Fugitive Slave Act and Dred Scott Case Overview
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Questions and Answers

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

A law that allowed runaway slaves to be recaptured in free states.

What was a consequence of the Fugitive Slave Act for those aiding runaway slaves?

They faced fines or imprisonment.

What did the Fugitive Slave Act encourage?

It encouraged bounty hunters and slave catchers.

How did abolitionists react to the Fugitive Slave Act?

<p>They were outraged, believing the government favored slavery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did slaveholders believe about the North's compliance with the Fugitive Slave Act?

<p>They felt the North wasn't following the law completely.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Fugitive Slave Act a part of?

<p>The Compromise of 1850.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What issue did the Fugitive Slave Act address?

<p>Questions of slavery in territories acquired by Mexico.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the year of the Dred Scott v. Sandford case?

<p>1857</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Dred Scott's argument regarding his status?

<p>He argued that his time in free territory made him free.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Supreme Court's ruling in Dred Scott v. Sandford?

<p>Dred Scott remained enslaved, black people weren't citizens and couldn't sue in court.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Supreme Court declare unconstitutional in the Dred Scott decision?

<p>It was unconstitutional to restrict the expansion of slavery, including the Missouri Compromise and popular sovereignty.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did abolitionists and free-soilers react to the Dred Scott decision?

<p>They were enraged that the court would make such a decision.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who did the Republican party nominate in the Presidential Election of 1860?

<p>Abraham Lincoln</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Republican party's stance on slavery in the Presidential Election of 1860?

<p>Opposed expansion of slavery into new territories</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the state of the Democratic party during the Presidential Election of 1860?

<p>It was divided over slavery and had two candidates</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who won the Presidential Election of 1860?

<p>Abraham Lincoln</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which states did Lincoln win in the Presidential Election of 1860?

<p>Every free state but not any slave states</p> Signup and view all the answers

What demographic factor contributed to Lincoln's victory in the Presidential Election of 1860?

<p>The north had more population than the south</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the south believe about Lincoln's presidency?

<p>They were convinced that he would end slavery</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many southern states seceded before Lincoln's inauguration?

<p>7 southern states</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the population of the Union compare to the Confederacy?

<p>The Union had more than 2x the Confederacy's population.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a significant characteristic of the Confederacy's population?

<p>The Confederacy's population was mostly enslaved people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What advantage did the Union have in terms of military replenishment?

<p>The Union could build a larger military to replenish lost troops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What industrial advantage did the North have during the Civil War?

<p>Factories in the North allowed more access to manufactured goods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the focus of farmland in the North compared to the South?

<p>Northern farmland focused on producing food, while Southern farmland focused on cash crops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side had a larger railroad network during the Civil War?

<p>The North had a larger railroad network.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of the North's railroad network?

<p>It made it easier to transport troops and supplies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the Union's military strategy during the Civil War?

<p>Anaconda plan</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the purpose of the naval blockade of the southern coast in 1861?

<p>To prevent cotton trade and cut off critical imports to the Confederacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was a key objective of the Union in 1863 regarding the Mississippi River?

<p>To seize control of the Mississippi River</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the effect of controlling the Mississippi River on the Confederacy?

<p>It prevented the flow of goods and troops and isolated Texas, Arkansas, and Louisiana from the Confederacy</p> Signup and view all the answers

What strategy did the Union employ that involved relentless attacks despite high casualties?

<p>War of attrition</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one consequence of Sherman's March for the Confederacy?

<p>It led to mass destruction of Confederate resources and lowered Confederate morale</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Union's strategy exhaust the Confederacy's capacity to continue the war?

<p>Through relentless attacks and destruction of resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year was the Emancipation Proclamation issued?

<p>1863</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of order was the Emancipation Proclamation?

<p>Executive Order from Lincoln</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Emancipation Proclamation proclaim for enslaved people in the Confederacy?

<p>It proclaimed all enslaved people in the Confederacy free.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one intention behind the Emancipation Proclamation?

<p>To remove a source of labor and wealth from the Confederacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Did the Emancipation Proclamation free slaves in border states?

<p>No, it didn't free slaves in border states like Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Emancipation Proclamation affect the morale of the Union?

<p>It strengthened the morale of the Union by making the war about ending slavery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was one diplomatic effect of the Emancipation Proclamation?

<p>It prevented Great Britain from allying with the Confederacy.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Emancipation Proclamation authorize regarding black troops?

<p>It authorized the enlistment of black troops.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the enlistment of black soldiers affect the Union army?

<p>It significantly increased the size of the Union army.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fugitive Slave Act

A law allowing the recapture of runaway slaves in free states.

Consequence of aiding runaway slaves

Fines or imprisonment for those assisting runaway slaves.

Fugitive Slave Act's impact

Encouraged bounty hunters and slave catchers to capture escaped slaves.

Abolitionist reaction

Abolitionists were outraged, viewing the act as pro-slavery.

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Southern view of Northern compliance

Slaveholders felt the North didn't fully enforce the law.

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Fugitive Slave Act's place

Part of the Compromise of 1850.

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Issue addressed by the Fugitive Slave Act

Questions of slavery in territories acquired by Mexico.

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Year of Dred Scott v. Sandford

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Dred Scott's argument

Dred Scott argued that his time in free territory made him free.

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Dred Scott v. Sandford ruling

Dred Scott remained enslaved; blacks were not citizens; couldn't sue.

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Unconstitutional part of Dred Scott

Restricting the expansion of slavery, including Missouri Compromise and popular sovereignty.

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Abolitionist/Free-soilers reaction to Dred Scott

Enraged by the court's decision.

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Republican Party Presidential Nominee in 1860

Abraham Lincoln.

