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Questions and Answers
What is the most common location of prostate cancer in the prostate gland?
What is the primary purpose of a prostate biopsy?
What is the name of the scale used to grade the differentiation of prostate cancer cells?
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of prostate cancer?
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What is the primary function of transrectal ultrasound of the prostate?
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Which of the following is a recent advance in imaging for prostate cancer?
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What is the primary function of the prostate gland?
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What is the age range when prostate diseases become common?
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What is the term used to describe the non-neoplastic enlargement of the prostate?
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What is the histological feature of benign prostatic hyperplasia?
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What is the percentage of men who experience symptoms of BPH above 60 years of age?
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What is the term used to describe an infection of the prostate, usually caused by bacteria?
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What is the most common cause of bladder hypertrophy in a patient with BPH?
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Which of the following is NOT a symptom of lower urinary tract obstruction in prostate cancer?
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What is the primary mechanism of action of a-blockers in treating BPH?
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Which of the following is a risk factor for prostate cancer?
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What is the most common location of adenocarcinoma in prostate cancer?
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What is the primary purpose of transrectal ultrasound in prostate cancer diagnosis?
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The prostate gland is divided into five zones.
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Prostate cancer is a common prostate disease that affects men below 50 years of age.
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Prostatitis is a non-neoplastic enlargement of the prostate.
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Nodular hyperplasia is a type of prostate cancer.
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The prostate gland slowly grows with age, but prostate diseases are rare.
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Fibromuscular and glandular atrophy are characteristic histological features of BPH.
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Hydronephrosis is a complication of bladder hypertrophy in BPH patients.
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Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men.
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Prostate artery embolisation is a surgical treatment for BPH.
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The Gleason classification is used to grade the severity of BPH.
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Androgens are known to prevent the growth of prostate cancer.
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Pyelonephritis is a symptom of lower urinary tract obstruction in BPH patients.
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Prostate cancer mostly arises in the central zone of the prostate.
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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is used to diagnose metastatic disease in the liver.
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Gleason classification is used to grade the differentiation of prostate cancer cells from Grade 1-10.
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Radical prostatectomy is a surgical treatment option for prostate cancer.
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Orchidectomy is a form of hormone manipulation used to treat prostate cancer.
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MRI is used to diagnose metastatic disease in the lungs.
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Study Notes
- Prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a non-neoplastic enlargement of the prostate, characterized by nodular hyperplasia of the fibromuscular and glandular tissues.
- BPH is a common condition that affects men, causing urinary retention, cystitis, bladder hypertrophy, and hydronephrosis.
- The main symptoms of BPH include hesitancy in initiating micturition, a poor stream, dribbling postmicturition, and frequency and nocturia.
- The cause of BPH is unknown, but it is believed to be related to the levels of male sex hormone (testosterone).
- Digital rectal examination is used to diagnose BPH, which reveals a firm, smooth, and rubbery prostate.
- Treatment options for BPH include medical therapy with alpha-blockers and antiandrogens, and surgical therapy with transurethral resection (TURP).
- Prostate cancer is a common disease that affects elderly men, accounting for 1/4 of all cancers in men.
- The cause of prostate cancer is unknown, but it is linked to androgenic hormones and tumour growth.
- Prostate cancer is characterized by adenocarcinoma in the peripheral zone, with a Gleason classification system used for grading.
- Symptoms of prostate cancer include symptoms of lower urinary tract obstruction, a hard craggy prostate on rectal examination, and metastatic disease in the bone.
- Diagnosis of prostate cancer involves transrectal ultrasound, prostatic biopsy, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.
- Treatment options for prostate cancer include surgery, hormone manipulation, and radiotherapy.
- Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is used to monitor metastases and treatment response.
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is used to define the size and staging of the tumour, and to assess the risk of spreading.
- Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a fibromuscular and glandular hyperplasia that occurs in the lateral and median lobes of the prostate.
- Prostate cancer is a disease of elderly men, occurring in 1 in 10 men over 70 years, and is rare in men under 55 years.
- Family history is a strong risk factor for prostate cancer.
- Prostate cancer can be asymptomatic, with some cases only discovered at autopsy.
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Description
Test your knowledge of prostate diseases, including Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer. Learn about the pathological features and clinical characteristics of these urinary tract disorders.
