US National Overdose Deaths Involving Opioids 1999-2021

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In which year did the number of deaths involving prescription opioids peak?

2019

2020

2017

2018 (correct)

What is the trend in deaths involving prescription opioids from 2015 to 2021?

Fluctuated

Steady

Increased (correct)

Decreased

Which subcategory of prescription opioids had the highest number of deaths among all ages?

Opioid combinations

Synthetic opioids

Methadone

Natural and semi-synthetic opioids (correct)

What is the total number of deaths involving prescription opioids in 2021?

17,029 Signup and view all the answers

Which year saw the lowest number of deaths involving prescription opioids?

2000 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of synthetic opioids were not included in the prescription opioid subcategory?

Methadone Signup and view all the answers

What was the total number of deaths involving prescription opioids in 2016?

14,139 Signup and view all the answers

Based on the graph, in what year did opioid overdose deaths among males surpass 40,000?

2020 Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of total opioid overdose deaths in 2021 occurred among females?

28.6% Signup and view all the answers

If the trend in opioid overdose deaths continued at the same rate as from 2020 to 2021, what would be the approximate number of deaths in 2022?

96,000 Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true based on the information provided?

The number of opioid overdose deaths has been increasing for both genders since 1999. Signup and view all the answers

If the rate of increase in opioid overdose deaths among females from 2020 to 2021 remained constant, approximately how many female deaths would occur in 2025?

33,000 Signup and view all the answers

According to the note, which ICD-10 code is used to identify deaths involving heroin?

T40.1 Signup and view all the answers

What was the ratio of male to female opioid overdose deaths in 2021?

2.25:1 Signup and view all the answers

Based on the graph, in which year did the total number of opioid overdose deaths first exceed 50,000?

2016 Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the criteria for stimulant use disorder?

Stimulant is taken in smaller amounts than intended Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion indicates continued use of stimulant despite knowledge of physical or psychological problems?

Continued use despite persistent problems caused by the stimulant Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion involves recurrent use resulting in failure to fulfill major role obligations?

Tolerance to the stimulant Signup and view all the answers

What does the criterion of 'craving' in stimulant use disorder refer to?

Strong urge or desire to use the stimulant Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion involves a need for markedly increased amounts of the stimulant to achieve intoxication?

Tolerance to the effects of the stimulant Signup and view all the answers

What does the criterion of 'withdrawal' in stimulant use disorder involve?

Using a closely related substance to avoid withdrawal symptoms Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of heavy users in treatment experience cannabis withdrawal upon cessation of use?

95% Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a defining characteristic of cannabis withdrawal disorder according to the DSM-5-TR?

Gambling Disorder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary neurotransmitter system through which sedatives and hypnotics exert their influence?

GABA Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common effect of stimulant drug use according to the text?

Decreased appetite Signup and view all the answers

How do amphetamines stimulate the central nervous system?

By inhibiting the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between the effects of drugs like Ecstasy and crystal meth compared to other amphetamines?

They produce the stimulant effects without the subsequent crash Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a stimulant drug according to the information provided?

Benzodiazepines Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason that combining sedatives/hypnotics with alcohol is considered synergistic?

They have similar effects on the central nervous system Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, what was the percentage increase in past-year marijuana use among young adults from 2016 to 2021?

A 9% increase, from 34% in 2016 to 43% in 2021 Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference in the percentage of young adults who reported past-month marijuana use in 2021 compared to 2016?

8 percentage points, from 21% in 2016 to 29% in 2021 Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion of stimulant use disorder involves a persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to cut down or control stimulant use?

A great deal of time is spent in activities necessary to obtain the stimulant, use the stimulant, or recover from its effects Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion of stimulant use disorder involves recurrent stimulant use resulting in a failure to fulfill major role obligations at work, school, or home?

Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use the stimulant Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion of stimulant use disorder involves tolerance, as defined by a need for markedly increased amounts of the stimulant to achieve intoxication or desired effect?

Stimulant is often taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than was intended Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion of stimulant use disorder involves withdrawal, as manifested by the characteristic withdrawal syndrome for the stimulant?

Craving, or a strong desire or urge to use the stimulant Signup and view all the answers

Which criterion of stimulant use disorder involves continued stimulant use despite having persistent or recurrent social or interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of the stimulant?

Stimulant use is continued despite knowledge of having a persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problem that is likely to have been caused or exacerbated by the stimulant Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is a key characteristic of cannabis use disorder?

Persistent and powerful motivation to continually use cannabis despite negative consequences Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference in the addictive potential between cannabis and other substances like alcohol, cocaine, and tobacco?

The addictive potential of cannabis is lower than that of alcohol, cocaine, and tobacco. Signup and view all the answers

According to the passage, which of the following is a potential consequence of cannabis overdose in children?

Severe and life-threatening health consequences Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a potential symptom of cannabis overdose in adolescents and adults?

Cardiac arrest Signup and view all the answers

What is the 12-month prevalence rate of Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) mentioned in the passage?

The passage does not provide a specific 12-month prevalence rate for CUD. Signup and view all the answers

According to the graph, which drug category showed the largest increase in overdose deaths from 2015 to 2021?

Synthetic opioids other than methadone Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of people with Opioid Use Disorder (OUD) do not receive evidence-based treatments?

87% Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter system do sedatives and hypnotics primarily exert their influence through?

GABA system Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary effects of amphetamines on the central nervous system?

Enhancement of norepinephrine and dopamine release Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is known for producing elation, vigor, and reducing fatigue followed by extreme fatigue and depression?

Amphetamines Signup and view all the answers

According to DSM-5 criteria, what is a defining feature of stimulant intoxication?

Dilated pupils Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a common characteristic of substance use disorders according to the DSM-5?

Experiencing euphoric effects without any negative consequences Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs is characterized by calming effects, sleep induction, and anxiety reduction?

Sedatives Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a common effect of hallucinogenic drugs like LSD?

Delusions and paranoia Signup and view all the answers

According to the information provided, what is the primary mechanism of action for caffeine's stimulant effects?

Blocking the reuptake of adenosine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key feature of gambling disorder according to the DSM-5?

Preoccupation with gambling and attempts to 'win it back' after losses Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following disorders is characterized by an irresistible urge to set fires?

Pyromania Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key factor contributing to the high mortality rates among opioid addicts?

Increased susceptibility to infectious diseases like HIV Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which opioids exert their analgesic (pain-relieving) and euphoric effects?

Binding to and activating opioid receptors, especially the mu receptors Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of opioid withdrawal symptoms?

Transient and mild Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key factor contributing to the development of addictive disorders like opioid addiction?

Activation of reward centers in the brain Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between opiates and opioids?

Opiates are derived from the opium poppy plant, while opioids are synthetic compounds Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between 9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and Cannabidiol (CBD) in terms of receptor interaction?

THC activates CB1 and CB2 receptors, while CBD does not activate either Signup and view all the answers

Which chemical compound found in Cannabis is classified as a mild hallucinogen but its effects can be quite variable?

9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Signup and view all the answers

Which neurotransmitter system is primarily influenced by sedatives and hypnotics?