Questions and Answers
What type of expression is 'Es dudoso que' an example of?
Expression of doubt or uncertainty
What type of verb is 'Pedir' an example of?
Verb of emotion or influence
What type of expression is 'Es una lástima que' an example of?
Impersonal expression
What verb is often used to express hope or desire that something will happen?
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In which type of sentences is the subjunctive often used?
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What type of expression is 'Es necesario que' an example of?
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What verb is often used to ask or beg that something be done?
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What type of sentence would use the verb 'Desear' in the subjunctive form?
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What type of clause is introduced by the phrase 'hasta que' in the sentence 'Hasta que no pare de llover, no podemos salir.'?
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What is the function of the conjunction 'para que' in the sentence 'Le compré una cámara a mi madre para que haga un curso de fotografía.'?
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What is the difference between 'cuando' and 'después de que' when talking about future actions?
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How does the conjunction 'a menos que' function in a sentence?
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What is the function of the conjunction 'mientras' when talking about two actions that occur simultaneously?
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Study Notes
Uses of the Subjunctive
Expressions of Doubt or Uncertainty
- The subjunctive is used with expressions that convey doubt or uncertainty, such as:
- Dudar que (to doubt that…)
- Es dudoso que (it is doubtful that…)
- Esperar que (to hope that…)
- No es cierto que (it is not certain that…)
- No estar seguro de que (to not be sure that…)
- No parece que (it doesn’t seem that…)
- Temer que (to be afraid that…)
- Existe la posibilidad de que (there is a possibility that…)
- Puede ser que (it may be that...)
- No creo que (I don’t think that…)
- Examples:
- No parece que vaya a llover hoy.
- El profesor duda que los estudiantes entiendan la gramática.
Impersonal Expressions
- The subjunctive is used with impersonal expressions that convey opinions or judgments, such as:
- Es bueno que (it is good that…)
- Es importante que (it is important that…)
- Es imposible que (it is impossible that…)
- Es increíble que (it is incredible that…)
- Es interesante que (it is interesting that…)
- Es necesario que (it is necessary that…)
- Es posible que (it is possible that…)
- Es preferible que (it is preferable that…)
- Es probable que (it is probable that…)
- Es sorprendente que (it is surprising that…)
- Es triste que (it is sad that…)
- Es una lástima que (it is a pity that…)
- Examples:
- Es necesario que estudies el subjuntivo antes del examen.
- Es una lástima que no podamos venir a tu fiesta.
Verbs of Emotion or Influence
- The subjunctive is used with verbs that express emotions or influence, such as:
- Esperar que (to hope that…)
- Pedir que (to ask that…)
- Exigir que (to require that…)
- Querer que (to want to…)
- Rogar (to beg/pray)
- Suplicar (to request)
- Desear que (to not be able to wait for…)
- Insistir en (to insist on…)
- Estar contento/a de (to be content…)
- Preferir (to prefer…)
- Sugerir (to suggest)
- Ojalá que (let’s hope that…)
- Examples:
- Espero que hagas tus deberes mañana.
- Sugiero que te levantes temprano.
After Certain Time Expressions
- The subjunctive is used after certain time expressions that refer to actions that may take place in the future, such as:
- Cuando (when)
- En cuanto (as soon as)
- Tan pronto como (as soon as)
- Hasta que (until)
- Después de que (after what)
- Antes de que (before)
- Mientras (while)
- Una vez que (once)
- Examples:
- Hasta que no pare de llover, no podemos salir.
- Después de que dejes de fumar, te llevaré a Londres.
After Certain Expressions of Purpose
- The subjunctive is used after certain expressions of purpose, such as:
- Para que (so that)
- Al fin de que (to the end that)
- Con el objeto de que (with the aim that)
- Con tal de que (provided that)
- A menos que (unless)
- A condición de que (on condition that)
- En caso de que (in case)
- Sin que (without)
- Examples:
- A menos que estudies, no sacarás buenas notas.
- Le compré una cámara a mi madre para que haga un curso de fotografía.
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Description
Learn when to use the subjunctive mood in Spanish sentences expressing doubt, uncertainty, or possibility.