Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of epithelium lines the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule in the nephron?
What type of epithelium lines the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule in the nephron?
- Simple squamous epithelium (correct)
- Simple cuboidal epithelium with brush border
- Stratified squamous epithelium
- Ciliated columnar epithelium
Which part of the nephron is primarily involved in the reabsorption of water and solutes?
Which part of the nephron is primarily involved in the reabsorption of water and solutes?
- Distal convoluted tubule
- Ascending loop of Henle
- Collecting duct
- Proximal tubule (correct)
What is the composition of the glomerular filtration membrane?
What is the composition of the glomerular filtration membrane?
- Endothelium, thick basement membrane, and mesangial cells
- Endothelium, thick basement membrane, and podocytes (correct)
- Simple squamous epithelium, thin basement membrane, and interstitial cells
- Fenestrated capillaries, microvilli, and podocytes
Which section of the nephron is characterized by simple cuboidal epithelium without a brush border?
Which section of the nephron is characterized by simple cuboidal epithelium without a brush border?
What is the function of podocytes in the nephron?
What is the function of podocytes in the nephron?
What type of epithelium covers the last part of the descending tubule and the first part of the ascending tubule?
What type of epithelium covers the last part of the descending tubule and the first part of the ascending tubule?
Which component of the nephron is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?
Which component of the nephron is responsible for the formation of concentrated urine?
Which structure aids in the filtration of blood within the glomerulus?
Which structure aids in the filtration of blood within the glomerulus?
What is the primary function of the nephron?
What is the primary function of the nephron?
Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for filtration?
Which part of the nephron is primarily responsible for filtration?
What is glomerular ultrafiltrate primarily composed of?
What is glomerular ultrafiltrate primarily composed of?
Which structure supplies blood to the glomerulus?
Which structure supplies blood to the glomerulus?
What does the distal convoluted tubule mainly regulate?
What does the distal convoluted tubule mainly regulate?
What is the approximate daily urine production by the nephron?
What is the approximate daily urine production by the nephron?
Which part of the nephron is involved in the reabsorption of water and solutes?
Which part of the nephron is involved in the reabsorption of water and solutes?
How does the nephron contribute to acid-base balance?
How does the nephron contribute to acid-base balance?
Which layer of the Bowman’s capsule is made up of flattened cells?
Which layer of the Bowman’s capsule is made up of flattened cells?
What happens to the blood after it passes through the efferent arteriole of the glomerulus?
What happens to the blood after it passes through the efferent arteriole of the glomerulus?
What is the primary function of the macula densa within the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
What is the primary function of the macula densa within the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
What is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?
What is the primary function of the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA)?
Which cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus are responsible for secreting renin?
Which cells in the juxtaglomerular apparatus are responsible for secreting renin?
Which cells in the distal convoluted tubule act as chemoreceptors detecting sodium concentration?
Which cells in the distal convoluted tubule act as chemoreceptors detecting sodium concentration?
What forms the filtration slits in the renal corpuscle?
What forms the filtration slits in the renal corpuscle?
What structural characteristic distinguishes macula densa cells in the distal convoluted tubule?
What structural characteristic distinguishes macula densa cells in the distal convoluted tubule?
Where does the juxtaglomerular apparatus specifically reside?
Where does the juxtaglomerular apparatus specifically reside?
Which of the following best describes podocytes?
Which of the following best describes podocytes?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between blood pressure and renin secretion?
Which of the following best describes the relationship between blood pressure and renin secretion?
What role do mesanglial cells play in the kidney?
What role do mesanglial cells play in the kidney?
What cells are primarily involved in providing structural support in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
What cells are primarily involved in providing structural support in the juxtaglomerular apparatus?
Which structure acts as a semipermeable barrier in the filtration process of the nephron?
Which structure acts as a semipermeable barrier in the filtration process of the nephron?
What type of cells are the Juxtaglomerular cells considered to be?
What type of cells are the Juxtaglomerular cells considered to be?
Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between pedicels and podocytes?
Which statement accurately reflects the relationship between pedicels and podocytes?
What is a primary characteristic of the filtration slits in the nephron?
What is a primary characteristic of the filtration slits in the nephron?
