Podcast
Questions and Answers
When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India?
When did Mahatma Gandhi return to India?
What did Gandhi do to identify with Indias rural poor?
What did Gandhi do to identify with Indias rural poor?
What was the indirect goal of Gandhi's last hunger strike?
What was the indirect goal of Gandhi's last hunger strike?
Study Notes
- Mahatma Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869 in Gujarat, India.
- Gandhi trained as a lawyer and moved to South Africa in 1893 to represent an Indian merchant.
- In 1915, Gandhi returned to India and began to lead the Indian National Congress.
- Gandhi led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding womens rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and, above all, achieving swaraj or self-rule.
- Gandhi adopted the short dhoti woven with hand-spun yarn as a mark of identification with Indias rural poor.
- Gandhi began to live in a self-sufficient residential community, to eat simple food, and undertake long fasts as a means of both introspection and political protest.
- In 1947, Britain granted independence to India and the British Indian Empire was partitioned into two dominions, a Hindu-majority India and a Muslim-majority Pakistan.
- Gandhi attempted to alleviate distress in the months following independence, and undertook several hunger strikes.
- The last of these, begun in Delhi on January 12, 1948, had the indirect goal of pressuring India to pay out some cash assets owed to Pakistan.
- Mahatma Gandhi died on January 30, 1948.
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Test your knowledge on Mahatma Gandhi's life, beliefs, and contributions to India's independence movement.