Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following statements about urinary tract infections (UTIs) is correct?
Which of the following statements about urinary tract infections (UTIs) is correct?
- Females have a shorter urethra, increasing their risk of UTIs. (correct)
- Upper UTIs consist of urethritis and cystitis.
- UTIs are caused by viruses that ascend into the bladder from the urethra.
- Males have a higher risk of developing UTIs compared to females.
Which of the following is NOT considered a lower urinary tract infection?
Which of the following is NOT considered a lower urinary tract infection?
- Urethritis
- Pyelonephritis (correct)
- Prostatitis
- Cystitis
Which of the following factors increases the risk of UTIs in males?
Which of the following factors increases the risk of UTIs in males?
- Use of diaphragm as a contraceptive method
- Lack of prostatic hyperplasia
- Uncircumcised status or prostatic hyperplasia (correct)
- Circumcision
Which of the following statements about complicated UTIs is correct?
Which of the following statements about complicated UTIs is correct?
What is the primary reason females have a greater risk of UTIs compared to males?
What is the primary reason females have a greater risk of UTIs compared to males?
Which of the following types of UTIs is considered an upper UTI?
Which of the following types of UTIs is considered an upper UTI?
Which of the following is the most common pathogen that causes UTIs?
Which of the following is the most common pathogen that causes UTIs?
What is the most common pathogen that causes treatment failure UTIs, recurrent UTIs?
What is the most common pathogen that causes treatment failure UTIs, recurrent UTIs?
What is the gold standard for diagnosing acute cystitis to determine the causative organism?
What is the gold standard for diagnosing acute cystitis to determine the causative organism?
Which urinary symptom is NOT commonly associated with acute cystitis?
Which urinary symptom is NOT commonly associated with acute cystitis?
What is the diagnostic threshold for a complicated case of acute cystitis in terms of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) on culture?
What is the diagnostic threshold for a complicated case of acute cystitis in terms of colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) on culture?
In recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), how many symptomatic episodes more than 2 weeks apart in one year classify as recurrent?
In recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), how many symptomatic episodes more than 2 weeks apart in one year classify as recurrent?
When should asymptomatic bacteriuria be treated according to the information provided?
When should asymptomatic bacteriuria be treated according to the information provided?
What is a positive finding that suggest Acute cystitis on a UA
What is a positive finding that suggest Acute cystitis on a UA
Which of the following symptoms differentiates pyelonephritis from a common UTI?
Which of the following symptoms differentiates pyelonephritis from a common UTI?
In pyelonephritis, what key diagnostic finding can be observed on a urine microscopy?
In pyelonephritis, what key diagnostic finding can be observed on a urine microscopy?
What is a potential complication of untreated pyelonephritis involving the kidneys?
What is a potential complication of untreated pyelonephritis involving the kidneys?
Which of the following symptoms in an elderly patient with UTI should raise suspicion for pyelonephritis?
Which of the following symptoms in an elderly patient with UTI should raise suspicion for pyelonephritis?
Where should you send a very ill appearing patient with persistent fevers, unstable vitals, and the inability to tolerate oral fluids, who has a suspected UTI or pyelonephritis?
Where should you send a very ill appearing patient with persistent fevers, unstable vitals, and the inability to tolerate oral fluids, who has a suspected UTI or pyelonephritis?
What is the preferred first-line treatment for uncomplicated cystitis in pregnant women?
What is the preferred first-line treatment for uncomplicated cystitis in pregnant women?
What is the recommended treatment for uncomplicated cystitis in patients with a nitrofurantoin allergy?
What is the recommended treatment for uncomplicated cystitis in patients with a nitrofurantoin allergy?
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Bactrim in the treatment of UTIs?
Which of the following is a contraindication for the use of Bactrim in the treatment of UTIs?
What is the recommended initial empiric treatment for outpatient acute pyelonephritis?
What is the recommended initial empiric treatment for outpatient acute pyelonephritis?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended option for pharmaceutical UTI treatment in pregnant patients?
Which of the following is NOT a recommended option for pharmaceutical UTI treatment in pregnant patients?
Which of the following is NOT considered a prophylactic treatment option for recurrent UTIs?