What is the primary function of Bowman's capsule in the nephron?
What is the primary function of Bowman's capsule in the nephron?
Which cells make up the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule?
Which cells make up the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule?
Where is the renal tubule's urinary pole located in Bowman's capsule?
Where is the renal tubule's urinary pole located in Bowman's capsule?
What is the primary component of glomerular filtrate?
What is the primary component of glomerular filtrate?
What type of epithelium forms the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule?
What type of epithelium forms the parietal layer of Bowman's capsule?
What anatomical feature is found between the visceral and parietal layers of Bowman's capsule?
What anatomical feature is found between the visceral and parietal layers of Bowman's capsule?
Which vessel brings blood into the glomerulus?
Which vessel brings blood into the glomerulus?
What is the function of the capillary loops in the glomerulus?
What is the function of the capillary loops in the glomerulus?
What distinguishes the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle?
What distinguishes the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle?
How does glomerular filtration contribute to osmotic regulation?
How does glomerular filtration contribute to osmotic regulation?
What is the primary function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
What is the primary function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
Which role is NOT attributed to the accessory glands in the male reproductive system?
Which role is NOT attributed to the accessory glands in the male reproductive system?
What type of tissue primarily constitutes the wall of the ductus deferens?
What type of tissue primarily constitutes the wall of the ductus deferens?
During the sperm maturation process, which stage follows the formation of spermatids?
During the sperm maturation process, which stage follows the formation of spermatids?
What is a primary function of the prostate gland?
What is a primary function of the prostate gland?
What is the primary function of the epididymis?
What is the primary function of the epididymis?
Which accessory gland is responsible for secreting alkaline lubrication?
Which accessory gland is responsible for secreting alkaline lubrication?
What role does the ductus deferens play in the male reproductive system?
What role does the ductus deferens play in the male reproductive system?
How does sperm maturation primarily occur?
How does sperm maturation primarily occur?
Which statement accurately describes the prostate gland?
Which statement accurately describes the prostate gland?
What is a key structural feature of the ductus deferens?
What is a key structural feature of the ductus deferens?
Which function is NOT associated with the seminal vesicles?
Which function is NOT associated with the seminal vesicles?
Which of the following accurately describes the primary secretion of the prostate gland?
Which of the following accurately describes the primary secretion of the prostate gland?
What is the main purpose of the seminal fluid in ejaculation?
What is the main purpose of the seminal fluid in ejaculation?
What is the anatomical location of the bulbourethral glands?
What is the anatomical location of the bulbourethral glands?
What is the primary function of the smooth muscle in the ductus deferens?
What is the primary function of the smooth muscle in the ductus deferens?
Which epithelial type lines the ductus deferens and helps propel spermatozoa?
Which epithelial type lines the ductus deferens and helps propel spermatozoa?
What is one of the main components of the seminal fluid produced by the prostate gland?
What is one of the main components of the seminal fluid produced by the prostate gland?
Which accessory gland contributes the largest percentage of seminal fluid?
Which accessory gland contributes the largest percentage of seminal fluid?
What layer in the ductus deferens is responsible for its ability to expand during ejaculation?
What layer in the ductus deferens is responsible for its ability to expand during ejaculation?
What is the function of stereocilia found in the ductus deferens?
What is the function of stereocilia found in the ductus deferens?
Which layer of smooth muscle in the ductus deferens is primarily responsible for strong contractions?
Which layer of smooth muscle in the ductus deferens is primarily responsible for strong contractions?
What is a unique characteristic of the prostate gland regarding its location?
What is a unique characteristic of the prostate gland regarding its location?
What role do prostaglandins secreted by the prostate gland play?
What role do prostaglandins secreted by the prostate gland play?
Which cell type within the epididymis is primarily responsible for the storage and maturation of spermatozoa?
Which cell type within the epididymis is primarily responsible for the storage and maturation of spermatozoa?
Which histological feature distinguishes the ductus deferens from other reproductive structures?
Which histological feature distinguishes the ductus deferens from other reproductive structures?
In which anatomical zone of the prostate gland does the prostate’s bulk predominantly reside?
