Vaccination Impact on Infectious Diseases Control
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Questions and Answers

How do DNA vaccines work?

  • Differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals
  • Using killed or inactivated pathogens to induce immunity
  • Generating mRNA in the cell, which expresses the antigenic protein (correct)
  • Cloning and inserting immunogenic genes into a vector for infection
  • What is a key feature of mRNA vaccines?

  • Presentation of antigens by dendritic cells
  • Differentiation between types of bacterial diseases
  • Injection via lipid nanoparticles (correct)
  • Induction of an immune response by an attenuated virus
  • Which type of vaccine involves cloning immunogenic genes into a non-disease-causing virus vector?

  • Subunit vaccine
  • Recombinant organism vaccine (correct)
  • Live vector vaccine
  • Killed/Inactivated vaccine
  • What is the role of adjuvants in vaccines?

    <p>Enhancing immune response to combined antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did Andrew Wakefield's study falsely link to vaccines?

    <p>Association of MMR vaccine with autism and IBD</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which technology involves using a virus vector incapable of causing disease in the host?

    <p>Recombinant organism vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes DNA vaccines from recombinant organism vaccines?

    <p>&quot;Generating mRNA from plasmids for antigenic protein expression&quot; method</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Clone the gene that codes the immunogenic protein' is associated with which type of vaccine technology?

    <p>&quot;Recombinant subunit vaccine&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Induces an immune response' is a characteristic of which type of vaccine technology?

    <p>&quot;Recombinant organism vaccines&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Important in prolonged response' best describes which element related to vaccine development?

    <p>&quot;Adjuvants&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did individuals in ancient China observe about smallpox survivors?

    <p>They never contracted smallpox again.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the technique used in ancient times to protect against smallpox?

    <p>Variolation by infecting individuals with smallpox scabs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which vaccine introduced in 1879 by Louis Pasteur was a significant milestone in immunology?

    <p>Chickenpox vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of immunization involves the passive transfer of preformed antibodies specific to a particular antigen?

    <p>Passive immunization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of active immunization over passive immunization?

    <p>Long-lasting protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What form of immunization is most commonly achieved through vaccines?

    <p>Active immunization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term describes the process of deliberately infecting individuals with smallpox scabs to create immunity?

    <p>Variolation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of Edward Jenner's work in 1796?

    <p>&quot;Vaccinating&quot; individuals against smallpox using cowpox</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Vaccination' comes from the Latin word 'Vacca,' which means:

    <p>&quot;Cow&quot;</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Antivenom' is an example of which type of immunization?

    <p>&quot;Natural&quot; administration of antibodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the year when the World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared smallpox eradicated?

    <p>1980</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region was not mentioned as a target for the eradication of Rinderpest?

    <p>North America</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating Vaccine Efficacy (VE) according to the text?

    <p>(ARU - ARV) × 100 / ARU</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In vaccine development, what do live-attenuated vaccines primarily aim to do?

    <p>Maintain the ability to replicate but with reduced virulence</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of vaccine involves using chimeric organisms in its development?

    <p>Live attenuated vaccine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of vaccine technology involves injecting only the essential pathogenicity components of the virus?

    <p>Nucleic acid vaccines</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the disadvantages mentioned in the text associated with live attenuated vaccines?

    <p>Annual vaccination is needed</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region was not listed as being easier to accomplish eradication according to the text?

    <p>'Reservoir' regions like raccoons and bats</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'In vitro' and 'In vivo' testing methods are associated with which vaccine development technology?

    <p>'Reverse vaccinology'</p> Signup and view all the answers

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