US History: Fugitive Slave Act & Dred Scott Case

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Questions and Answers

What was a consequence of the Fugitive Slave Act for those aiding runaway slaves?

They were allowed to keep any runaway slaves.

They could form legal defenses in court.

They faced fines or imprisonment. (correct)

They received a reward for their efforts.

What did the Fugitive Slave Act encourage?

Formation of anti-slavery political parties.

Enhanced legal protections for runaway slaves.

Increased abolitionist activity.

Bounty hunters and slave catchers. (correct)

How did abolitionists react to the Fugitive Slave Act?

They were indifferent since it did not affect them.

They supported it as a compromise.

They were outraged, believing the government favored slavery. (correct)

They attempted to negotiate for its repeal.

What was the Supreme Court's ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford?

Dred Scott remained enslaved and blacks were not citizens. Signup and view all the answers

What issue did the Fugitive Slave Act address?

Questions of slavery in territories acquired by Mexico. Signup and view all the answers

What did the South believe about Lincoln's presidency?

He would end slavery. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Republican Party's stance on slavery in the Presidential Election of 1860?

Opposition to the expansion of slavery into new territories. Signup and view all the answers

Who did the Republican Party nominate in the Presidential Election of 1860?

Abraham Lincoln Signup and view all the answers

How many southern states seceded before Lincoln's inauguration?

7 southern states Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant characteristic of the Confederacy's population?

The population was mostly enslaved people. Signup and view all the answers

What contributed to Lincoln's victory in the Presidential Election of 1860?

The North had a larger population than the South. Signup and view all the answers

What advantage did the Union have in terms of military replenishment?

A larger population to draw soldiers from. Signup and view all the answers

What industrial advantage did the North have during the Civil War?

Factories for manufactured goods. Signup and view all the answers

What was the main purpose of the naval blockade of the southern coast in 1861?

To prevent cotton trade. Signup and view all the answers

What strategy did the Union employ that involved relentless attacks despite high casualties?

War of attrition. Signup and view all the answers

What year was the Emancipation Proclamation issued?

1863 Signup and view all the answers

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

A law that allowed runaway slaves to be recaptured in free states. Signup and view all the answers

What did slaveholders believe about the North's compliance with the Fugitive Slave Act?

They felt the North wasn't following the law completely. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Fugitive Slave Act a part of?

The Compromise of 1850. Signup and view all the answers

What was the year of the Dred Scott v. Sandford case?

1857 Signup and view all the answers

What was Dred Scott's argument regarding his status?

He argued that his time in free territory made him free. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Supreme Court declare unconstitutional in the Dred Scott decision?

It was unconstitutional to restrict the expansion of slavery, including the Missouri Compromise and popular sovereignty. Signup and view all the answers

How did abolitionists and free-soilers react to the Dred Scott decision?

They were enraged that the court would make such a decision. Signup and view all the answers

What was the state of the Democratic party during the Presidential Election of 1860?

It was divided over slavery and had two candidates Signup and view all the answers

Who won the Presidential Election of 1860?

Abraham Lincoln Signup and view all the answers

Which states did Lincoln win in the Presidential Election of 1860?

Every free state but not any slave states Signup and view all the answers

What demographic factor contributed to Lincoln's victory in the Presidential Election of 1860?

The north had more population than the south Signup and view all the answers

How did the population of the Union compare to the Confederacy?

The Union had more than 2x the Confederacy's population. Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of farmland in the North compared to the South?

Northern farmland focused on producing food, while Southern farmland focused on cash crops. Signup and view all the answers

Which side had a larger railroad network during the Civil War?

The North had a larger railroad network. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the North's railroad network?

It made it easier to transport troops and supplies. Signup and view all the answers

What was the Union's military strategy during the Civil War?

Anaconda plan Signup and view all the answers

What was a key objective of the Union in 1863 regarding the Mississippi River?

To seize control of the Mississippi River Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect of controlling the Mississippi River on the Confederacy?

It prevented the flow of goods and troops and isolated Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana from the Confederacy Signup and view all the answers

How did the Union's strategy exhaust the Confederacy's capacity to continue the war?

Through relentless attacks and destruction of resources Signup and view all the answers

What type of order was the Emancipation Proclamation?

Executive Order from Lincoln Signup and view all the answers

What did the Emancipation Proclamation proclaim for enslaved people in the Confederacy?

It proclaimed all enslaved people in the Confederacy free. Signup and view all the answers

What was one intention behind the Emancipation Proclamation?

To remove a source of labor and wealth from the Confederacy. Signup and view all the answers

Did the Emancipation Proclamation free slaves in border states?

No, it didn't free slaves in border states like Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware. Signup and view all the answers

How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect the morale of the Union?

It strengthened the morale of the Union by making the war about ending slavery. Signup and view all the answers

What was one diplomatic effect of the Emancipation Proclamation?

It prevented Great Britain from allying with the Confederacy. Signup and view all the answers

What did the Emancipation Proclamation authorize regarding black troops?

It authorized the enlistment of black troops. Signup and view all the answers

How did the enlistment of black soldiers affect the Union army?

It significantly increased the size of the Union army. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Fugitive Slave Act

A law allowing runaway slaves to be recaptured in free states.
Those aiding runaway slaves faced fines or imprisonment.
Encouraged bounty hunters and slave catchers.
Abolitionists were outraged, believing the government favored slavery.
Slaveholders believed the North wasn't fully complying.
Part of the Compromise of 1850.
Addressed questions of slavery in newly acquired Mexican territories.

Dred Scott v. Sandford

Court case in 1857.
Dred Scott argued his time in free territory made him free.
Supreme Court ruled Dred Scott and enslaved people weren't citizens, couldn't sue in court.
Declared unconstitutional restricting the expansion of slavery, including the Missouri Compromise and popular sovereignty.
Abolitionists and free-soilers reacted with anger at the court's decision.

Republican Party and 1860 Election

Nominated Abraham Lincoln for President.
Opposed slavery's expansion into new territories.
During the 1860 election, the Democratic party was divided, having multiple candidates.
Lincoln won the election, taking every free state but no slave states.
The North's larger population contrasted with the South's belief that Lincoln would end slavery.
Seven southern states seceded before Lincoln's inauguration.

Civil War Key Factors

Union's advantage in military replenishment; the ability to replace lost troops.
North's industrial advantage: factories producing manufactured goods.
Northern farming focused on food, while the South focused on cash crops.
North had a larger railroad network, facilitating troop & supply transport.
Union strategy: Anaconda plan to cut off critical Southern imports.
Naval blockade of Southern coast (1861).
Key objective: seizing control of the Mississippi River (1863)
Controlling the Mississippi River isolated parts of the Confederacy.
Union strategy: War of attrition, relentless attacks despite high casualties.
Sherman's March: Led to mass destruction of Confederate resources, lowering their morale.

Emancipation Proclamation

Executive order from Lincoln in 1863.
Proclaimed all enslaved people in the Confederacy free.
Intended to remove a crucial labor source and wealth from the Confederacy.
Did not free slaves in border states (Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware).
Strengthened Union morale and made the war about ending slavery.
Prevented Great Britain from allying with the Confederacy.
Authorized the enlistment of black troops, significantly increasing the size of the Union army.

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Description

Explore the significant events surrounding the Fugitive Slave Act and the Dred Scott v. Sandford case. This quiz covers the impact of these historical moments on slavery, citizenship, and political tensions leading up to the Civil War. Test your knowledge of the Republican Party's stance during the 1860 Election as well.