Urinary System Overview and Functions

Urinary System Overview

• The urinary system comprises kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.
• Kidneys filter blood, producing urine.
• Ureters transport urine from kidneys to bladder.
• Bladder stores urine.
• Urethra excretes urine from the body.

Urinary System Functions

• Maintains a stable internal environment.
• Removes waste products from the blood.
• Regulates water and electrolyte levels.
• Maintains the correct pH balance of the body.

Urinary System Combining Forms

• cyst/o: bladder
• glomerul/o: glomerulus
• glycos/o: sugar, glucose
• keton/o: ketones
• lith/o: stone
• nephr/o: kidney
• pyel/o: renal pelvis
• ren/o: kidney
• ur/o: urine
• ureter/o: ureter
• urethr/o: urethra
• vesic/o: bladder

Urinary System Suffixes

• lith: stone
• -lithiasis: condition of stones
• -ptosis: drooping
• -tripsy: surgical crushing
• -uria: in the urine

Word Building with nephr/o

• -ectomy: removal of
• -gram: record of
• -itis: inflammation of
• -lith: stone
• -logist: specialist in
• -malacia: softening
• -megaly: enlargement
• -oma: tumor
• -osis: abnormal condition
• -ptosis: drooping of
• -pathy: disease

Word Building with ren/o and ur/o

• -al: pertaining to
• -logist: specialist in
• -emia: blood condition

Word Building with urethr/o

• -al: pertaining to
• -algia: pain
• -itis: inflammation of
• -rrhagia: rapid bleeding
• -scope: instrument to view
• -stenosis: narrowing

Word Building with -uria

• an-: absence of
• bacteri/o: bacteria in
• dys-: difficult or painful
• glycos/o: sugar
• hemat/o: blood
• keton/o: ketones

Urinary System Vocabulary

• anuria: complete lack of urine production.
• urology: diagnosis and treatment of urinary system conditions.
• urinary retention: inability to empty the bladder.
• catheter: flexible tube inserted into the body.
• diuresis: increased formation and secretion of urine.
• enuresis: involuntary urination.