In which anatomical zone of the prostate gland does the prostate’s bulk predominantly reside?
What role do paraurethral glands serve within the male reproductive system?
What role do paraurethral glands serve within the male reproductive system?
What type of tissue is primarily found in the corpus spongiosum of the penis?
What type of tissue is primarily found in the corpus spongiosum of the penis?
Which component of the testis is primarily responsible for androgenic hormone synthesis?
Which component of the testis is primarily responsible for androgenic hormone synthesis?
Which anatomical feature surrounds the prostatic urethra in the prostate gland?
Which anatomical feature surrounds the prostatic urethra in the prostate gland?
What is the primary role of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
What is the primary role of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
Which accessory gland contributes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm?
Which accessory gland contributes fluid that nourishes and protects sperm?
Which histological feature is characteristic of the ductus deferens?
Which histological feature is characteristic of the ductus deferens?
During which process do spermatogonia differentiate into sperm?
During which process do spermatogonia differentiate into sperm?
What is a key function of the prostate gland in male reproduction?
What is a key function of the prostate gland in male reproduction?
Which structure is responsible for transporting sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?
Which structure is responsible for transporting sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory duct?
Which hormone is primarily produced by Leydig cells in the testes?
Which hormone is primarily produced by Leydig cells in the testes?
What histological feature is unique to the prostate gland?
What histological feature is unique to the prostate gland?
Which phase of spermatogenesis directly involves meiosis?
Which phase of spermatogenesis directly involves meiosis?
What is a primary function of Sertoli cells in the testes?
What is a primary function of Sertoli cells in the testes?
What is a significant function of cervical mucus during ovulation?
What is a significant function of cervical mucus during ovulation?
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum primarily function?
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum primarily function?
Which hormonal change triggers the development of the ovarian follicle during the menstrual cycle?
Which hormonal change triggers the development of the ovarian follicle during the menstrual cycle?
What effect does fertilization have on the menstrual cycle?
What effect does fertilization have on the menstrual cycle?
Which phase immediately follows the ovulatory phase in the menstrual cycle?
Which phase immediately follows the ovulatory phase in the menstrual cycle?
What is the primary hormone produced by the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
What is the primary hormone produced by the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
What initiates the maintenance of the corpus luteum after fertilization?
What initiates the maintenance of the corpus luteum after fertilization?
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum form?
During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the corpus luteum form?
Which cells are responsible for hormone production in the corpus luteum?
Which cells are responsible for hormone production in the corpus luteum?
What is the primary function of hCG in early pregnancy?
What is the primary function of hCG in early pregnancy?
What occurs to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not take place?
What occurs to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not take place?
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is crucial for the development of the oocyte?
Which phase of the menstrual cycle is crucial for the development of the oocyte?
What typically happens to the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
What typically happens to the corpus luteum during early pregnancy?
What triggers the secretion of LH that leads to ovulation?
What triggers the secretion of LH that leads to ovulation?
Which phase of the menstrual cycle occurs after ovulation?
Which phase of the menstrual cycle occurs after ovulation?
What is the primary role of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase?
What is the primary role of the corpus luteum during the luteal phase?
What is the average duration of the menstrual phase?
What is the average duration of the menstrual phase?
Which process does oestrogen primarily influence to facilitate the movement of the egg in the fallopian tube?
Which process does oestrogen primarily influence to facilitate the movement of the egg in the fallopian tube?
What occurs if fertilization does not take place after ovulation?
What occurs if fertilization does not take place after ovulation?
Which type of follicles are primarily present in the ovaries during the follicular phase?
Which type of follicles are primarily present in the ovaries during the follicular phase?
Which hormone surge is responsible for the rupture of the follicle during ovulation?
Which hormone surge is responsible for the rupture of the follicle during ovulation?
What is the role of peg cells in the fallopian tube?
What is the role of peg cells in the fallopian tube?
At which part of the fallopian tube does fertilization typically occur?
At which part of the fallopian tube does fertilization typically occur?
What is the main role of LH in ovarian follicle development?
What is the main role of LH in ovarian follicle development?
Which follicular stage is characterized by a secondary oocyte being surrounded by a zona pellucida?
