Urinary System Overview

What is the primary function of the ureters?

Which structure is primarily responsible for reabsorption of beneficial substances?

What is the normal capacity of the bladder?

Where does the renal artery arise from?

What distinguishes the fundus of the bladder?

How long is the urethra in females compared to males?

What is the function of the cervix of the bladder?

What is the length of the male urethra?

What is the primary function of the urinary system?

Where are the kidneys located in the body?

What structure in the kidney is responsible for the passage of plasma fluid during the filtration stage?

What is the correct order of urine flow from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder?

Which of the following statements about the kidneys is true?

What type of tissue is found within the sinus renalis?

How many nephrons are typically found in each kidney?

What is the primary role of erythropoietin produced by the kidneys?

Urinary System Overview

The urinary system moves waste from kidneys to the bladder.
Women's kidneys are near their ovaries.
Kidneys filter blood, remove waste and maintain balance.

Kidney Functions

Blood filtration: Removes waste products.
Maintains electrolyte balance.
Maintains acid-base balance.
Regulates blood volume and blood pressure.
Produces erythropoietin (for red blood cell production) and other hormones.

Kidney Location

Located in the upper posterior abdominal wall, on either side of the vertebral column.
Right kidney is at the level of T12 to L3, and the left kidney is at the level of T11 to L2.
Left kidney sits higher than the right kidney.

Urinary System Organs

Two kidneys.
Two ureters.
Urinary bladder.
Urethra.

Stages of Urine Formation

Filtration: Plasma fluid from the glomerulus passes into the glomerular capsule.
Reabsorption: Beneficial substances are reabsorbed into the bloodstream.
Excretion: Metabolic waste products are moved into the tubules, forming urine.

Ureters

Channels that transport urine from kidneys to the bladder.
Approximately 25-30 cm long.
Pass through the linea terminalis to the pelvis minor and along the pelvis's lateral wall to reach the bladder.

Bladder (Vesica Urinaria)

Reservoir for urine.
Located posterior to the symphysis pubis in females it is positioned anterior to the uterus, and in males, it is anterior to the rectum.
Normal capacity is ~220 mL, but can hold up to 500mL.
Empty bladder resides within the pelvis minor, but a full bladder can extend up to the umbilicus level.

Urethra

Transports urine from the bladder to the exterior.
In males, it is 15-20 cm long; and in females, it is 3-5 cm long.
Contains internal and external sphincter muscles.

Parts of the Urethra

Pars prostatica.
Pars membranacea.
Pars spongiosa.

This quiz will test your knowledge about the urinary system, focusing on the functions and location of the kidneys, as well as the overall structure of the urinary system. You'll learn about how kidneys filter blood, regulate various balances, and the stages of urine formation. Prepare to delve into the vital roles of the urinary organs!