Which of the following is NOT considered a prophylactic treatment option for recurrent UTIs?
How long can phenazopyridine (AZO/Pyridium) be used when taken with an antibiotic for a UTI?
How long can phenazopyridine (AZO/Pyridium) be used when taken with an antibiotic for a UTI?
What is the recommended inpatient treatment for acute pyelonephritis, that is then followed by either ciprofloxacin (twice a day for 7 days), levofloxacin (once a day for 5 days), or Bactrim (twice a day for 14 days)?
What is the recommended inpatient treatment for acute pyelonephritis, that is then followed by either ciprofloxacin (twice a day for 7 days), levofloxacin (once a day for 5 days), or Bactrim (twice a day for 14 days)?
What is the recommendation regarding UTI screening in catheterized patients?
What is the recommendation regarding UTI screening in catheterized patients?
Which antibiotic should be used as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated cystitis?
Which antibiotic should be used as the first-line treatment for uncomplicated cystitis?
If a patient has a nitrofurantoin allergy, what is the recommended treatment for uncomplicated cystitis?
If a patient has a nitrofurantoin allergy, what is the recommended treatment for uncomplicated cystitis?
Which antibiotic should be avoided in patients with a history of Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection?
Which antibiotic should be avoided in patients with a history of Clostridium difficile (C. diff) infection?
Which of the following is a potential side effect of Bactrim that patients should be cautioned about?
Which of the following is a potential side effect of Bactrim that patients should be cautioned about?
What is the recommended duration of treatment for UTIs in men?
What is the recommended duration of treatment for UTIs in men?
What is the 3rd most common urinary tract disorder?
What is the 3rd most common urinary tract disorder?
Which type of stones are found in women with recurrent UTIs caused by certain bacteria?
Which type of stones are found in women with recurrent UTIs caused by certain bacteria?
What is the most common type of stone associated with kidney stones?
What is the most common type of stone associated with kidney stones?
Which stones present as hexagonal crystals on urine microscopy?
Which stones present as hexagonal crystals on urine microscopy?
What is the treatment focus for uric acid calculi?
What is the treatment focus for uric acid calculi?
Which stone type must be treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy?
Which stone type must be treated with percutaneous nephrolithotomy?
What is the best diagnostic test for kidney stones according to the text?
What is the best diagnostic test for kidney stones according to the text?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)?
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing nephrolithiasis (kidney stones)?
What is the recommended initial treatment for a patient presenting with a kidney stone less than 5 mm in size?
What is the recommended initial treatment for a patient presenting with a kidney stone less than 5 mm in size?
What is the most appropriate diagnostic test for suspected kidney stones?
What is the most appropriate diagnostic test for suspected kidney stones?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a kidney stone who presents with a fever?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a kidney stone who presents with a fever?
Which of the following drugs is associated with an increased risk of kidney stone formation?
Which of the following drugs is associated with an increased risk of kidney stone formation?
What is the most common underlying cause of hypercalciuria (high levels of calcium in the urine) leading to kidney stones?
What is the most common underlying cause of hypercalciuria (high levels of calcium in the urine) leading to kidney stones?
Which type of kidney stone is associated with an increased acidity, or pH less than 5.5, in the urine?
Which type of kidney stone is associated with an increased acidity, or pH less than 5.5, in the urine?
What is the recommended initial treatment for a patient presenting with a kidney stone less than 5 mm in size?
What is the recommended initial treatment for a patient presenting with a kidney stone less than 5 mm in size?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a kidney stone who presents with a fever?
What is the recommended treatment for a patient with a kidney stone who presents with a fever?
What type of kidney stones are associated with a staghorn appearance, resembling the casting of the renal collecting system?
What type of kidney stones are associated with a staghorn appearance, resembling the casting of the renal collecting system?
What appears as a "dumbbell and bipyramidally" shaped crystals on urine microscopy
What appears as a "dumbbell and bipyramidally" shaped crystals on urine microscopy
What present as pleomorphic crystals with rhombic plates or rosettes on urine microscopy?
What present as pleomorphic crystals with rhombic plates or rosettes on urine microscopy?