Which follicular stage is characterized by a secondary oocyte being surrounded by a zona pellucida?
What distinguishes mature follicles from primary follicles?
What distinguishes mature follicles from primary follicles?
What occurs to the oocyte just before ovulation?
What occurs to the oocyte just before ovulation?
Which hormone primarily stimulates the production of estrogen in mature follicles?
Which hormone primarily stimulates the production of estrogen in mature follicles?
What is the function of the cumulus oophorus in the mature follicle?
What is the function of the cumulus oophorus in the mature follicle?
Which of the following describes the antrum in a mature follicle?
Which of the following describes the antrum in a mature follicle?
What is the primary phase during which oocytes are arrested in metaphase II?
What is the primary phase during which oocytes are arrested in metaphase II?
Which structure forms the protective layer around the ovum during the mature follicle stage?
Which structure forms the protective layer around the ovum during the mature follicle stage?
What is the primary purpose of the hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle before ovulation?
What is the primary purpose of the hormonal changes in the menstrual cycle before ovulation?
What is the primary hormone secreted by lutein cells in the corpus luteum?
What is the primary hormone secreted by lutein cells in the corpus luteum?
What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?
What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur?
How long does the corpus luteum typically function if pregnancy does not occur?
How long does the corpus luteum typically function if pregnancy does not occur?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the late corpus luteum during pregnancy?
Which of the following statements is true regarding the late corpus luteum during pregnancy?
What structural change occurs to the corpus luteum after ovulation if fertilization does not take place?
What structural change occurs to the corpus luteum after ovulation if fertilization does not take place?
What is the role of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?
What is the role of the corpus luteum in the menstrual cycle?
What distinguishes the corpus albicans from the corpus luteum?
What distinguishes the corpus albicans from the corpus luteum?
What initiates the breakdown of the uterine lining if pregnancy does not occur?
What initiates the breakdown of the uterine lining if pregnancy does not occur?
What indicates the conclusion of the ovulatory phase?
What indicates the conclusion of the ovulatory phase?
Which statement accurately reflects the features of the early corpus luteum?
Which statement accurately reflects the features of the early corpus luteum?
Flashcards
Bowman's capsule lining
Bowman's capsule lining
The outer lining of Bowman's capsule is simple squamous epithelium, while the inner layer (visceral) consists of podocytes
Proximal tubule lining
Proximal tubule lining
The lining of the proximal tubule is simple cuboidal epithelium with a brush border.
Loop of Henle (thin part) lining
Loop of Henle (thin part) lining
The thin part of the loop of Henle is lined with simple squamous epithelium.
Distal convoluted tubule lining
Distal convoluted tubule lining
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Collecting duct lining
Collecting duct lining
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Glomerular filtration membrane: Endothelium
Glomerular filtration membrane: Endothelium
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Glomerular filtration membrane: Basement membrane
Glomerular filtration membrane: Basement membrane
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Glomerular filtration membrane: Podocytes
Glomerular filtration membrane: Podocytes
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Nephron size
Nephron size
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Nephron parts
Nephron parts
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Renal corpuscle
Renal corpuscle
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Glomerulus
Glomerulus
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Bowman's capsule
Bowman's capsule
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Glomerular Filtration
Glomerular Filtration
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Nephron function
Nephron function
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Glomerular ultrafiltrate
Glomerular ultrafiltrate
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Afferent arteriole
Afferent arteriole
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Efferent arteriole
Efferent arteriole
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Podocyte Foot Processes
Podocyte Foot Processes
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Filtration Slits
Filtration Slits
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What does the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) consist of?
What does the juxtaglomerular apparatus (JGA) consist of?
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Macula Densa
Macula Densa
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Juxtaglomerular Cells (JG cells)
Juxtaglomerular Cells (JG cells)
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Function of the Macula Densa
Function of the Macula Densa
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Function of Juxtaglomerular Cells
Function of Juxtaglomerular Cells
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Where is the JGA located?
Where is the JGA located?
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Why is the JGA important?
Why is the JGA important?
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What is the relationship between the JGA and blood pressure?
What is the relationship between the JGA and blood pressure?
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What does the Bowman's Capsule encapsulate?
