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Questions and Answers
What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823?
What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine in 1823?
During which period did the United States transition from a global actor to a super-power?
During which period did the United States transition from a global actor to a super-power?
What event marked the beginning of US colonialism and its rise as a world power?
What event marked the beginning of US colonialism and its rise as a world power?
What were the main underlying economic factors for the American Civil War?
What were the main underlying economic factors for the American Civil War?
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Which phrase best describes the period from 1989 to 2009 regarding US global influence?
Which phrase best describes the period from 1989 to 2009 regarding US global influence?
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What characterized American foreign policy during the 19th century?
What characterized American foreign policy during the 19th century?
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Which policy shift occurred as a response to the end of the Cold War?
Which policy shift occurred as a response to the end of the Cold War?
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Who plays the most significant role in shaping American foreign policy?
Who plays the most significant role in shaping American foreign policy?
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What is one of the goals of promoting international humanitarian policies?
What is one of the goals of promoting international humanitarian policies?
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Which of the following was a prominent characteristic of American foreign policy during the 20th century?
Which of the following was a prominent characteristic of American foreign policy during the 20th century?
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In what ways does the President influence American foreign policy?
In what ways does the President influence American foreign policy?
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What was one of the goals of American economic prosperity related to foreign nations?
What was one of the goals of American economic prosperity related to foreign nations?
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Which groups are also influential in American foreign policy making aside from the President?
Which groups are also influential in American foreign policy making aside from the President?
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What is the primary purpose of economic sanctions used by the US?
What is the primary purpose of economic sanctions used by the US?
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Which of the following is NOT a goal of the US Department of State?
Which of the following is NOT a goal of the US Department of State?
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What role does the State Department play in international diplomacy?
What role does the State Department play in international diplomacy?
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How many countries does the United States maintain diplomatic relations with?
How many countries does the United States maintain diplomatic relations with?
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Which statement best describes the Department of State's function?
Which statement best describes the Department of State's function?
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What is a critical factor that has made international interaction more vital for the US?
What is a critical factor that has made international interaction more vital for the US?
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Which of the following describes an activity managed by the State Department?
Which of the following describes an activity managed by the State Department?
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What sentiment does the US Department of State aim to promote internationally?
What sentiment does the US Department of State aim to promote internationally?
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What was a key principle proposed by Richard Henry Lee in the push for independence?
What was a key principle proposed by Richard Henry Lee in the push for independence?
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Which complaint was related to the notion of representation in the Revolutionary movement?
Which complaint was related to the notion of representation in the Revolutionary movement?
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What did the Bill of Rights primarily aim to do?
What did the Bill of Rights primarily aim to do?
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How many amendments from the original proposals were ratified as the Bill of Rights?
How many amendments from the original proposals were ratified as the Bill of Rights?
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What role do heads of departments and agencies serve in American foreign policy?
What role do heads of departments and agencies serve in American foreign policy?
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What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine?
What was the significance of the Monroe Doctrine?
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Which of the following best describes the founding fathers' views on a centralized government?
Which of the following best describes the founding fathers' views on a centralized government?
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Which act established the initial framework for a professional foreign service in the United States?
Which act established the initial framework for a professional foreign service in the United States?
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What is the function of the United Nations General Assembly?
What is the function of the United Nations General Assembly?
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What was one effect of British military actions during the period leading up to independence?
What was one effect of British military actions during the period leading up to independence?
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Which article of the Bill of Rights was ratified as the 27th Amendment?
Which article of the Bill of Rights was ratified as the 27th Amendment?
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What is one reason why some presidents are reluctant to entrust major foreign policy responsibilities to diplomats?
What is one reason why some presidents are reluctant to entrust major foreign policy responsibilities to diplomats?
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Which two entities were created in 1944 to stabilize the world economy?
Which two entities were created in 1944 to stabilize the world economy?
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How does military force function in American foreign policy?
How does military force function in American foreign policy?
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What type of treaties were employed by the U.S. post-World War II to enhance collective security?
What type of treaties were employed by the U.S. post-World War II to enhance collective security?
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Which country is a permanent member of the UN Security Council?
Which country is a permanent member of the UN Security Council?
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What is one primary role of the State Department in relation to US businesses abroad?
What is one primary role of the State Department in relation to US businesses abroad?
