Questions and Answers
What is the primary focus of user analysis in User Centered Design?
Why is it important to conduct user analysis explicitly?
Which method is commonly used to perform task analysis?
What is a key benefit of using hierarchical task analysis?
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In user analysis, which of the following characteristics is NOT typically considered?
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What is included as a part of task analysis for every task?
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What is a necessary condition that must be met before attempting a task?
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Which of the following best represents an element of a domain in domain analysis?
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In domain analysis, how are relationships between entities represented?
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What does the symbol '!' represent in multiplicity notation?
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Study Notes
User Centered Design (UCD) Steps
- Sequence includes Task and User Analysis, Design Sketches, Paper Prototyping, User Testing, Computer Prototyping, Heuristic Evaluation, Full Implementation, and final User Testing.
User Analysis
- Focus on identifying target user characteristics: age, gender, culture, language, education, physical limitations, computer experience, motivation, and domain/application experience.
- Critical to understand user demographics, as assumptions about users can lead to design failures.
- Multiple user classes exist, defined by roles (e.g., student, teacher) or characteristics (e.g., age groups, motivation levels).
- Methods for analysis include representative user interviews, questionnaires for basic data, and direct observation in natural settings.
Task Analysis
- Tasks are expressed as goals, focusing on what needs to be accomplished rather than how.
- Hierarchical decomposition helps break down a top-level task into subtasks and subgoals.
- Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA) utilizes tree diagrams to illustrate tasks and subtasks, enhancing understanding of user interactions at different abstraction levels.
- Benefits of HTA include objective comparisons of task approaches regarding step numbers and types, facilitating effective UI design.
Essential Parts of Task Analysis
- Each task must include the following elements:
- Goal: The task's name.
- Preconditions: Necessary conditions that must be met before attempting the task.
- Subtasks: Detailed steps involved in completing the task.
Example of Task Analysis: Online Shopping
- Goal: Purchase a sweatshirt.
- Preconditions: Knowledge of desired product type and chosen payment method.
- Subtasks: Selecting the product, confirming the purchase, updating information, and final payment confirmation.
Domain Analysis
- Aims to identify important elements within a domain and their interrelations.
- Domain entities include people (user classes), physical objects, and information objects (e.g., purchase orders, emails).
- Represent entities as labeled boxes and illustrate relationships with edges:
- "has-a" relationship indicates ownership (e.g., a customer has an account).
- "is-a" relationship signifies subclassing (e.g., teachers and TAs are both instructors).
Domain Analysis Example
- Key entities identified are Sysadmin, Users, Accounts, Products, and Messages.
- Relationships establish interactions, such as users creating accounts and buying products.
- Multiplicity denotes the quantity of relationships (e.g., ! for exactly one, ? for zero or one, + for one or more, * for zero or more).
Requirements Analysis
- Incorporates insights from user, task, and domain analyses into the broader requirements analysis process, ensuring comprehensive understanding and addressing of user needs.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts from Lecture 7 on Task Analysis within User Centered Design (UCD). It includes steps like user analysis, design sketches, prototyping, and user testing. Test your understanding of how to analyze user needs and implement effective design strategies.