What does the Bowman's Capsule encapsulate?
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What makes up the glomerulus?
What makes up the glomerulus?
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What is the difference between the parietal and visceral layers of Bowman's capsule?
What is the difference between the parietal and visceral layers of Bowman's capsule?
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What is the significance of Bowman's Space?
What is the significance of Bowman's Space?
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What is the glomerular filtrate composed of?
What is the glomerular filtrate composed of?
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What is the function of podocytes?
What is the function of podocytes?
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What is the vascular pole?
What is the vascular pole?
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What is the urinary pole?
What is the urinary pole?
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What is the difference between an afferent and efferent arteriole?
What is the difference between an afferent and efferent arteriole?
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How does the renal corpuscle contribute to urine formation?
How does the renal corpuscle contribute to urine formation?
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JGA
JGA
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What is the function of the JGA?
What is the function of the JGA?
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Juxtaglomerular Cells
Juxtaglomerular Cells
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Extraglomerular Mesangial Cells
Extraglomerular Mesangial Cells
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Prostate Gland Zones
Prostate Gland Zones
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Transition Zone
Transition Zone
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Central Zone
Central Zone
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Peripheral Zone
Peripheral Zone
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Anterior Fibromuscular Stroma
Anterior Fibromuscular Stroma
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Prostate Gland Capsule
Prostate Gland Capsule
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What is the role of the Prostate Gland?
What is the role of the Prostate Gland?
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Erectile Tissue
Erectile Tissue
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Ductus deferens epithelium
Ductus deferens epithelium
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Ductus deferens lamina propria
Ductus deferens lamina propria
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Ductus deferens smooth muscle
Ductus deferens smooth muscle
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Seminal vesicle contribution
Seminal vesicle contribution
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Prostate gland function
Prostate gland function
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Bulbourethral gland function
Bulbourethral gland function
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Prostate gland location
Prostate gland location
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Prostate gland secretions
Prostate gland secretions
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Role of stereocilia in testis
Role of stereocilia in testis
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Smooth muscle distribution in ductus deferens
Smooth muscle distribution in ductus deferens
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Seminiferous Tubules
Seminiferous Tubules
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Epididymis
Epididymis
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Ductus (Vas) Deferens
Ductus (Vas) Deferens
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Ejaculatory Duct
Ejaculatory Duct
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Penile Urethra
Penile Urethra
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Seminal Vesicles
Seminal Vesicles
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Prostate Gland
Prostate Gland
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Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's glands)
Bulbourethral Glands (Cowper's glands)
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Penis
Penis
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Semen
Semen
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Male Reproductive System
Male Reproductive System
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Duct System
Duct System
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Spermatogenesis
Spermatogenesis
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Meiosis in Spermatogenesis
Meiosis in Spermatogenesis
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Spermiogenesis
Spermiogenesis
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Sertoli Cells
Sertoli Cells
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Leydig Cells
Leydig Cells
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Pathway of Sperm
Pathway of Sperm
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Sperm Pathway
Sperm Pathway
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Testis Capsule
Testis Capsule
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Tunica Vaginalis
Tunica Vaginalis
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Tunica Vascularis
Tunica Vascularis
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Seminiferous Tubules Lining
Seminiferous Tubules Lining
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Corpus luteum of pregnancy
Corpus luteum of pregnancy
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Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG)
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Follicular phase
Follicular phase
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Luteal phase
Luteal phase
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Ovulation
Ovulation
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Granulosa lutein cells
Granulosa lutein cells
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Placenta
Placenta
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Progesterone
Progesterone
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Corpus Luteum
Corpus Luteum
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FSH and LH
FSH and LH
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Oviduct (Fallopian Tube)
Oviduct (Fallopian Tube)
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Cilia in Oviduct
Cilia in Oviduct
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Peg Cells
Peg Cells
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Uterine Lining (Endometrium)
Uterine Lining (Endometrium)
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Menstruation
Menstruation
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Mature Follicle
Mature Follicle
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Follicular Antrum
Follicular Antrum
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Cumulus Oophorus
Cumulus Oophorus
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Corona Radiata
Corona Radiata
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Zona Pellucida
Zona Pellucida
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Oestrogen Production in Mature Follicles
Oestrogen Production in Mature Follicles
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FSH & LH Influence
FSH & LH Influence
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Meiosis I
Meiosis I
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Meiosis II Completion
Meiosis II Completion
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Ovum
Ovum
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Cervix
Cervix
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Cervical Mucus
Cervical Mucus
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Vagina
Vagina
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Glycogen Levels in Vagina
Glycogen Levels in Vagina
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Vaginal Lactic Acid
Vaginal Lactic Acid
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Lutein Cells
Lutein Cells
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Corpus Luteum of Menstruation
Corpus Luteum of Menstruation
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Corpus Albicans
Corpus Albicans
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What are the functions of the corpus luteum?
