US History Chapter 7 Study Guide

Chapter 7 Study Guide - Flip Cards

• Page 1:

  • Eleven states' electors chose George Washington as President
  • The Electoral College officially elects the US President
  • John Adams was Washington's Vice President
  • A precedent is an example for future generations
  • Executive departments advising the President are called his cabinet
  • Washington's cabinet had five members
  • The President's cabinet has fifteen members today
  • Thomas Jefferson was Washington's Secretary of State
  • Alexander Hamilton was Washington's Secretary of the Treasury
  • The Judiciary Act of 1789 established a federal court system.

• Page 2:

  • The federal court system has three levels: District, Appeals, and Supreme Court
  • The US population in 1790 was four million
  • Most US citizens in 1790 were farmers.
  • The first US capital was New York City with 33,000 residents.
  • The US owed foreign countries $11 million at the start of Washington's presidency.
  • The federal government owed its citizens $40 million.
  • Alexander Hamilton prioritized paying off the foreign debt.
  • Thomas Jefferson opposed Hamilton's plan for paying off the states' debts.
  • The states owed $25 million after the Revolutionary War.
  • The capital moved to a more southern location to settle debt disputes.

• Page 3:

  • Hamilton believed in a strong national government, wealth, and educated individuals running the economy.
  • He wanted high tariffs on imported goods.
  • He established a national bank to stabilize the economy.
  • The bank was created for 20 years.
  • The strict interpretation of the Constitution means the government could only do what is stated within it.
  • The loose interpretation of the Constitution means the government could do more than what was explicitly stated.
  • The Bank of the US was created in 1791
  • The French Revolution began in 1789
  • Thomas Jefferson supported the French
  • Washington remained neutral in the war between France and England.

• Page 4:

  • John Jay was sent to resolve problems between the US and England.
  • John Jay was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.
  • The Jay Treaty required England to pay for damages to US ships and remove their forts from the US frontier.
  • The U.S. agreed to pay its debts to England through the treaty.
  • The Jay Treaty was unpopular in the U.S.
  • The U.S. had a border dispute with Spain concerning the Florida border.
  • The Spanish stopped US trade at the port of New Orleans
  • Thomas Pinckney negotiated with Spanish leaders.

• Page 5:

  • Anthony Wayne led US troops against Native Americans in the Northwest Territory
  • Native Americans were defeated at the Battle of Fallen Timbers.
  • The Treaty of Greenville was signed to end the conflict.
  • The U.S. paid $20,000 in goods to Native Americans for their land.
  • Farmers in Pennsylvania protested a whiskey tax.
  • The tax collectors were harmed by protestors.
  • President Washington sent 13,000 troops to end the protest.
  • The Whiskey Rebellion ended without a fight.
  • Washington advised the nation to avoid foreign ties and political divisions, as well as significant debt.

• Page 6:

  • Alexander Hamilton helped found the Federalist Party
  • Thomas Jefferson helped found the Democratic Republicans
  • John Adams was president in 1796.
  • Thomas Jefferson was Vice President in 1796.
  • John Adams' goals with France involved improved relations, but were not successful.
  • The XYZ Affair involved French demands for bribes from American diplomats.
  • Adams wanted to increase the US Navy by 30 ships
  • The Federalists wanted to go to war with France.
  • The Alien Act allowed the deportation of foreigners considered dangerous.
  • The Sedition Act prevented criticism of the federal government.

• Page 7:

  • Thomas Jefferson and James Madison wrote the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions.