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Pharma-Arryhthmias Q6

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Questions and Answers

uses of class 4 (ca++ drugs).

1- atrial fibrillation, 2- paroxysmal super ventricular tachycardia. 3- also dilate blood vessels. 4- as antihypertensive and abtianginal medications.

cardioselective class 4 drug that's also a-blocker Na+ blocker.

Verapamil.

non cardio selective class 4 that has more effect on BP

diltiazem.

side effect of class 4 drugs (verapamil, diltiazem)

hypotension, dizziness, oedema,, constipation. Signup and view all the answers

how does Digoxin work?

to treat tachycardia. inhibits Na+/K+ pump that normally Na+ out and K+in> Na+ build up inside which will also lead to build up of ca++ inside. Up the contractility. Signup and view all the answers

what effect digoxin have on vagus nerve?

increases AcH release which will activate and bind to M2 receptors (Gi)> increase K+ efflux in nodal cells>hyperpolraization (more negative). Signup and view all the answers

effect of digoxin on myocytes

inhibit Na+/K+ pump>Na+ build up>inside more positive>myocytes depolarised>increased intracellular Ca2+>positive inotropic (increased contractility)>shorten AP ( reduced ca entry). Signup and view all the answers

SE of digoxin?

very low TI (risk of toxicity), dizziness, confusion, fatigue, nausea and vomiting. Signup and view all the answers

mechanism of Adenosine.

adenosine binds/activate A1 receptors (Gi linked) in (AV) node>open K+ channel>K+ flow out of the cell>inside of the cell is more negative (hyperpolarisation)>harder to fire AP>slow conduction. Signup and view all the answers

emergency IV medication to be used for superventricular tachycardias and its very-short acting (in secs).

Adenosine. can be also used as vasodilator, brochoconstricter. Signup and view all the answers