What are the functions of the corpus luteum?
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What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization doesn't occur?
What happens to the corpus luteum if fertilization doesn't occur?
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How does the corpus luteum support early pregnancy?
How does the corpus luteum support early pregnancy?
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What is hCG and what does it do?
What is hCG and what does it do?
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What is the difference between the luteal phase and the follicular phase?
What is the difference between the luteal phase and the follicular phase?
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What are the functions of progesterone in the female reproductive system?
What are the functions of progesterone in the female reproductive system?
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Study Notes
Urinary System Overview
- The urinary system is responsible for filtering waste from the blood and producing urine.
- It consists of kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
Kidney Structure and Function
- Kidneys filter blood to produce urine.
- The basic microscopic structure includes cortex, medulla, pyramid, calyx, pelvis and proximal ureter.
- The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney, and it has five parts: renal corpuscle, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and collecting ducts.
Renal Corpuscle
- It's where filtration of blood begins to create glomerular filtrate.
- This structure contains a glomerulus, a capillary network, and Bowman's capsule.
- The filtration membrane consists of endothelium, basement membrane, and podocytes. Filtering occurs across this membrane.
Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)
- Located in the cortex, near Bowman's capsule.
- Reabsorbs substances like sodium, glucose, and amino acids from the filtrate.
Loop of Henle
- U-shaped structure located in the medulla.
- Important for concentrating urine by creating a concentration gradient.
Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)
- Located in the cortex, near the collecting ducts.
- Reabsorbs substances selectively based on body needs and hormonal controls.
Collecting Ducts
- Collects urine from several nephrons.
- Reabsorbs water and ions, further concentrating urine.
Kidney Lobules
- Consist of a collecting duct and all nephrons, along with the overlying medullary pyramid and cortex.
Renal Papillae
- Urine drains from collecting ducts into the renal papillae.
Glomerular Filtration Membrane
- Three layers: endothelium of glomerular capillaries, basement membrane, and podocytes of Bowman's capsule
- It filters the blood, allowing small molecules (water, salts, glucose) but not large molecules (proteins, cells) to pass into the Bowman's capsule.
Podocytes
- Cells of the visceral layer of Bowman's capsule.
- Possess foot processes that create filtration slits.
- Their foot processes wrap around the glomerular capillaries, creating a filtration barrier.
Juxtaglomerular Apparatus (JGA)
- A region where the afferent arteriole comes into contact with the distal convoluted tubule (DCT).
- Contains specialized cells (macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells) that regulate blood pressure.
Renal Vasculature
- Blood vessels supply blood to the glomerulus and nephrons.
- The afferent arteriole brings blood into the glomerulus, and the efferent arteriole carries filtered blood away.
- The peritubular capillaries surround the tubules.
- Vasa recta are specialized capillaries in the medulla.
Lower Urinary System
- Consists of the pelvis, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
- The ureters transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder.
- The bladder stores urine.
- The urethra transports urine out of the body.
- All of these components have a mucosa, muscular layer, and adventitia except urethra.
Urothelium
- Specialised epithelial cells in the urinary system, including the bladder, ureters and part of the renal pelvis.
- The unique characteristic of the urothelium is its ability to stretch and maintain impermeability to urine.
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Test your knowledge on the structure and function of the urinary system and kidneys. This quiz covers the role of the kidneys, the nephron's components, and the process of filtration. Understand the anatomy and physiology behind urine production.
