US History Reconstruction Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following were major goals of Congressional/Radical Reconstruction?

  • Ending slavery
  • Punishing rebellious states
  • Unifying the country
  • All of the above (correct)

According to the document, Johnson's modifications to Lincoln's Reconstruction plan focused primarily on preventing Southern states from rejoining the Union.

False (B)

What were two ways in which former slaves responded to their newly gained freedom?

Marriage, forming groups, and getting pets

The desire to maintain ______ motivated the adoption of Jim Crow laws.

<p>white supremacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the Reconstruction era amendment with its primary focus.

<p>13th Amendment = Abolition of slavery 14th Amendment = Equal protection under the law 15th Amendment = Voting rights for Black men</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the leader of the Confederate States of America?

<p>Jefferson Davis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The 15th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant military campaign is known as the March to the Sea?

<p>A military campaign led by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman from Atlanta to Savannah, aiming to deprive the Confederacy of resources.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The incident known as the New York Draft Riot primarily involved civil unrest in response to ______.

<p>conscription</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following events with their significance:

<p>Battle of Shiloh = A crucial early battle in the war Lincoln's Naval Blockade = A strategy to cut off supplies to the South Appomattox = Site of Confederate surrender Copperheads = Northerners who opposed the war</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a strength of the Union at the start of the Civil War?

<p>Stronger military leadership (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Writ of Habeas Corpus?

<p>A legal protection against unlawful detention that was suspended during the Civil War.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Copperheads were a political faction in the Union that supported the war effort.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main goal of the Freedmen's Bureau?

<p>The Freedmen's Bureau aimed to help newly freed people by providing assistance with food, clothing, shelter, education, and legal support.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these laws were designed to limit the rights of freed people?

<p>Black Codes (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Radical Republicans were generally in favor of slavery.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The ______ Amendment granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the United States.

<p>14th</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match each term with its correct definition:

<p>Scalawags = White Southerners who cooperated with Reconstruction efforts Carpetbaggers = Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction Sharecropping = A system in which farmers worked land owned by someone else in exchange for a share of the crops Redeemers = Democrats in the South who sought to restore white supremacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the Military Reconstruction Act?

<p>The Military Reconstruction Act divided the South into military districts to enforce laws and protect the rights of freed people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of people were often accused of exploiting the South's economic situation during Reconstruction?

<p>Carpetbaggers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Sharecropping was a fair and equitable system that benefited both landowners and sharecroppers.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant event, often considered the end of Reconstruction, involved a compromise between the two major political parties?

<p>The Compromise of 1877, which involved the withdrawal of federal troops from the South, is widely regarded as the end of Reconstruction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Jim Crow laws were designed to promote equal rights for all races.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following actions did the Union take during the Civil War to exert control?

<p>Raising taxes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Confederacy primarily controlled its citizens through increased industrial development.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role did African Americans play in the Civil War?

<p>They contributed significantly to the war effort.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Lincoln's stance on slavery was influenced by the actions of the __________ states.

<p>border</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following battles with their significance:

<p>Antietam = Bloodiest single-day battle in American history Gettysburg = Turning point of the Civil War Vicksburg = Union gained control of the Mississippi River Fort Sumter = First battle of the Civil War</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was a consequence of the Union's victory in the Civil War?

<p>Slavery was abolished (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Citizen reactions to control measures by the Union and Confederacy included riots and desertions.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

List one impact of the Civil War on women.

<p>Women took on new roles in the workforce.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Reconstruction

A period after the American Civil War focused on reuniting the nation and establishing new social and political structures, particularly for formerly enslaved people.

Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan

Lincoln's plan aimed at quickly reintegrating Confederate states back into the Union by offering pardons to Southerners who swore loyalty to the US and supported the abolition of slavery.

13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments

Amendments to the US Constitution passed during Reconstruction to abolish slavery, guarantee equal protection under the law, and ensure voting rights for all citizens.

Jim Crow Laws

Laws implemented in the South after Reconstruction to disenfranchise African Americans and establish racial segregation.

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Share cropping

A system of labor where farmers work the land owned by someone else and pay rent with a share of their crops. It contributed to the economic exploitation of African Americans in the South.

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Who was Jefferson Davis?

Jefferson Davis was the president of the Confederate States of America during the Civil War.

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What was Lincoln's Naval Blockade?

Lincoln's Naval Blockade was a strategy to stop Confederate ships from entering or leaving ports, and to prevent the Confederacy from getting supplies.

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What was the Battle of Shiloh?

The Battle of Shiloh was a major battle in the Western Theater, and a key Union victory against the Confederacy.

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What is the writ of habeas corpus?

The writ of habeas corpus is a legal protection that prevents people from being held in jail without legal process.

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What was the New York Draft Riot?