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How does the State Department contribute to the economic prosperity of the US?
How does the State Department contribute to the economic prosperity of the US?
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Which of the following is a way the State Department protects American intellectual property?
Which of the following is a way the State Department protects American intellectual property?
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What is a key focus of the State Department's public diplomacy efforts?
What is a key focus of the State Department's public diplomacy efforts?
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Which of the following strategies does the State Department employ to support US business interests overseas?
Which of the following strategies does the State Department employ to support US business interests overseas?
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What role does the State Department play in promoting democracy and human rights globally?
What role does the State Department play in promoting democracy and human rights globally?
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In which way does the State Department utilize technology for its diplomatic efforts?
In which way does the State Department utilize technology for its diplomatic efforts?
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What is a significant benefit of the State Department supporting foreign market development?
What is a significant benefit of the State Department supporting foreign market development?
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Study Notes
US Foreign Policy Principles
- Richard Henry Lee proposed independence from the British Empire for the 13 colonies in 1776.
- Colonies formed a confederation to fight Great Britain.
- Sovereignty of the people, not monarchy or heredity, was recognized. Any property owner could become an elected official.
- The right to liberty and equality among property owners was stated, excluding slaves and women.
Complaints Leading to Independence
- There were 27 complaints against the King and British Parliament to justify the revolution.
- Key complaints included high taxes without representation, restrictions on trade, presence of British troops in peacetime, and abuses by British troops.
- The colonies were taking lands due to British interest rather than the interest of the colonies.
- There was no credible, impartial judicial system.
US Constitution
- The 13 colonies were culturally diverse, yet unified by enlightenment principles.
- They distrusted a centralized government.
- Founding fathers had differing opinions on federalism and the power of individual states.
US Bill of Rights
- The national government and the President's rights pertain to war, foreign policy, and trade.
- Remaining powers reside with state governments.
- The First Congress proposed 12 amendments to the Constitution in 1789.
Monroe Doctrine
- James Monroe, the 5th US President, cautioned other European countries against colonization in the Western Hemisphere (1823).
- The US did not want monarchies to form in the Western Hemisphere.
- The Doctrine aimed at protecting the US.
Bretton Woods
- Institutions were established (e.g., World Bank, IMF, and UN).
- The US dollar was used for global transactions.
- The value of the US dollar was pegged to gold reserves.
- There was a disparity between the amount of dollars in circulation and the US gold reserves.
- This led to difficulties in exchanging dollars for gold, and trade deficits not supported by gold reserves.
Challenges of the Global Economic System
- The EU followed US dictates but has differing interests in the future.
- The BRICS (Russia, China, Brazil, and others) are challenging the US's global role in the future.
Variables of Challenges
- The currency system is under challenge.
- International institutions are being challenged (e.g., Belt and Road Initiative).
- Economic interests are influencing the changes.
US Foreign Policy
- Promoting freedom, democracy, and human rights is fundamental.
- Security is a primary goal.
- Economic prosperity is achieved mostly through trade.
- Isolationism was a policy in the 19th century.
- Deterrence was a dominant policy in the 20th century.
- Preemption is a more recent policy.
Promoting International Humanitarian Policies
- The US promotes policies that benefit global society.
- Promoting peace between nations was stressed.
Who Makes US Foreign Policy
- The President and their advisors play critical roles.
- Other actors are included (e.g., Congress, courts, parties, interest groups, and trade associations).
State Department
- Manages relationships with other governments and international organizations.
- Diplomats execute the President's foreign policy.
- The goal is a more secure, prosperous, and freer world.
Diplomatic Relations with Other Countries
- The US has diplomatic relations with most of the world's other countries.
- Increased global interconnectedness makes relations more vital.
Economic Prosperity and Security
- The State Department supports US businesses and exports.
- Officers in embassies provide expertise on other countries' markets and business practices.
History of the USA
- The US developed from a republic to a world power.
- Key events and periods include the Monroe Doctrine, Expansionist Years, American Civil War, and Spanish-American War.
- From the Cold War to the challenges of the 21st century.
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Description
Explore the foundational principles of US foreign policy and the historical context surrounding the colonies' fight for independence. This quiz covers key events, complaints against British rule, and important aspects of the US Constitution. Test your knowledge on the principles that shaped a nation.
