U.S. History: Missouri Compromise & Manifest Destiny

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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of the Union during the Civil War?

To wear down the Confederate will to fight through widespread destruction (correct)

To outlast the Confederate forces by maintaining defensive positions

To win battles on Southern soil to demoralize Confederate forces

To gain control of the Mississippi River and surrounding territories

Which battle is known as the turning point of the Civil War?

Battle of Antietam

Battle of Gettysburg (correct)

Battle of Vicksburg

Battle of Fort Sumter

Which of the following battles took place first?

Battle of Gettysburg

Battle of Antietam

Battle of Vicksburg

Battle of Fort Sumter (correct)

What was one consequence of the Union's victory at the Battle of Antietam?

It led to the issuance of the Emancipation Proclamation. Signup and view all the answers

What was a requirement for Southern states under Radical Reconstruction?

They must pass the 14th Amendment. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes Abraham Lincoln's approach to slavery during his presidency?

Lincoln believed he could not interfere with slavery in states where it existed. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary economic foundation of the Northern states during Lincoln's presidency?

Industry and trade Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant effect of the Emancipation Proclamation issued by Lincoln?

It freed the slaves in Confederate states while maintaining slavery in border states. Signup and view all the answers

Which battle or campaign is William T. Sherman notably associated with?

Atlanta Campaign Signup and view all the answers

Who served as the president of the Confederate States of America?

Jefferson Davis Signup and view all the answers

What was one consequence of General Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson's death?

The Confederate army's leadership suffered a major setback. Signup and view all the answers

What was a major factor in the Union's victory at Appomattox Courthouse?

Sherman's destruction of supply lines Signup and view all the answers

How did Lincoln's Gettysburg Address relate to the American Revolution?

It connected the sacrifices of the Revolution to the Civil War. Signup and view all the answers

What was the primary purpose of the Missouri Compromise?

To balance the number of free and slave states Signup and view all the answers

Which event directly led to the start of the Mexican-American War?

The annexation of Texas Signup and view all the answers

What did the Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo achieve for the United States?

It established new territories including California and Nevada Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant outcome of the Compromise of 1850?

The slave trade was abolished in the District of Columbia Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the Dred Scott vs. Sanford ruling?

It stated that slaves were considered property Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes sectionalism?

Political loyalty to one's specific region Signup and view all the answers

What did John Brown believe was his divine mission?

To end slavery through violent means Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following candidates ran for president in the election of 1860?

Stephen A. Douglas Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Missouri Compromise

Slavery was a major issue arising from the Louisiana Purchase
This issue concerned the balance of free and slave states
Henry Clay proposed a compromise: restricting slavery in most of the Louisiana territory, except Missouri
Maine (free) and Missouri (slave) were admitted to the Union as separate states
This aimed to maintain balance between free and slave states

Polk and Manifest Destiny

Polk, the 11th president, pursued territorial expansion for the United States
Included expansion into Mexico and Oregon Territory
Manifest Destiny: A belief that the U.S. was destined to expand across North America
This spurred the Mexican War

Mexican War

Triggered by the annexation of Texas and the border dispute with Mexico
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo: Established the Rio Grande as the border between the U.S. and Mexico
Mexico ceded California, Nevada, New Mexico to the U.S., in exchange for $$15 million USD

Sectionalism

Political loyalty to one's region of the country
The Mexican-American War heightened conflicts between pro- and anti-slavery groups over western territories
Concerns arose over whether new territories would allow slavery

Compromise of 1850

Admitted California as a free state
Required citizens to assist in apprehending runaway slaves
Abolished the slave trade in Washington D.C.

Causes of the Civil War

Kansas-Nebraska Act: Allowed these states to decide on the issue of slavery themselves (repealing the Missouri Compromise and Compromise of 1850)
Dred Scott vs. Sanford (1857): Slaves were considered property, protected by the US constitution
John Brown's raid: Brown led a group against a federal armory believing it was his duty to end slavery

Northern and Southern Economies

North: Industry and trade
South: Agriculture, heavily reliant on slave labor
Differences in economies and social structures contributed to the widening divide between North and South

Presidential Election of 1860

Lincoln's election as the first Republican president triggered Southern secession

General Robert E. Lee

Highly capable Confederate general (Union commander Ulysses S. Grant was an aggressive approach to winning the Civil War)

William T. Sherman

Union General known for the Atlanta Campaign and his march to the sea (Savannah)

Reconstruction

Presidential Reconstruction: Southern states readmitted to the Union if 10% of voters pledged loyalty and abolished slavery
Radical Reconstruction: Stronger measures passed the 13th, 14th and 15th Amendments (ending slavery, and giving rights to formerly enslaved people)

Black Codes

Laws enacted in the South to restrict the freedom and rights of African Americans
Part of the resistance against the freedoms given after slavery

Freedmen's Bureau

Established to assist newly freed slaves in adjusting to freedom
Provided essential services: food, clothing, and education, to assist African Americans
Supported the establishment of black communities.

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Description

Explore the pivotal events of the U.S. history, including the Missouri Compromise, Polk's Manifest Destiny, and the Mexican War. Understand the balance between free and slave states and the territorial expansion that shaped the nation. This quiz will test your knowledge on these important historical moments.