vaccine Storage Temperature

Vaccines are typically stored at temperatures between 2°C to 8°C (35°F to 46°F) to maintain efficacy.
Proper cold chain management is essential to prevent vaccine spoilage and maintain immunization quality.

Evaluating Vaccination Programs

Evaluation involves collecting and analyzing data on vaccination coverage, disease incidence, and program outcomes.
Key metrics include immunization rates, side effects monitoring, and assessment of public attitudes towards vaccines to inform future strategies.

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Description

Test your knowledge about the implementation of vaccination programs, including the need for strategies, organization, recommendations, schedules, and evaluation. Explore the importance of mandatory versus recommended vaccinations and the registration process.