U.S.-China Relations Analysis
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Questions and Answers

What does the author suggest is driving the downward trend in U.S.-China relations?

  • China's export of its governance model is a major source of friction in the U.S.-China relationship.
  • The speed and strength of American reaction to China's actions are the primary cause of the decline in U.S.-China relations.
  • Larger forces, beyond the actions of Trump and Xi Jinping, are contributing to the decline of the relationship. (correct)
  • The actions of Trump and Xi Jinping are solely responsible for the deterioration of the relationship.
  • What is the primary message conveyed by Xi Jinping's statement about China's approach to governance?

  • China is willing to compromise its principles to maintain good relations with the United States.
  • China believes its governance model is superior to Western democracy.
  • China desires to avoid ideological competition with the United States. (correct)
  • China seeks to impose its governance model on other countries.
  • How does the author characterize actions undertaken by Trump and Xi Jinping in regard to the U.S.-China relationship?

  • As symptoms of underlying pressures impacting the relationship. (correct)
  • As isolated incidents with minimal impact on the overall trajectory of the relationship.
  • As catalysts for long-term strategic shifts in the relationship.
  • As deliberate attempts to reshape the global order.
  • What does the author suggest is required to rebalance the U.S.-China relationship toward a more stable equilibrium?

    <p>Reciprocal actions from both the U.S. and China to address their respective concerns. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the author suggest is the potential impact of China's governance model on other countries?

    <p>China's governance model provides an example for other countries to emulate. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one specific step taken by China to address concerns regarding its ideological ambitions?

    <p>China has reiterated its commitment to steering clear of ideological competition with the U.S. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the author's primary perspective on the U.S.-China relationship?

    <p>The relationship faces significant challenges but could be improved through concerted efforts. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary argument made by the author regarding the actions of Trump and Xi Jinping?

    <p>Neither leader is solely responsible for the decline in U.S.-China relations. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is China responding to the erosion of American military primacy in East Asia?

    <p>China is increasing its military presence in Asia, particularly in the South China Sea. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is China's goal with its increased military activity in East Asia?

    <p>To demonstrate its growing military power and its desire to push the US out of the region. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the 'first island chain' that China is aiming to control?

    <p>A grouping of islands, like the Senkakus, stretching from Japan to the Philippines. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a way China is seeking to undermine American influence in East Asia?

    <p>China is strengthening its international ties with European nations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern of the international community regarding China's rise?

    <p>That China will become a regional power and destabilize the existing security order. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the connection between China's military modernization and its activities near Taiwan?

    <p>China's increased military capabilities allow it to take a more assertive stance toward Taiwan. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the current relationship between China and the United States in East Asia?

    <p>A growing rivalry, with both countries competing for influence and dominance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for US allies' concerns over China's rise?

    <p>Concern that China will undermine the US's role as a regional security guarantor. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these statements is TRUE about the evolution of US-China relations as outlined in the provided sources?

    <p>The US's focus on its relationship with China has consistently shifted based on the political climate and the priorities of the current administration, with varying emphasis on different issues. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the US respond to China's rise in the early 2000s?

    <p>The US engaged in a period of intense diplomatic engagement with China, seeking to understand and navigate its growing influence. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the sources, how did the Bush administration approach China's economic development?

    <p>The Bush administration sought to foster a positive relationship with China while addressing concerns about China's trading practices. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key area of focus in US-China relations according to the sources?

    <p>Military Cooperation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant development in US-China relations during the Obama Administration?

    <p>The signing of a joint agreement on climate change and clean energy cooperation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the provided source suggest about the US's perception of China's rise?

    <p>The US has recognized China's rise as a significant global development and sought to manage its influence in a complex and multifaceted way. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the provided sources, how did the US respond to China's actions in the South China Sea?

    <p>The US criticized China's actions and engaged in military exercises in the region to counter these actions. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best represents the US's approach to China's rise?

    <p>Strategic competition and cautious engagement (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main argument made in the content about the relationship between the United States and China?

    <p>The relationship is deteriorating due to underlying structural forces. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a structural discontinuity that has contributed to the decline in the U.S.-China relationship?

    <p>The United States' willingness to make trade concessions to China has benefited both countries. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key argument presented in the content about the impact of U.S. trade relations with China?

