Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT one of the Three D's of Cognitive Impairment?
Which of the following is NOT one of the Three D's of Cognitive Impairment?
Which of the following is a risk factor for delirium?
Which of the following is a risk factor for delirium?
Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of delirium?
Which of the following is a distinguishing feature of delirium?
Which cognitive impairment usually has a gradual onset and slow steady pattern of decline?
Which cognitive impairment usually has a gradual onset and slow steady pattern of decline?
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What is the term for the inability to perform purposeful actions or movements?
What is the term for the inability to perform purposeful actions or movements?
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Which of the following is NOT a care strategy for delirium prevention?
Which of the following is NOT a care strategy for delirium prevention?
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What is the term for the irreversible state that slowly progresses over years and causes memory impairment and loss of intellectual functions?
What is the term for the irreversible state that slowly progresses over years and causes memory impairment and loss of intellectual functions?
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What is the term for the inability to recognize common objects and people, despite good vision or intact sensory abilities?
What is the term for the inability to recognize common objects and people, despite good vision or intact sensory abilities?
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What is the term for the loss of the ability to express and understand spoken and written language?
What is the term for the loss of the ability to express and understand spoken and written language?
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Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for delirium?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for delirium?
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Which of the following non-pharmacological approaches is based on the premise that orientation to person, place, and environment reduces responsive behaviors in individuals with dementia?
Which of the following non-pharmacological approaches is based on the premise that orientation to person, place, and environment reduces responsive behaviors in individuals with dementia?
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Which non-pharmacological approach involves validating the feelings expressed by individuals with dementia in order to reduce irritability?
Which non-pharmacological approach involves validating the feelings expressed by individuals with dementia in order to reduce irritability?
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Which non-pharmacological approach may help individuals with dementia refocus on different thoughts and feelings through touch and reassurance?
Which non-pharmacological approach may help individuals with dementia refocus on different thoughts and feelings through touch and reassurance?
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Which non-pharmacological approach enhances the quality of life for individuals with dementia through meaningful social interactions?
Which non-pharmacological approach enhances the quality of life for individuals with dementia through meaningful social interactions?
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Which non-pharmacological approach is supported by research in reducing disruptive behavior during and immediately after therapy?
Which non-pharmacological approach is supported by research in reducing disruptive behavior during and immediately after therapy?
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Which approach should be avoided for extreme responsive behaviors in individuals with dementia?
Which approach should be avoided for extreme responsive behaviors in individuals with dementia?
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Which symptom is NOT associated with depression in older adults?
Which symptom is NOT associated with depression in older adults?
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What are some negative outcomes of depression in older adults?
What are some negative outcomes of depression in older adults?
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Which is a non-pharmacological treatment option for depression?
Which is a non-pharmacological treatment option for depression?
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What should LPNs know about mental capacity?
What should LPNs know about mental capacity?
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Which type of dementia is the most common?
Which type of dementia is the most common?
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What are the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease?
What are the symptoms of Parkinson's Disease?
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What is the main focus of dementia-responsive behaviors?
What is the main focus of dementia-responsive behaviors?
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How does pain perception change in dementia?
How does pain perception change in dementia?
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What is the main focus of the GPA approach in dementia care?
What is the main focus of the GPA approach in dementia care?
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What are the symptoms of Sundown Syndrome?
What are the symptoms of Sundown Syndrome?
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What are the nursing actions for addressing wandering/exiting behaviors in dementia?
What are the nursing actions for addressing wandering/exiting behaviors in dementia?
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What are the interventions for addressing feeding difficulties in dementia?
What are the interventions for addressing feeding difficulties in dementia?
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What is the main goal of dementia care in the GPA approach?
What is the main goal of dementia care in the GPA approach?
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What is the main focus of the Sundown Syndrome nursing actions?
What is the main focus of the Sundown Syndrome nursing actions?
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Study Notes
Cognitive Impairment
- The Three D's of Cognitive Impairment are not specifically mentioned, but delirium, dementia, and depression are discussed.
- Delirium is a risk factor for dementia.
Delirium
- A distinguishing feature of delirium is a sudden onset and rapid decline.
- Risk factors for delirium include:
- Multiple medications
- Sensory impairment
- Infection
- Dehydration
- Electrolyte imbalance
- Care strategies for delirium prevention include:
- Reducing noise and stimulation
- Promoting sleep
- Encouraging mobility
- Providing visual aids and orientation cues
- Avoiding restraints
Dementia
- Dementia is a gradual onset and slow steady pattern of decline.
- Alzheimer's disease is the most common type of dementia.
- Symptoms of dementia include:
- Memory impairment
- Loss of intellectual functions
- Inability to recognize common objects and people (agnosia)
- Inability to express and understand spoken and written language (aphasia)
- Non-pharmacological approaches for dementia care include:
- Validating feelings to reduce irritability
- Providing touch and reassurance to refocus on different thoughts and feelings
- Enhancing quality of life through meaningful social interactions
- Reducing disruptive behavior during and immediately after therapy
Depression
- Depression is not a risk factor for delirium.
- Symptoms of depression in older adults include:
- Sadness
- Loss of interest
- Changes in appetite and sleep
- Fatigue
- Negative outcomes of depression in older adults include:
- Decreased functionality
- Increased morbidity
- Decreased quality of life
- Non-pharmacological treatment options for depression include:
- Cognitive-behavioral therapy
- Interpersonal therapy
Mental Capacity
- LPNs should know that mental capacity refers to the ability to make informed decisions.
Parkinson's Disease
- Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease include:
- Tremors
- Rigidity
- Bradykinesia (slow movement)
Dementia-Responsive Behaviors
- The main focus is on understanding and addressing the underlying causes of responsive behaviors.
Pain Perception
- Pain perception changes in dementia, becoming more difficult to assess and manage.
GPA Approach
- The main focus of the GPA approach in dementia care is on providing person-centered care.
Sundown Syndrome
- Symptoms of Sundown Syndrome include:
- Agitation
- Aggression
- Confusion
- Restlessness
- Nursing actions for addressing Sundown Syndrome include:
- Providing a calm and peaceful environment
- Reducing stimulation
- Encouraging relaxation techniques
Wandering/Exiting Behaviors
- Nursing actions for addressing wandering/exiting behaviors in dementia include:
- Providing a safe and secure environment
- Encouraging physical activity
- Redirecting the individual to a safe area
Feeding Difficulties
- Interventions for addressing feeding difficulties in dementia include:
- Providing a calm and distraction-free environment
- Encouraging independence
- Offering assistance as needed
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Description
Test your knowledge on cognitive impairments and associated disorders in aging. Learn about the three D's of cognitive impairment - delirium, dementia, and depression - and understand the challenges in differentiating between them. Explore the rapid onset of delirium and the gradual progression of dementia. Assess your understanding of cognitive assessment in older adults.