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Republican stance in 1860 election

Opposed the expansion of slavery in new territories.

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Democratic Party state during 1860 election

Divided over slavery with two candidates.

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Presidential Election 1860 Winner

Abraham Lincoln

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Lincoln's election states won

Nearly all free states, but no slave states

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Demographic factor in Lincoln's victory

The North's larger population

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Southern belief about Lincoln

Southerners believed he would abolish slavery.

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Southern states that seceded

7 states seceded before Lincoln's inauguration.

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Union vs. Confederacy population

The Union had a significantly larger population than the Confederacy.

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Confederacy population characteristic

Mostly comprised of enslaved people.

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Union military replenishment

The Union could easily rebuild its military due to the larger population.

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North's industrial advantage

Factories in the North allowed for more manufactured goods.

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Northern farmland focus

Focused on producing food, in contrast to the South's focus on cash crops.

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Civil War railroad network

The North had more extensive railroad network.

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Importance of the North's railroad

Facilitated easier transportation of troops and supplies for the Union.

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Union's Civil War strategy

The Anaconda plan - a strategy to suffocate the Confederacy.

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Naval blockade purpose

To prevent cotton trade and stop crucial imports to Confederacy.

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Union Mississippi River objective

Seize control of the Mississippi River in 1863.

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Mississippi River control's effect

Prevented the flow of goods to the Confederacy, isolating states.

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Union war strategy

War of attrition, relentless attacks despite casualties.

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Sherman's March consequence

Caused mass destruction of Confederate resources and lowered morale.

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Union strategy exhaustion of Confederacy

The Union's relentless attacks and resource destruction wore down the Confederacy.

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Emancipation Proclamation Year

1863

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Emancipation Proclamation type

Executive Order from Lincoln

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Emancipation Proclamation proclamation

Proclaimed all enslaved people in the Confederacy free.

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Emancipation Proclamation intention

Remove a source of labor and wealth from the Confederacy.

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Emancipation Proclamation's border states impact

Did not free slaves in border states like Missouri, Kentucky, Maryland, and Delaware.

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Emancipation Proclamation's effect on Union morale

Strengthened morale by making the war about ending slavery.

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Emancipation Proclamation's diplomatic effect

Prevented Great Britain from allying with the Confederacy.

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Emancipation Proclamation's impact on troops

Authorized the enlistment of black troops.

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Impact of black soldier enlistment

Significantly increased the size of the Union army.

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Study Notes

Fugitive Slave Act

  • A law allowing runaway slaves to be recaptured in free states
  • Resulted in fines or imprisonment for those aiding runaway slaves
  • Encouraged bounty hunters and slave catchers
  • Outraged abolitionists, who believed the government favored slavery
  • Slaveholders believed the North was not completely following the law

Fugitive Slave Act's Part

  • Part of the Compromise of 1850
  • Addressed questions of slavery in territories acquired by Mexico

Dred Scott v. Sandford

  • Court case in 1857
  • Dred Scott argued that his time in free territory made him free
  • Supreme Court ruled that Dred Scott remained enslaved and that black people weren't citizens and couldn't sue
  • Declared unconstitutional the restriction of the expansion of slavery, including the Missouri Compromise and popular sovereignty

Abolitionist and Free-Soiler Reaction

  • Abolitionists and free-soilers were enraged by the Dred Scott decision
  • They were upset that the court made such a decision

Republican Party in 1860

  • Nominated Abraham Lincoln for president
  • Opposed the expansion of slavery into new territories

Democratic Party in 1860

  • Divided over slavery, with multiple candidates

Presidential Election of 1860

  • Abraham Lincoln won
  • Lincoln won all the free states but none of the slave states
  • The North had a greater population than the South

Southern Beliefs About Lincoln

  • Southerners believed Lincoln would end slavery

Secession Before Lincoln's Inauguration

  • 7 Southern states seceded

Union vs. Confederacy Population

  • The Union had more than twice the population of the Confederacy

Confederacy Demographic Characteristic

  • The Confederacy's population was largely made up of enslaved people

Union Military Advantages

  • The Union could replenish its military losses more easily than the Confederacy
  • Factories in the North allowed for a greater access to manufactured goods

North vs. South Farmlands

  • Northern farms focused on producing food, while Southern farms focused on cash crops

Railroads and the North

  • The North had a larger railroad network than the South, which made transporting troops and supplies easier

Anaconda Plan

  • The Union's military strategy during the Civil War
  • Goal = prevent cotton trade and cut off critical imports to the Confederacy
  • Used a naval blockade of the southern coast

Mississippi River's Importance

  • A key objective for the Union in 1863 was to control the Mississippi River
  • Controlling the river prevented the flow of goods and isolated parts of the Confederacy

Grant's Strategy

  • The Union's strategy of war of attrition involved relentless attacks regardless of casualties

Sherman's March Impact

  • Sherman's March led to massive destruction of Confederate resources, lowering their morale

Emancipation Proclamation (1863)

  • Executive order issued by Lincoln
  • Proclaimed all enslaved people in the Confederacy free
  • One intention was to remove a source of labor and wealth from the Confederacy
  • Did not free enslaved people in border states
  • Strengthened Union morale by making the war about ending slavery
  • Prevented Great Britain from allying with the Confederacy
  • Authorized the enlistment of black troops

Impact of Black Troops Enlistment

  • Significantly increased the size of the Union army

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Description

Explore the key aspects of the Fugitive Slave Act and its implications on slavery in America. This quiz also covers the significant Dred Scott v. Sandford case and the reactions from abolitionists. Test your knowledge on these pivotal historical events that shaped the discourse on slavery in the United States.

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