    <p>Trade relations have had both positive and negative effects on the U.S. economy. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to the content, what is the main weakness of the United States' current approach to influencing China?

    <p>The United States has relied too heavily on unilateral pressure and tariffs. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key recommendation the content makes for the United States in addressing the challenges posed by China?

    <p>The United States should focus on strengthening its own sources of strength. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The content suggests that China has challenged the established international order. In what way does China represent a unique challenge compared to past adversaries?

    <p>China is the first non-Western power with the weight and ambition to seek significant adjustments to international rules and norms. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a recommendation made in the content for addressing the challenges posed by China?

    <p>Increase military spending to match China's growth. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main point the content emphasizes about the United States' approach to China?

    <p>The United States needs to adapt its approach and focus on its own strengths. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does President Xi's statement regarding China offering a new option for other countries suggest?

    <p>China proposes a collaborative approach to global development, respecting each nation's independence. (A), China believes its model of development is superior to Western models. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern raised about China's promotion of its 'China model'?

    <p>It could undermine the global spread of democratic values. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the impact of other countries adopting Chinese laws and technologies for social control?

    <p>It normalizes China's domestic practices and promotes authoritarianism globally. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key takeaway from the US intelligence community's assessment of China's actions?

    <p>China seeks to establish its authoritarian capitalism model as a superior alternative. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'digital authoritarianism' refer to?

    <p>The use of digital technologies to suppress dissent and control information. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for the shift in the US-China relationship, according to the text?

    <p>The growing divergence in ideological values and approaches. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the text imply about the potential future of the US-China relationship?

    <p>The relationship is facing deeper structural challenges that require a new approach. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the comparison between the current US-China relationship and previous cyclical downswings?

    <p>It suggests that the current situation is not a temporary downturn, but a more profound transformation. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role did American diplomacy play in relation to China and weapons of mass destruction?

    <p>Persuaded China to work with other powers to reduce proliferation. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What strategy could have increased American influence over China, according to the content?

    <p>Entering the Trans-Pacific Partnership. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the United States urge China to do regarding its account surplus?

    <p>Cut its account surplus to aid in global economic expansion. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is China's strategic weight viewed in the context of global issues?

    <p>As a significant influence that the U.S. must address. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of partnerships can shape China's incentives for reform?

    <p>Coalitions like the ASEAN and other groupings. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested about the future of global challenges if major powers do not synchronize their efforts?

    <p>Challenges will likely grow too acute to ignore. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following summarizes the desired East Asian order as per the information given?

    <p>An order that respects rules and promotes prosperity. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What outcome is associated with persistent American diplomacy?

    <p>Progress on pressing global transnational challenges. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    Erosion of regional security

    The decline of stability and safety in a specific region, affecting nations' safety.

    American military primacy

    The dominant position of U.S. military forces in a region, particularly East Asia.

    China’s rise

    The increasing economic and military power of China, affecting global dynamics.

    First island chain

    A line of islands, including Japan, Taiwan, and the Philippines, important for defense.

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    Civilizational view of international relations

    China’s perspective emphasizing cultural and civilization ties in global politics.

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    Asian solutions to Asian problems

    The idea that regional issues should be addressed by Asian countries, not external powers.

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    Military modernization

    Upgrading and enhancing military equipment and capabilities.

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    Incursions in South China Sea

    China's aggressive activities and claims in the contested South China Sea region.

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    Structural Forces

    Deeper influences affecting relationships beyond personal actions.

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    U.S.-China Relationship Decline

    Deterioration in the relationship due to various challenges.

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    Regional Security Status Quo

    The existing balance of security arrangements in a region.

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    Geostrategic Environment

    The global strategic landscape influencing relations.

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    China as Global Rule-Maker

    China's pursuit to influence international rules and norms.

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    Unilateral Pressure

    One-sided actions, like tariffs, aimed at influencing another state.

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    Trade Relations Downsides

    Negative impacts of trade, such as job losses.

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    Nurturing Sources of Strength

    Enhancing alliances and leadership for better resilience.

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    Chinese Coercion

    Beijing's use of pressure tactics to influence Taiwan and other nations.

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    Trans-Pacific Partnership

    A trade agreement aimed at enhancing economic ties in the Asia-Pacific region.

