US Government Quiz - Presidency and Supreme Court
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Questions and Answers

What is the maximum number of terms a president can serve according to the 22nd Amendment?

  • Four terms
  • Two terms (correct)
  • Three terms
  • One term

Which department is responsible for handling foreign affairs?

  • Department of Health and Human Services
  • Department of State (correct)
  • Department of Defense
  • Department of Justice

Who currently serves as the Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court?

  • Clarence Thomas
  • Elena Kagan
  • John Roberts (correct)
  • Sonia Sotomayor

What is a qualification for someone to be eligible for the presidency?

<p>Must be a natural-born citizen of the U.S. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment addresses presidential succession and incapacity?

<p>25th Amendment (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power does the president hold concerning military command?

<p>Command the military (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization advises the president on monetary policy?

<p>Federal Reserve (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what year did the position of the current Supreme Court Justice Amy Coney Barrett begin?

<p>2020 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which department is tasked with overseeing health policies and welfare programs?

<p>Department of Health and Human Services (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following powers is NOT granted to the president?

<p>Making laws (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the process for a bill to become law?

<p>Introduction (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which role of the president involves managing foreign relations and treaties?

<p>Chief Diplomat (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What occurs if both chambers of Congress pass different versions of a bill?

<p>Conference Committee (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can Congress override a presidential veto?

<p>By a two-thirds vote in both chambers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a role of the president?

<p>Chief of Staff (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

During which step is a bill debated on the floor of the House or Senate?

<p>Floor Debate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which step directly follows the Committee Review of a bill?

<p>Floor Debate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process is used to elect presidents in the United States?

<p>Electoral College (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the president's role as Chief Citizen?

<p>To represent American interests (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for a bill to successfully pass after being vetoed?

<p>Two-thirds majority in Congress (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term length for a senator?

<p>6 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a requirement for membership in the Senate?

<p>Resident of the state they represent (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who serves as the Speaker of the House currently (2024)?

<p>Mike Johnson (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What power does the House of Representatives have that the Senate does not?

<p>Initiate revenue bills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How often is the U.S. Census conducted to determine congressional districts?

<p>Every 10 years (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following leaders is currently the Senate Minority Leader in 2024?

<p>Mitch McConnell (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary functions of the legislative branch?

<p>Make laws (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly describes the terms of service for representatives?

<p>They serve for 2 years. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are congressional committees primarily used for?

<p>Detailed examination of bills (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What age must one be to serve in the House of Representatives?

<p>25 years old (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the significant outcome of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?

<p>It declared that separate educational facilities are inherently unequal. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which amendment is associated with the ruling of Roe v. Wade?

<p>None of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary duties of citizens mentioned in the content?

<p>Paying taxes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which form of government is characterized by centralized control often under a dictator?

<p>Totalitarian (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which is NOT included in the First Amendment freedoms?

<p>Freedom to bear arms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the Bill of Rights?

<p>To specify individual liberties and rights (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following amendments abolished slavery in the United States?

<p>13th Amendment (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a primary role of the judiciary within the American legal system?

<p>Enforcing laws (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines citizenship by naturalization?

<p>Going through a legal process involving residency and tests (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The layout of the Constitution includes how many articles?

<p>7 articles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes a concurring opinion from a majority opinion?

<p>It is written by a justice who supports the majority for different reasons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a grand jury?

<p>To evaluate evidence for a potential crime charge. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of jurisdiction allows the Supreme Court to hear cases directly?

<p>Original Jurisdiction (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What significant role did John Marshall establish through Marbury v. Madison?

<p>The principle of judicial review. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best describes the function of the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?

<p>To lead the court and assign opinions for majority decisions. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary effect of Plessy v. Ferguson in American law?

<p>It upheld the principle of 'separate but equal.' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is typically involved in the process of how the Supreme Court listens to arguments?

<p>Oral arguments are presented by attorneys for deliberation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a distinguishing characteristic of a dissenting opinion?

<p>It reflects the disagreement of some justices with the majority decision. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of jury is responsible for determining the guilt or innocence of a defendant?

<p>Petit Jury (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What distinguishes appellate jurisdiction from original jurisdiction?

<p>It involves cases that have been appealed from lower courts. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Apportionment in the House of Representatives

The process of allocating seats in the House of Representatives based on the population of each state, conducted every 10 years after the US Census.

Senate Majority Leader

The leader of the majority party in the Senate, responsible for guiding the Senate's agenda and managing floor proceedings.

House Minority Leader

The leader of the minority party in the House of Representatives, responsible for opposing the majority party's policies and representing the minority's interests.

Speaker of the House

The leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives, responsible for presiding over the House, recognizing speakers, and guiding the House's agenda.

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Congressional Committees

They are groups of lawmakers in Congress that specialize in specific policy areas, allowing for detailed examination of legislation and holding hearings on issues.

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Senate

The upper chamber of the US Congress, with 100 members, two from each state. Senators serve 6-year terms, with one-third of the Senate up for re-election every 2 years.

