U.S. Courts and Jurisdiction Overview
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Questions and Answers

What type of jurisdiction allows a court to have sole authority to hear a case?

  • Limited jurisdiction
  • Concurrent jurisdiction
  • Appellate jurisdiction
  • Original jurisdiction (correct)

    • Which of the following is NOT a specific case the Judicial Branch hears?

  • Civil rights cases
  • Federal tax disputes
  • Disputes between states
  • Traffic violations (correct)

    • What establishes the authority of Congress to create Inferior Courts?

  • Judicial precedents
  • State laws
  • The Constitution (correct)
  • Federal regulations

    • What is the primary role of Constitutional Courts?

    <p>To adjudicate cases involving the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who nominates judges for federal courts?

    <p>The President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes Judicial Restraint from Judicial Activism?

    <p>Judicial Restraint avoids making new law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For how long are judges of Constitutional Courts appointed?

    <p>For life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can judges in Constitutional Courts be removed from their position?

    <p>Via impeachment by Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims?

    <p>To resolve disputes against the federal government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What statement regarding military commissions is accurate?

    <p>They handle cases related to national security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which body confirms judges nominated by the President?

    <p>Senate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is meant by Judicial Activism?

    <p>Interpretation of laws based on current social values</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What term do U.S. Marshals serve?

    <p>Term of office at the discretion of the President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of U.S. Marshals?

    <p>Handling cases in appellate courts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the responsibilities of U.S. Attorneys?

    <p>Represent the federal government in legal matters</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims from other courts?

    <p>It is a legislative court specifically for veterans</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which courts are considered Legislative or Special Courts established by Congress?

    <p>Court of Federal Claims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of Constitutional Courts?

    <p>To interpret and apply the Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can judges in Constitutional Courts be removed from their position?

    <p>Through impeachment by Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement regarding military commissions is accurate?

    <p>They are established under separate military authority</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Congress set for federal judges?

    <p>Salaries and conditions of service</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Exclusive Jurisdiction

    • Exclusive jurisdiction allows a court to have sole authority to hear a case.

    Non-Judicial Branch Cases

    • The Judicial Branch does not hear every type of case. Specific examples of cases not heard by this branch are not listed.

    Congressional Authority for Inferior Courts

    • Article III of the Constitution establishes the authority of Congress to create lower federal courts.

    Constitutional Courts' Primary Role

    • Constitutional courts handle cases involving federal law and U.S. Constitution issues.

    Removal of Constitutional Court Judges

    • Judges in Constitutional Courts can be removed through impeachment.

    U.S. Court of Federal Claims' Purpose

    • The U.S. Court of Federal Claims handles claims against the federal government.

    Courts of Appeals - Fact

    • The statements regarding courts of appeals are not detailed.

    U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims Distinguishing Feature

    • The U.S. Court of Appeals for Veterans Claims is different because it is specialized in veterans' claims matters.

    Legislative/Special Courts

    • Legislative or special courts are those created and established by Congress to address or handle specific types of subjects. The specific courts are not named.

    Military Commissions - Truth

    • The statement about military commissions is not detailed.

    Judicial Appointments

    • The President nominates judges for federal courts.

    Constitutional Court Judge Appointments

    • Constitutional Court judges serve lifetime appointments.

    U.S. Attorneys' Responsibilities

    • U.S. Attorneys prosecute cases for the federal government.

    Judicial Restraint vs. Judicial Activism

    • Judicial restraint maintains precedent. Judicial activism promotes new interpretations of the Constitution.

    Senate Role in Judicial Appointments

    • The Senate confirms judicial nominees.

    U.S. Marshals' Term

    • U.S. Marshals' terms are not specified.

    U.S. Marshals' Non-Responsibilities

    • The specific non-responsibilities of the U.S. Marshals are not identified.

    Judicial Activism Definition

    • Judicial activism is a philosophy where judges actively interpret the Constitution to impact contemporary social and political issues.

    Federal Judge Compensation

    • Congress sets salaries for federal judges.

    Court Judge's Explanation During Trial

    • Judges provide instructions to juries about procedures and applicable law during a trial.

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    Description

    This quiz explores various aspects of the U.S. judicial system, including the concept of exclusive jurisdiction, the role of constitutional courts, and the process of removing judges. Understand the unique features of different courts, including those for federal claims and veterans. Test your knowledge of how the judicial branch operates in relation to Congress and the Constitution.

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