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    China's Role in Nonproliferation

    China's involvement in reducing the spread of weapons of mass destruction.

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    U.S.-China Economic Relations

    Interactions between the U.S. and China impacting global economic dynamics.

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    Diplomatic Influence

    The ability of a nation to shape others' decisions through negotiation and persuasion.

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    ASEAN's Role

    The Association of Southeast Asian Nations helps shape regional agenda and responses.

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    Global Challenges Cooperation

    Collaborative efforts among nations to address transnational issues like climate change.

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    Economic Surplus

    When a country exports more than it imports, strengthening its economy.

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    Ideological Competition

    Conflict between different governance models and ideologies, particularly between the U.S. and China.

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    PRC Policy

    Chinese government's established strategies and principles, particularly regarding foreign relations.

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    U.S.-China Relationship Stress

    Ongoing tensions and difficulties between the United States and China affecting diplomatic interactions.

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    Reciprocal Actions

    Mutual responses between countries required to balance international relations.

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    Foreign Model Export

    The idea of one country imposing or sharing its governance style with others.

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    Community Sharing Future

    A vision put forth by China for global cooperation without imposing its model.

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    Influence of Personalities

    Impact of individual leaders' traits and actions on international relationships.

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    Durable Equilibrium

    A stable balance in international relations that endures over time.

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    Taiwan Referendum Opposition

    Bush opposed Taiwan's independence referendum in 2003.

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    Human Rights Advocacy

    Bush urged China to improve its human rights record in 2008.

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    China's Peaceful Rise

    Zheng Bijian's idea of China's growth without aggression.

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    U.S.-China Climate Cooperation

    A 2014 agreement on climate change and clean energy initiatives.

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    Xi Jinping's State Visit

    Xi's 2015 visit to the U.S. aimed at strengthening ties.

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    Anti-Hacking Agreement

    In 2018, the U.S. accused China of breaching a cyber pact.

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    Trade Impact on Jobs

    China's trade policy caused a significant loss of U.S. jobs from 2001-2015.

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    Global Diplomacy Challenge

    David Dollar questioned China's role in global public good in 2019.

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    Digital Authoritarianism

    A form of governance that uses technology for social control and surveillance.

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    China Model

    An alternative development path proposed by Beijing promoting authoritarian capitalism.

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    Social Stability Practices

    Methods used by governments to maintain order and control within their societies.

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    U.S.-China Relationship

    A complex interaction of cooperation and competition between the United States and China.

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    Great-Power Competition

    Rivalry between major world powers for influence and dominance on the global stage.

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    Global Democratic Recession

    A decline in the number of democracies or democratic practices worldwide.

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    Structural Stresses

    Deep-rooted issues affecting the stability of a relationship between countries.

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    Study Notes

    U.S.-China Relations: The Search for a New Equilibrium

    • For over 40 years, the relationship between the United States and China has been characterized by ups and downs, with a general trend of deepening ties.
    • Recent years have seen a significant downturn in the relationship, reaching a "tipping point."
    • The downturn is attributed to deeper structural forces rather than just the personalities of Trump and Xi Jinping.
    • Four major structural discontinuities have contributed to the decline:
      • Dissatisfaction with the previous regional security status quo.
      • China's growing global influence and desire to reshape international norms and institutions.
      • A shift from complementary to competitive economic relationships.
      • Unresolved questions regarding ideological/systems competition.
    • Both countries need to take steps to create conditions for a new equilibrium in their relationship.
    • The U.S. needs to better understand China's strengths and vulnerabilities, develop a common understanding of the geopolitical landscape, update strategies for influencing China, and avoid relying solely on tariffs.

    Recommendations for the U.S.

    • Right-sizing the risks posed by China, acknowledging both its strengths and vulnerabilities.
    • Developing a shared understanding of the geopolitical context.
    • Refining tools for influencing China's interests.
    • Reassessing the efficacy of imposing unilateral pressure through tariffs.
    • Fostering a shared future by focusing on international cooperation and tackling global issues together.

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    Description

    This quiz explores key themes in U.S.-China relations, focusing on the perspectives of the author regarding current governance models, military strategies, and the implications for global stability. It delves into the influence of leaders like Trump and Xi Jinping on the relationship and the potential consequences for international diplomacy.

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