Urinary Tract Infections Quiz

<p>To relieve intense dysuria symptoms (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potential for serious drug interactions (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Escherichia coli (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pyelonephritis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diabetes Mellitus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>8 million (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infections increase significantly after age 65 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prolonged use of diaphragm contraceptives (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prostate hyperplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Asymptomatic bacteriuria (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flank pain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Bacteria count more than 105 bacteria/mL (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To eradicate the invading organism (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Significant bacteriuria without symptoms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Same organism causing recurrence (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Frequency and dysuria (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two or more UTIs within 6 months (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Negative leukocyte esterase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Being younger than 5 years (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>10 to 14 days of therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longer urethral length (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrofurantoin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In severely ill patients or with acute prostatitis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>2 weeks vs. 6 weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular monitoring without treatment (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Follow-up cultures at 4 to 6 weeks (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>IV therapy initially followed by oral therapy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>E. coli (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low bacteria count with symptoms of dysuria and pyuria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Consider therapy for Chlamydia trachomatis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Two consecutive cultures with the same organism but no symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>1 g azithromycin as a single dose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Older females (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Chronic re-infection or relapse (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Ampicillin–sulbactam (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>48 hours (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tetracycline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dilation of the ureters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Conduct a urine culture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Second- or third-generation cephalosporin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Preterm birth (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Trimethoprim (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The presence of pathogenic microorganisms in the urinary tract with associated signs and symptoms of infection. The organisms have the potential to invade the tissues of the urinary tract and adjacent structures.

A type of UTI that involves infection of one or both kidneys. It can occur in individuals without any abnormalities in their urinary tract.

A group of bacteria that commonly cause UTIs. These include E. coli, Klebsiella, Proteus, and more.

A UTI that occurs in individuals without any underlying health conditions or anatomical abnormalities in their urinary tract.

A UTI that occurs in individuals with underlying health conditions or anatomical abnormalities in their urinary tract.

A UTI that involves the bladder but doesn't cause symptoms.

The most common UTI causes in females that usually occur before the age of 65 years.

The incidence rate of UTIs is similar in men and women after age 65 years.

A common urinary tract infection (UTI) that involves the bladder. Symptoms include: pain or burning during urination (dysuria), frequent urination, urgent need to urinate, and sometimes blood in the urine.

A more serious UTI that affects the kidneys, usually causing fever, flank pain, nausea, and vomiting.

The presence of bacteria in the urine. It may not always mean an infection is present.

The presence of white blood cells in the urine, often indicative of an infection.

A UTI that occurs in the absence of any symptoms. Commonly seen in older adults.

A UTI that occurs when a new organism causes the infection.

A UTI that occurs when the same organism that caused the previous infection returns.

The condition of having more than 2 UTIs within 6 months or more than 3 UTIs within 1 year. This is a common problem in women.

The goal of treatment in uncomplicated cystitis and pyelonephritis is to eliminate the bacteria causing the infection.

Choosing an antibiotic based on the likelihood of it working against the most common UTI-causing bacteria in the local area.

Antibiotics chosen for UTI treatment should be effective against the most likely bacteria, minimizing resistance development, and causing minimal side effects.

A medication that can help reduce pain and discomfort associated with UTIs, commonly given for a short duration.

It should be well-tolerated, target the specific bacteria causing the UTI, be patient-friendly (taken as infrequently as possible), reach the site of infection effectively, and be easily absorbed by the body.

UTI characterized by dysuria (painful urination) and pyuria (white blood cells in urine), but urine culture reveals less than 10^5 bacteria/mL. Common culprits: E. coli, Staphylococcus spp., Chlamydia trachomatis.

Two consecutive urine cultures showing more than 10^5 organisms/mL of the same species, without urinary symptoms. Often found in older females and pregnant women.

Treatment for acute prostatitis. Requires 4-6 weeks of therapy with drugs like Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole or Quinolones.

Treatment for chronic prostatitis. May involve longer treatment periods (4-6 weeks) or even surgical intervention.

Common organisms responsible for UTIs (particularly in women) before the age of 65. Includes E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus spp., and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The incidence of UTIs becomes similar between men and women after the age of 65.

Treatment for chlamydial infections. Usually involves 1 g of azithromycin or doxycycline 100 mg twice daily for 7 days.

Treatment for UTI due to Enterococcus faecalis. May involve 14 days of oral therapy.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in men is less common than in women due to factors like longer urethral length, a drier urethral environment, and antibacterial substances in prostatic fluid.

Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) in children is treated similarly to symptomatic UTIs due to the higher risk of renal scarring and damage, especially in the first 5 years of life.

While ASB treatment in non-pregnant women is debated, it's usually considered less crucial than in children because it minimally affects the natural course of infections.

UTIs in men, especially those with complications like bladder outlet obstruction, are often considered complicated and require more intensive treatment.

Risk factors for UTIs in men between 15 and 50 years old include insertive anal intercourse and lack of circumcision.

UTIs in men are usually treated with a 10-14 day course of antibiotics, with longer durations (up to 6 weeks) considered for complicated infections or treatment failures.

Nitrofurantoin is generally avoided in men due to its poor tissue penetration, and follow-up cultures are recommended after treatment to ensure a cure.

Parenteral antibiotic therapy may be necessary for severe cases of UTIs in men, such as those with acute prostatitis, epididymitis, or inability to tolerate oral medications.

Increased risk of UTIs due to hormonal and anatomical changes during pregnancy. This can lead to complications like preterm birth or stillbirth.