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Vaccination: History and Process

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Questions and Answers

What did Oswald T.Avery, Colin M. MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty demonstrate in their research?

The genetic material carried by DNA during transformation (correct)
The role of microorganisms in molecular biology
The relationship between genes and enzymes
Spontaneous gene mutations in bacteria

Who provided evidence supporting the 'one gene, one polypeptide hypothesis'?

Salvadore Luria and Max Delbruck
Frederick Griffith
Beadle and Edward L.Tatum (correct)
Oswald T.Avery, Colin M. MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty

Which kingdom do organisms like bacteria belong to?

Protista
Monera (correct)
Animalia
Fungi

What major discovery resulted from new findings in microbiology during the 1970s?

Development of recombinant DNA technology (D) Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes prokaryotic cells from eukaryotic cells?

Lacking a true nucleus (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern of microbiologists according to the text?

Viruses and members of the first three kingdoms (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of vaccination according to the text?

To inoculate healthy individuals with weakened microorganisms to provide protection from disease (A) Signup and view all the answers

What did Pasteur and Roux discover when incubating cultures of chicken cholera bacteria for longer than normal?

The bacteria became attenuated and could no longer cause disease (C) Signup and view all the answers

What did Pasteur and Chamberland develop in addition to the attenuated anthrax vaccine?

An attenuated rabies vaccine (C) Signup and view all the answers

What important discovery did Sergei Winogradsky make about soil bacteria?

They could oxidize iron, sulfur, and ammonia to obtain energy (C) Signup and view all the answers

What significant contribution did Martinus Beijerinck make to the study of microorganisms?

He isolated aerobic nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria and sulfate-reducing bacteria (C) Signup and view all the answers

What important early discovery is attributed to George W. in the text?

No important early discoveries are attributed to George W. in the text (B) Signup and view all the answers

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