U.S. History Chapter 7 Study Guide
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Questions and Answers

Electors from how many states elect George Washington as President?

11

This group officially elects the President of the U.S. What is it called?

Electoral College

Who was Washington's Vice President?

John Adams

An example for future generations is called a what?

<p>Precedent</p> Signup and view all the answers

Executive departments created to advise the President are called his what?

<p>Cabinet</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many members were in Washington's Cabinet?

<p>5</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many members are in the President's Cabinet today?

<p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who served as Washington's Secretary of State?

<p>Thomas Jefferson</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who served as Washington's Secretary of Treasury?

<p>Alexander Hamilton</p> Signup and view all the answers

This act passed by Congress set up a federal court system. What Act was this?

<p>Judiciary Act of 1789</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the levels of the federal court system? (Select all that apply)

<p>Appeals (A), Supreme Court (C), District (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many people lived in the U.S. in 1790?

<p>4 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most U.S. citizens in 1790 were of what occupation?

<p>Farmers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the first capital of the U.S. and how many people lived there?

<p>New York City - 33,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much money did the U.S. owe foreign countries at the beginning of Washington's presidency?

<p>$11 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much was the federal government in debt to its own citizens at that time?

<p>$40 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which debt did Alexander Hamilton want to pay off first?

<p>Foreign debt</p> Signup and view all the answers

Did Jefferson agree or oppose Hamilton's plan for paying off the state's debts?

<p>Oppose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much money did the states owe after the Revolutionary War?

<p>$25 million</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did Hamilton and the South compromise on the paying off of the state's debts?

<p>Move the capital to a more southern location - Philadelphia</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Hamilton believe about government and the economy? (Select all that apply)

<p>Strong national government (B), Wealth and educated should rule (C), Economy run on trade and industry (D), Wanted high tariffs on imported goods (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did Hamilton want to create to stabilize the economy, deposit government money, and give out loans?

<p>A National Bank</p> Signup and view all the answers

How long did Hamilton suggest the National Bank be created for?

<p>20 years</p> Signup and view all the answers

The idea that government can only do what is listed in the Constitution is called what?

<p>Strict view, or strict interpretation of the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

The idea that government can do things not forbidden by the Constitution is called what?

<p>Loose view, or loose interpretation of the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Bank of the U.S. was created in what year?

<p>1791</p> Signup and view all the answers

What year did the French Revolution begin?

<p>1789</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position did Thomas Jefferson take on the French Revolution and the war between England and France?

<p>Jefferson believed we should support the French people</p> Signup and view all the answers

What position did President Washington take on the French Revolution and the war between England and France?

<p>Washington wanted the U.S. to be neutral and not get involved</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did President Washington issue to show the U.S.'s stance on what was happening in Europe?

<p>A Proclamation of Neutrality</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who did Washington send to help solve the problems between the U.S. and England?

<p>John Jay</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was John Jay's role in the Federal government?

<p>Chief Justice of the Supreme Court</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Jay Treaty, what were two things England would have to do? (Select all that apply)

<p>Pay for damage to U.S. ships (A), Abandon their forts on the U.S. frontier (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Jay Treaty, what did the U.S. agree to do?

<p>Pay our debt to England</p> Signup and view all the answers

How was the Jay Treaty viewed in the U.S.?

<p>Most Americans disagreed with it and did not support it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which border were the U.S. and Spain arguing over?

<p>The Florida border</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which port did the Spanish close off to U.S. trade?

<p>New Orleans</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was sent to negotiate with the Spanish?

<p>Thomas Pinckney</p> Signup and view all the answers

What two things did Pinckney's Treaty do? (Select all that apply)

<p>Opened the port at New Orleans (B), Established the Florida border at the 31 degree latitude (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which Indian chief went to war with the U.S. in the Northwest Territory?

<p>Little Turtle</p> Signup and view all the answers

He was the commander of U.S. troops against the Native Americans in the Northwest Territory. Who is he?

<p>Anthony Wayne</p> Signup and view all the answers

The Native Americans were defeated by U.S. troops in the Northwest Territory at this battle. What battle was this?

<p>Fallen Timbers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What treaty was signed between the U.S. and the Native Americans as a result of the fighting in the Northwest Territory?

<p>Treaty of Greenville</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to the Treaty of Greenville, how much did the U.S. have to pay the Native Americans for their land?

<p>$20,000 in goods</p> Signup and view all the answers

Farmers in this state were unhappy with the tax on their whiskey. Which state was this?

<p>Pennsylvania</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did many farmers do to the tax collectors who tried to collect the whiskey tax? (Select all that apply)

<p>Ride the rail (A), Tar and feather (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who led federal troops to put down the Whiskey Rebellion?

<p>President Washington</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many federal troops were sent to put down the Whiskey Rebellion?

<p>13,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

How did the Whiskey Rebellion end?

<p>It was put down without a battle</p> Signup and view all the answers

What were three things Washington warned the country against in his farewell address? (Select all that apply)

<p>Beware of too much debt (A), Beware of political division (D), Beware of foreign ties/alliances (E)</p> Signup and view all the answers

He was a key founder of the Federalist Party. Who is he?

<p>Alexander Hamilton</p> Signup and view all the answers

He was a main founder of the Democratic Republicans. Who is he?