The New York Draft Riot was a violent protest caused by anger over a new law that required men to join the Union army.

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Who were the Copperheads?

Copperheads were a group of people in the North who opposed the Civil War and were sympathetic to the Confederacy.

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What did the 15th Amendment do?

The 15th Amendment abolished slavery in the United States.

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What was the March to the Sea?

The March to the Sea was General Sherman's campaign in the South, aimed at destroying Confederate resources and demoralizing the Southern population.

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Union Control Measures

The Union's strategies to control citizens during the Civil War, like raising taxes, using conscription, and blocking trade.

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Confederate Control Measures

The Confederacy's measures to control citizens, including printing more money and using strict conscription.

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Border States

States bordering the North and South, such as Maryland and Missouri. They were key to Lincoln's strategy on slavery and the war's outcome.

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Turning Point Battles

The turning point battles of the Civil War, such as Antietam, Gettysburg, and Vicksburg, where major shifts in power occurred.

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African American Role in the Civil War

The role African Americans played in the war, including contributions to the Union Army and the fight for their freedom.

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Causes of Union Victory

The reasons why the Union ultimately won the Civil War, like stronger resources and military leadership.

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Impact of the Civil War

The long-term effects of the Civil War on different groups, including the economy, the role of women, and industrial development.

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Analyze this Document

The document mentions how the Civil War affected different aspects of life, from economic changes to women's roles. It aims to organize and understand key events and their effects.

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Freedmen's Bureau

A federal agency established after the Civil War to aid freed slaves in the transition to freedom. It provided food, clothing, healthcare, education, and legal assistance to African Americans.

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Black Codes

Laws enacted in the South after the Civil War that aimed to restrict the rights of African Americans. These laws limited their movement, access to jobs, property ownership, and participation in the legal system.

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Radical Republicans

A faction of the Republican Party that advocated for strong federal action to protect African American rights during Reconstruction. They supported granting citizenship and voting rights to freedmen.

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14th Amendment

A constitutional amendment ratified in 1868 that granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the United States. It was a major step towards equality for African Americans.

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15th Amendment

A constitutional amendment ratified in 1870 that prohibited states from denying the right to vote based on race, color, or previous condition of servitude. It gave African American men the right to vote.

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Military Reconstruction Act

A law passed in 1867 that divided the South into five military districts, placing them under the rule of the U.S. Army during Reconstruction. It aimed to enforce federal law and protect African American rights.

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Scalawags

White Southerners who collaborated with the Republican Party and African Americans during Reconstruction. They were often criticized by other Southerners for cooperating with federal policies.

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Carpetbaggers

Northerners who moved to the South during Reconstruction, often seeking political or economic opportunities. They were frequently accused of being opportunistic and exploiting the South's situation.

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Civil Rights Cases

A series of Supreme Court cases that overturned many civil rights rulings made during Reconstruction. They limited the scope of the 14th Amendment and weakened the legal protections for African Americans.

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Study Notes

The Civil War

  • Key figure: Abraham Lincoln
  • Key figure: Jefferson Davis
  • The Union had more men and greater industrial power
  • The Union had a better transportation system
  • The Confederacy had strong military leaders
  • The Confederacy had strong support from their population
  • The Union strategy was to blockade Southern ports and control the Mississippi River
  • The Confederacy focused on defensive warfare and hoped for recognition from European powers
  • Major strengths: North — industrial power, population; South — strong military leaders, strong support
  • Major weaknesses: North — lack of experienced military leaders; South — limited resources, weaker economy
  • Key battles: Antietam, Gettysburg, Vicksburg
  • The Emancipation Proclamation was a turning point that emphasized the moral cause of the war, and allowed African Americans to fight
  • The Civil War had a huge impact on the economy and lives of Americans; North had more industry and stronger economy, South's economy depended on agriculture, the war destroyed a lot of the workforce and infrastructure
  • The war resulted in significant social change, including the abolition of slavery and the beginning of the Civil Rights Movement
  • Key outcome: The Union won, ending slavery

Reconstruction

  • Key question: What were the main dilemmas of Reconstruction that the federal government needed to resolve?
  • Key figures: Ulysses S. Grant, Andrew Johnson
  • The 13th Amendment abolished slavery
  • The 14th Amendment granted citizenship and equal protection under the law to all persons born or naturalized in the U.S.
  • The 15th Amendment prohibited the denial of the right to vote based on race
  • Problems included: corruption, economic hardship; violence from white southerners
  • The Compromise of 1877 ended Reconstruction
  • The impact of Reconstruction on African Americans varied greatly; some benefitted from new opportunities, while others faced continued discrimination

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Description

Test your knowledge on the major goals of Congressional and Radical Reconstruction, the responses of former slaves to their freedom, and key events during this transformative period in American history. This quiz covers amendments, significant military campaigns, and political movements of the era.

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