UX Principles: Jakob, Fitts, Miller
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Questions and Answers

What does Miller's law suggest regarding the number of choices a user should be presented with?

  • There is no strict limit on the number of options. (correct)
  • Users should always be limited to seven options.
  • Users should have as many options as they want.
  • More options will always confuse users.

    • Hick's Law states that increasing the number and complexity of choices decreases decision time.

    False

    What is one way designers can minimize confusion for users?

    By breaking complex tasks into smaller steps.

    According to Postel's Law, a designer should be conservative in what they do, but _______ in what they accept from others.

    <p>liberal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the design principles with their descriptions:

    <p>Miller's Law = The idea that the number of options should be understood contextually. Hick's Law = Decision time increases with the number of choices. Postel's Law = Be conservative in what you do and liberal in what you accept from others. Key Takeaways = Strategies to minimize confusion and enhance usability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key takeaway from Hick's Law?

    <p>One should always provide as many options as possible.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Understanding users' goals and constraints is critical for reducing confusion in design.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What problem does redundancy and excessiveness create in design?

    <p>Confusion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main principle of Jakob's Law?

    <p>Users transfer expectations from familiar sites to new ones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The familiarity of a site can lead to a higher cognitive load for the user.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the value of using existing mental models in user experience design?

    <p>It helps users know immediately how to use a digital product, enhancing usability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Users are more likely to adopt new technology if it includes familiar __________ and interaction patterns.

    <p>components</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their descriptions:

    <p>Jakob's Law = Users prefer familiar interactions. Cognitive Load = Mental effort used to learn an interface. User Personas = Defined characteristic profiles of target users. Familiarity = Helps with quick understanding of usability.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be minimized when making changes to a digital product?

    <p>Mental model mismatches for users</p> Signup and view all the answers

    User personas provide a clear definition of a target audience for design teams.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Give two examples of common components in user interface design.

    <p>Sidebars and search fields</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of user personas?

    <p>To frame design decisions based on real user needs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Fitts's Law suggests that touch targets should be small and closely spaced.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of items the average person can hold in their working memory according to Miller's Law?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    User personas foster _____ and serve as memory aids.

    <p>empathy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

    <p>Fitts's Law = Time to acquire a target is a function of distance and size Miller's Law = Average person can hold 7 (+2) items in memory User Personas = Fictional representations of specific user segments Usability = Ease of use and understanding of an interface</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a factor considered by Fitts's Law?

    <p>Color of the target</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Organizing content into smaller chunks can help users memorize easily.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should designers consider regarding the selectable region of interactive objects?

    <p>Size and position</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do users typically expect from the products and services they interact with?

    <p>To intuitively understand them and be forgiving</p> Signup and view all the answers

    People remember experiences based solely on the average of every moment throughout that experience.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the peak-end rule?

    <p>A principle that states people judge experiences based on the peak of the emotional intensity and the ending, rather than the total experience.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aesthetically pleasing design creates a positive response in people's brains and leads them to believe that the design actually works _____ than it might.

    <p>better</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their descriptions:

    <p>Peak-End Rule = Focus on emotional peaks and endings Aesthetic-Usability Effect = Aesthetically pleasing design is perceived as more usable User Expectations = Desire for intuitive and forgiving designs Resilience in Design = Planning for user variability and clear feedback</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a reason users find aesthetically pleasing designs more usable?

    <p>They overlook usability flaws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    People recall negative experiences less vividly than positive ones.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should designers pay close attention to in a user journey?

    <p>The most intense points and the final moments.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What effect describes the tendency to remember an object that differs from similar objects?

    <p>Von Restorff Effect</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aesthetically pleasing designs do not affect usability.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is Tesler's Law, also known as the law of conservation of complexity?

    <p>It states that for any system, there is a certain amount of complexity that cannot be reduced and must be assumed by either the system or the user.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using _____ to communicate contrast can exclude users with color vision deficiencies.

    <p>color</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following concepts with their definitions:

    <p>Von Restorff Effect = Tendency to remember distinct objects Tesler's Law = Core complexity in systems cannot be reduced Aesthetically Pleasing Design = Enhances cognitive ability and credibility Design Simplicity = Simplifying interfaces too much may lead to abstraction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is beneficial to create competing visual elements in a design to enhance clarity.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should designers consider when using motion to communicate contrast?

    <p>They should be mindful of users with motion sensitivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Jakob's Law

    • Users prefer websites that function similarly to other websites they are familiar with.
    • Familiarity reduces cognitive load, allowing users to focus on their tasks.
    • Leveraging existing mental models creates a better user experience.
    • When making changes, allow users to use the familiar version for a limited time.

    User Personas

    • User personas help design teams understand their target audience by representing a specific subset.
    • They are based on aggregated data from real users.
    • Personas help create empathy and a shared mental model of user needs and behaviors.

    Fitts's Law

    • The time it takes to select a target is influenced by the distance to and size of the target.
    • Touch targets should be large enough for easy selection and spaced appropriately.
    • Consider the varying precision of input methods and user dexterity.

    Miller's Law

    • Miller's law states that the average person can hold approximately 7 items in short-term memory.
    • This law is often misinterpreted to justify design limitations, such as limiting navigation items to seven.
    • While limiting choices can be beneficial, Miller's law doesn't dictate a "magical number seven" for design.

    Hick's Law

    • Decision time increases with the number and complexity of available choices.
    • Minimize choices when response time is critical.
    • Break down complex tasks into smaller steps.
    • Highlight recommended options to avoid overwhelm.

    Postel's Law

    • Be tolerant and flexible towards user actions and input.
    • Anticipate varied user input, access, and capabilities.
    • Designs should be resilient to user inconsistencies and input variations.

    Peak-End Rule

    • Users judge experiences based on their peak and end moments, rather than the entire experience.
    • Focus on the most intense and final moments of the user journey.
    • Design to delight users during those critical moments.

    Aesthetic-Usability Effect

    • Visually appealing designs are often perceived as more usable.
    • Aesthetically pleasing designs create positive emotional responses and enhance cognitive ability.
    • Attractive design can mask usability problems and hinder their identification in testing.

    Von Restorff Effect

    • Users are more likely to remember items that stand out from similar objects.
    • Use visual distinctiveness to highlight important information or actions.
    • Exercise restraint with visual emphasis to avoid clutter and confusion.

    Tesler's Law

    • For any system, there is inherent complexity that cannot be eliminated.
    • This complexity must be managed by either the system or the user.
    • Design to minimize the burden on users by managing complexity during design and development.

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    Description

    This quiz covers essential UX design principles including Jakob's Law, User Personas, Fitts's Law, and Miller's Law. Understand how these concepts help improve user experiences by leveraging familiarity, target selection, and cognitive load management. Test your knowledge on how to effectively design for users.

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