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House of Representatives

The lower chamber of the US Congress, with 435 members, the number of representatives from each state determined by population. Representatives serve 2-year terms, with all members up for re-election every 2 years.

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Senate's power to approve treaties

The ability of the Senate to review and approve or reject treaties made by the President, allowing for confirmation of international agreements.

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House's power to initiate revenue bills

The ability of the House of Representatives to initiate legislation that concerns taxes and government spending, giving them control over the nation's finances.

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Legislative Branch

The branch of the US government responsible for making laws, declaring war, regulating interstate and foreign commerce, and controlling taxing and spending policies.

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How a Bill Becomes Law

The process by which a bill is introduced, reviewed, debated, voted on, passed by both chambers of Congress, signed by the President, and becomes law.

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What is a Committee?

A legislative body that reviews, amends, and approves a bill before it goes to the floor debate.

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What is Floor Debate?

A formal discussion and debate on a bill on the floor of the House or Senate.

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What is a Conference Committee?

A group of members from both the House and Senate that resolves discrepancies between different versions of a bill passed by the chambers.

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What is Presidential Approval?

The President's formal approval of a bill, turning it into law.

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What is a Veto Override?

When the President rejects a bill, it can be overturned with a two-thirds vote in both the House and Senate.

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What is Chief of State?

The ceremonial role of the President, representing the nation on formal occasions.

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What is Chief Executive?

The President's role in enforcing federal laws and managing the executive branch.

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What is Commander in Chief?

The President's role as the supreme commander of the armed forces.

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What is Chief Diplomat?

The President's role in managing foreign relations and negotiating treaties.

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Majority Opinion

The decision supported by the majority of the justices on the court.

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Concurring Opinion

A justice who agrees with the majority decision but for different reasons.

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Dissenting Opinion

Written by justices who disagree with the majority's decision.

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Original Jurisdiction

Cases that can be heard directly by the Supreme Court without going through lower courts.

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Appellate Jurisdiction

Cases appealed to the Supreme Court from lower courts.

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Grand Jury

Decides if there is enough evidence to charge someone with a crime.

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Petit Jury

Decides guilt or innocence in criminal or civil cases.

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Marbury v. Madison

Established the principle of judicial review, the power of the courts to declare laws unconstitutional.

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Sandra Day O'Connor

The first female Supreme Court Justice, known for her 'swing vote' in important cases.

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How Supreme Court Makes Decisions

Oral arguments are presented by attorneys, justices deliberate, and decisions are based on the majority opinion.

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President of the United States

The President of the United States is the head of state and head of government, overseeing the executive branch. This role involves leading the nation, implementing laws, and representing the country internationally.

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Executive Branch

The Executive Branch, with the President at the helm, focuses on enforcing laws and making sure policies are carried out effectively. It's like the 'doers' of the government.

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Electoral College

The President is elected by the Electoral College, a system where each state has a specific number of electors based on its population. The candidate winning a majority of these electors becomes President.

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Cabinet

The President's official advisors are the Cabinet, composed of the heads of various departments like State, Defense, and Justice, each responsible for a particular area of government.

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What does the Department of State do?

The Department of State handles foreign affairs, including diplomacy, treaties, and international relations.

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What does the Department of Defense do?

The Department of Defense oversees the United States military, ensuring its readiness and conducting operations.

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What does the Department of Justice do?

The Department of Justice enforces federal laws, investigates crimes, and oversees the federal legal system.

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Presidential term length

The President serves a four-year term and can be elected to a maximum of two terms, as limited by the 22nd Amendment.

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25th Amendment

The 25th Amendment outlines the process for presidential succession in case of death, resignation, or inability to serve.

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Presidential Qualifications

To be eligible for the presidency, one must be at least 35 years old, a natural-born U.S. citizen, and have lived in the U.S. for at least 14 years.

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Separate but Equal

The principle that separate facilities for different racial groups are acceptable as long as they are equal in quality. This doctrine was used to justify segregation in the United States.

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Brown v. Board of Education

A landmark Supreme Court case (1954) that overturned the "separate but equal" doctrine and declared that racial segregation in public schools was unconstitutional.

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First Amendment Freedoms

The right of citizens to express their opinions, practice their religion freely, and have access to information through the press without government interference.

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Naturalization

The process by which a non-citizen can legally become a citizen of a country. It typically involves residency requirements, tests, and oaths.

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Duties of Citizens

Actions that citizens are expected to perform in order to maintain their rights and contribute to society. Examples include voting, paying taxes, and obeying laws.

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The American Legal System

The system of courts that interprets and applies the law, ensuring justice is served through trials and legal processes.

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The American Legal System

A system of rules that govern the behavior of individuals and organizations within society. It includes both civil law and criminal law.

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Civil Law

Deals with disputes between individuals or organizations, such as contract breaches or property disputes.

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Criminal Law

Deals with actions that are considered offenses against the state or society, such as theft or murder.

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Oligarchy

A system of government where a small group of individuals hold power.

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