<p>Thomas Jefferson</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who was the President and Vice President elect in 1796? (Select all that apply)

<p>Thomas Jefferson (C), John Adams (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How was John Adams different from George Washington? (Select all that apply)

<p>He was respected for his hard work, honesty, and intelligence (A), He lacked Washington's dignity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was Adams' early goal with France?

<p>To improve relations with them.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the X, Y, Z Affair?

<p>Three French agents wanted a bribe from American diplomats.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many ships did Adams want to increase the navy by?

<p>30 ships</p> Signup and view all the answers

Did the Federalists want to go to war with France?

<p>Yes (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Alien Act say?

<p>The government could deport any foreigner thought to be dangerous to the U.S.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What did the Sedition Act say?

<p>Said you could not print or voice your disagreements about the federal government.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who wrote the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions?

<p>Jefferson and Madison</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chapter 7 Study Guide

  • Electoral College: This group officially elects the President of the U.S.

  • Washington's Vice President: John Adams

  • Precedent: An example for future generations

  • Cabinet: Executive departments created to advise the President

  • Washington's Cabinet size: 5 members

  • President's Cabinet size today: 15 members

  • Washington's Secretary of State: Thomas Jefferson

  • Washington's Secretary of Treasury: Alexander Hamilton

  • Judiciary Act of 1789: An act passed by Congress establishing a federal court system

  • Federal Court System Levels: District, Appeals, and Supreme Court

  • US Population in 1790: 4 million

  • Typical Occupation in 1790: Farmers

  • First US Capital: New York City

  • First US Capital Population (1790): 33,000

  • US Debt to Foreign Countries (Start of Washington's Presidency): $11 million

  • US Debt to Citizens (Start of Washington's Presidency): $40 million

  • Debt Alexander Hamilton wanted to pay off first: Foreign debt

  • Jefferson's stance on Hamilton's plan for state debts: Opposed

  • States' Debt after the Revolutionary War: $25 million

  • Hamilton-South Compromise for state debts: Move the capital to a more southern location (from Philadelphia)

  • Hamilton's beliefs about government and economy: Strong national government, Wealthy and educated should rule, Economy focused on trade and industry, High tariffs on imported goods

  • Hamilton's plan for stabilizing the economy: Create a National Bank, deposit gov't money, and give loans

  • National Bank Duration: 20 years

  • Strict Interpretation of the Constitution: Government can only do what is listed in the Constitution

  • Loose Interpretation of the Constitution: Government can do things not forbidden by the Constitution

  • Bank of the US Creation Year: 1791

  • French Revolution Start Year: 1789

  • Thomas Jefferson's position on the French Revolution: Supported the French people.

  • Washington's position on the French Revolution: The US should be neutral and not get involved.

  • Washington's stance on Europe: Issued a statement reflecting the US's stance on the happenings in Europe

  • John Jay's Role in the Federal Government: Chief Justice of the Supreme Court

  • Jay Treaty's Requirements for England: Pay for damage to U.S. ships and abandon their forts on the U.S. frontier

  • Jay Treaty's Agreement by the U.S.: Pay their debt to England

  • How most Americans viewed the Jay Treaty: Disagreed with it and did not support it

  • Border Dispute (US and Spain): Florida border

  • US Port Closed by Spain: New Orleans

  • Negotiator with Spain: Thomas Pinckney

  • Pinckney's Treaty's Outcomes: Opened the port of New Orleans, Established the Florida border at the 31 degree latitude

  • Northwest Territory War Leader (US): Anthony Wayne

  • Native American Battle Defeat: Fallen Timbers

  • Treaty After Northwest Territory War: Treaty of Greenville

  • Price for Native American Lands (Treaty of Greenville): $20,000 in goods

  • Whiskey Tax Opposition State: Pennsylvania

  • Whiskey Tax Protest Methods: Tar and feather/ride the rail

  • Whiskey Rebellion Leader (US Troops): President Washington

  • Whiskey Rebellion Troops: 13,000

  • Result of the Whiskey Rebellion: The rebellion was put down without a battle

  • Washington's Farewell Address Warnings: Beware of foreign ties/alliances, Beware of political division, Beware of too much debt

  • Federalist Party Founder: Alexander Hamilton

  • Democratic-Republican Party Founder: Thomas Jefferson

  • President and Vice President Elect in 1796: John Adams, Thomas Jefferson

  • Difference between John Adams and George Washington: Adams lacked Washington's dignity but was respected for his hard work, honesty, and intelligence

  • Adams' early goal with France: Improve relations

  • XYZ Affair Details: Three French agents (X, Y, and Z) demanded a bribe from American diplomats

  • Ships Adams wanted to add to Navy: 30 ships

  • Federalist Party's View on War with France: Wanted to go to war with France.

  • Alien Act's Content: The gov't can deport any foreigner thought to be dangerous to the U.S.

  • Sedition Act's Content: Said you could not print or voice your disagreements about the federal government

  • Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions Authors: Jefferson and Madison

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Description

Explore key concepts from U.S. History Chapter 7, including the Electoral College, Washington's Cabinet, and the Judiciary Act of 1789. This study guide highlights important figures like John Adams and Alexander Hamilton, as well as significant statistics from the era. Test your knowledge on the early United States government structure and its evolution.

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