U.S. Court System Overview

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of criminal law?

  • To resolve disputes between individuals
  • To determine property ownership
  • To protect public order and safety (correct)
  • To interpret legislative procedures

What is the highest court in the U.S. judicial system?

  • State Supreme Court
  • U.S. District Court
  • U.S. Supreme Court (correct)
  • U.S. Court of Appeals

Which type of jurisdiction allows a case to be heard in more than one type of court?

  • Appellate jurisdiction
  • Concurrent jurisdiction (correct)
  • Federal jurisdiction
  • Exclusive jurisdiction

What distinguishes civil law from criminal law?

<p>Civil law typically seeks monetary compensation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which court has the authority to review the decisions of lower courts?

<p>Appellate Court (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the appeals process, if the appellate court does not find an error in the lower court's decision, what happens?

<p>The lower court's decision is upheld (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the first step in the process of appealing to the U.S. Supreme Court?

<p>File a writ of certiorari (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of these types of courts is established by Article 3 of the Constitution?

<p>The Supreme Court (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What function does the U.S. Court of Appeals primarily serve?

<p>Review decisions from lower courts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a legislative court?

<p>U.S. Tax Court (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which court stands between trial courts and the state's highest court?

<p>Intermediate appellate court (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is original jurisdiction in the context of court systems?

<p>The authority to hear a case for the first time (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

U.S. Court of Appeals function

The U.S. Court of Appeals reviews decisions of lower federal courts, looking for errors of law.

Legislative Court Example

A court created by Congress for a specific purpose; NOT created by Article III of the Constitution.

Highest Appealable Court

The U.S. Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. judicial system.

Supreme Court Appeal First Step

Filing a petition for writ of certiorari (request to hear a case).

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Article III Court Type

A constitutional court, established by Article III of the Constitution, like district courts and courts of appeals.

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Supreme Court case hearing reason

A case of significant legal importance or conflict with prior precedent.

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U.S. Court of Appeals Function

Reviews lower federal court decisions for errors in law.

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Legislative Court Example

A court made by Congress, not the Constitution.

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Highest Appeal Court

U.S. Supreme Court.

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Supreme Court Appeal First Step

Petition for a 'writ of certiorari'.

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Article 3 Court Type

Established courts like district and appellate courts.

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Supreme Court Case Hearing Reason

Important legal issue, precedent conflicts.

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Study Notes

Function of the U.S. Court of Appeals

  • Primarily reviews decisions of lower courts.

Example of a Legislative Court

  • The question lacks the specific examples to identify a legislative court.

Highest Court for Appeal

  • The U.S. Supreme Court

First Step in Appealing to the Supreme Court

  • Filing a petition for a writ of certiorari.

Courts Established by Article 3 of the Constitution

  • Constitutional courts

Supreme Court's Reason to Hear a Case

  • Disagreement among lower courts on a point of law or significant legal issue.

Outcome if Appellate Court Finds No Error

  • The lower court decision stands.

Purpose of Criminal Law

  • To punish wrongdoing and protect society.

Jurisdiction Allowing Hearing in Multiple Courts

  • Concurrent jurisdiction

Court with Authority to Review Lower Courts

  • Appellate courts (or reviewing courts).

Distinction Between Civil and Criminal Law

  • Civil law deals with private disputes, while criminal law concerns violations against the state.

Highest Court in the U.S. Judicial System

  • The U.S. Supreme Court

Typical Trial Courts

  • District courts (or state trial courts).

Original Jurisdiction

  • The authority of a court to hear a case for the first time.

Court Between Trial and Highest State Court

  • Court of appeals (or intermediate appellate court).

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